Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the Yellow River or Huanghe is the second longest river in the world. The writer points out that the river rises in Tibet and journeys for 5,464 kilometers through North China. The writer discusses that the Yellow River is the source of life for Northern China, where 43% of the population lives. Further the writer points out that it is this river in China, which has been subjected to the strongest influence of human activities. With brisk economic spurts and the expansion of population along the River basin, the writer notes that waste water release has increased in unexpected and unprecedented levels.The writer discusses that today, the lack of adequate water supply, especially in the Yellow River region, is among China's biggest problems.

From the Paper
"The Yellow River is the source of life for Northern China, where 43% of the population lives. Yet it has only 14% of the country's water supply. Cities and communities have crowded along the River, in the hope of partaking with the rewards of growth and prosperity. The national policy also encourages it. The threat of flooding has already characterized the River from the beginning. Recent conditions present a further threat to the River's capability of sustaining the overcrowding and its consequences. The region's major cities are growing rapidly. In Ningxia alone, centuries of irrigation have created an oasis. For centuries, its farmers have believed that the Yellow River is a great gift to them and viewed it as an endless resource. Water demand has risen in the area and air pollution has reportedly reached alarming levels. Today, the lack of adequate water supply, especially in the Yellow River region, is among China's biggest problems."

Tags:Huanghe, population, water, irrigation, overcrowding

Abstract
The paper discusses the Yellow River's historical significance to Chinese history and civilization and explains that it has supported the millions of people who have lived alongside it. The paper examines how the river has periodically caused an equal amount of sorrow through devastating floods and course changes throughout history. The paper explores how the river is currently faced with decreased flows due to over-exploitation, pollution from the surrounding industries, and continued silting. The paper concludes that concerted efforts are required on an emergency basis to find a solution to the problems facing the Yellow River.

Outline:
Introduction
Problems:
Silt Deposition
Floods & Course Changes
Decreased Flows
Environmental Degradation
Chemical and Biological Pollution
Solutions
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"Chemical and biological pollution of the surface and groundwater in the Yellow River Basin and the North China Plain is another serious concern. Discharge of industrial effluent and untreated sewage from cities and villages is common everywhere in China but is particularly damaging for the Yellow River. Surface water contamination is becoming increasingly important as water supplies decline and less dilution occurs. According to Dr. Zhongping Zhu, Principal Researcher with IWMI: "Water pollution in the Yellow River is exceptionally high...in 2000 less than 40% of the water was deemed drinkable after treatment, with 24% being classed as unfit for human consumption." (Quoted in "New Research Could Provide...")"

Tags:Loess, Plateau, decreasing, flows, riverbed, defense, tactic

Abstract
This paper explains how all ancient civilizations relied on flowing water to exist. The Egyptians relied on the Nile. To the east, the Euphrates and the Tigris created Mesopotamia. The Indus River nourished ancient Indian civilization, and the great Yellow River (Huang Ho) made the birth of Chinese civilization possible.

From the Paper
"Thus all ancient culture hearths could depend on a steady source of water, which also brought nutrients to the soil and fish as a source of food. Except for the violent Tigris and Yellow, the rivers also served as an easy means of communication. Easy communications facilitated the exchange of ideas and goods while breaking down the culturally retarding barriers of isolation. The size and fertility of the broad valleys made possible a vast increase in the land that could be cultivated, which in turn meant a vast increase in wealth and population; necessary ingredients to the development of large sophisticated social structures. Although great rivers were a common feature of these pioneering civilizations, soil and climate differed, and these differences left a significant imprint on human development. Different climates meant that the rivers nurtured different crops and required different methods of agriculture. Geography and the means by which people turned it to their uses influenced the ways in which societies evolved."

Tags:water, nile, egypt, euphrates, tigris, mesopotamia, indus, china, inidan, yello

Abstract
This paper looks at the Snake River which is part of the larger Columbia River system. The natural ecology of the Snake River has been altered by the placement of dams on the river, altering the way Salmon move through the entire region and raising a number of questions about whether the dams are doing more harm than good. The Snake River is the main tributary of the Columbia River and extends some 1028 miles through both Yellowstone National Park and Grand Teton National Park. The river originates in Wyoming. The river empowers a number of hydroelectric plants along its route and so is a vital energy source for the country. The ecology of the Snake River has changed as a result of many of the projects along the length of the river, including the aforementioned series of dams and possible pollutants from the hydroelectric plants as well as from other environmental challenges in the region.

From the Paper
"The Columbia River system drains a 259,000-square-mile basin covering territory in seven states (Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Wyoming, and Utah) and one Canadian province (Columbia River 2005). This river is probably the most significant environmental force in the Pacific Northwest, flowing more than 1,200 miles from the base of the Canadian Rockies in southeastern British Columbia to the Pacific Ocean at Astoria, Oregon, and Ilwaco, Washington. Human beings have inhabited the region along the river for more than 10,000 years, but modern engineering in the 19th and 20th centuries has dramatically altered the Columbia River, so much so that some scientists today believe that the river is environmentally threatened and that drastic action should be taken to reverse the changes made to the Columbia over the last 150 years."

Tags:Columbia, River, environment, sediment, water

Abstract
Through a study of the history of the geologic structures of the Mississippi River and delta, man's influence on the river, and the current state of the Mississippi River Delta, this paper attempts to present a balanced picture of the recently catastrophic subsidence of the region. The paper emphasizes the delta's relative sustainability and stability before human cohabitation with the delta and the subsequent deterioration of deltaic environments. The paper includes pictures and diagrams of deltas.

Outline:
Introduction
Geologic Structures of the Mississippi River and Delta
Development of the Mississippi River Delta
Human Involvement Regarding the Delta
History of Human Intervention in the Delta

From the Paper
"Mississippi River deposits of the Holocene epoch are products of a drainage basin that covers close to 70% of the contiguous States of America, as well as 2 provinces of Canadai. Deposition in the region of the current delta began around 7000-8000 years ago after the slowing of the rise of sea levels from the melting of the Pleistocene Glacial Maximum. However, it was not until 6000 years ago that deposition began to resemble that of the contemporary delta. At 3000 years ago, the conditions in which the delta formed were similar to conditions today: the inner gulf was at a standstill, the river possessed the necessary velocity to move a delta's worth of sediment, and the Gulf was of the proper depth and grade for the formation of a delta. ii In light of the concrete distinction between Pliestocene deposits, Holocene deposits before the stabilization of ocean levels, and late Holocene deposits similar to present day deposition, my study will focus on a more contemporaneous subset of Mississippi delta deposits beginning at c.6000 years past."

Tags:Geology, Mississippi, Mississippi River, Mississippi River Delta, Subsidence, Deltaic lobes, avulsion, barrier islands, erosion, marine, wetland loss, Louisiana, Delta History, Overview, Summary, Lacustrine, Progradation, economic impact

Abstract
The paper relates that the Saskatchewan River, also known as the Sask River, is formed from a combination of the North Saskatchewan and the South Saskatchewan Rivers. The paper explains that the North Saskatchewan River starts in the Columbia Icefield and flows from the foot of Mount Columbia to join the Clearwater River in Edmonton, cutting a deep valley as it continues on its course. The paper discusses how the South Saskatchewan River emerges in southern Alberta, forming at one point Lake Diefenbaker, created by a dam that is used to produce hydroelectric power for the region.

From the Paper
"The Saskatchewan River, also known as the Sask River, is formed from a combination of the North Saskatchewan and the South Saskatchewan Rivers. The North Saskatchewan River starts in the Columbia Icefield and flows from the foot of Mount Columbia to join the Clearwater River in Edmonton, cutting a deep valley as it continues on its course. The South Saskatchewan River emerges in southern Alberta, forming at one point Lake Diefenbaker, created by a dam that is used to produce hydroelectric power for the region. The South Saskatchewan River is identified as a seventh-order stream with extensive stretches of fine substrates (Cushing and Cummins 47)."

Tags:saskatchewan, river, valley

Abstract
This paper reviews the short story 'The Yellow Wallpaper' by Charlotte Perkins Gilman. According to the paper, 'The Yellow Wallpaper' is a tale of a woman diagnosed with nervous depression who has relocated for a few months with her husband and child to an ancestral home. The story is told in journal style so the perspective is told entirely from the woman's point of view, and the viewer feels all of the woman emotions quite keenly. According to the paper, it becomes evident to the reader immediately that the woman in question is suffering from a terrible oppression stemming from her physician husband.

Tags:yellow, wallpaper, analysis

Abstract
This paper discusses three scholarly articles, two of them addressing Philadelphia's yellow fever epidemic of the 1970s, Korfeld as a crisis of culture, Miller for its implications of early racialist thought, and an article by Gribbin on New York's yellow fever epidemic of 1822 which also discussed such outbreaks as a kind of 'test' for cities and Americans shortly after the Revolution.

From the Paper
"Through the 19th century, yellow fever epidemics in American cities of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts killed hundreds of people. Mosquito-borne disease was not understood and there was no effective medical treatment. Epidemics induced panic, evacuations, and much debate as to what caused the disease, locally and externally. William Gribbin and others stated that yellow fever was a kind of test for a city with much thought on disease as a kind of providential sign. This paper examines two studies of the 1790s yellow fever epidemic in ..."

Tags:1790s, 1822, yellow, fever

Abstract
This paper argues that even though the Mongols have been synonymous with barbarism and violence, the Mongol empire in China had its innovations.It looks at how the Mongols showed considerable open-mindedness towards different cultures, religions and the arts, borrowing Buddhist and other ideas and trying to understand the people ruled. Mention is made of communications, attention to agriculture, as in the Yellow River diversion project, and efforts to make use of existing elites without giving them too much power.

From the Paper
"The Mongol Empire in China tends to have a low reputation attached, in view of the Mongols having destroyed the Song Dynasty that was associated with much achievement and which was certainly seen as superior by the Chinese elite. For many years, numbers of Chinese resisted the Mongols, remaining loyal to the southern Song kingdom, keeping alive the dream of a Song restoration. (Schirokauer, 1998, 221) It was helpful to see the Mongolian invader as wild, senselessly violent and also, primitive, as was not exactly accurate, as this short paper explains."

Tags:mongol, yuan, exceptions

Abstract
This paper is an examines and compares the reigns of Chinese emperor k'angxi and French King Louis XIV, two Absolute Monarchs. The paper includes biographic details of the Emperor and of the King. The paper also discusses their goals.

From the Paper
"Louis XIV was born in September and died in September. He reigned as King of France from May until his death. However Louis did not effectively become ruler until after the death of Cardinal Mazarin. His reign generally epitomises the absolute power of a monarch. Louis was four years old when his father died but he played little or no role as King until he was thirteen years of age. Even at age thirteen Louis proved to be autocratic."

Tags:compare, analyize chinese emperor k'angxi, France, China, King Louis XIV. Versailles, monarchy, power, succession, regent, dowager, yellow river, grand canal, war, territorial expansion
Requirements: to get a analytical comparision between