Abstract This paper explores the perception that the economic price of the Iraq war that is being paid is not worthwhile with regard to the expected economic and political outcomes. The paper discusses the growing consensus of opinion, which is strongly supported by leading economists like Joseph Stiglitz, that the economic costs and impact of the war have been grossly underestimated by the present administration. The paper relates the predicted costs for troop withdrawals, military expenditures and weakened economic growth. The paper shows how Stiglitz points out that even the present official estimates of the economic impact of the war do not include less obvious and far-reaching costs that can have a future effect on the economy, such as lifetime disability and health care costs for army veterans.
Outline:
Introduction
Iraq and the economy
Conclusion
From the Paper "The overall effect of the Iraq war on the American economy can be initially estimated by taking the following figures into account. "The Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, a nonpartisan Washington think tank, has estimated that the Korean War cost about $430 billion and the Vietnam War cost about $600 billion, in current dollars. According to the latest estimates, the cost of the war in Iraq could exceed $700 billion." (Sterngold, James) These figures for Iraq are however extremely conservative in terms of other more wide-ranging and contemporary assessment of the costs of the war."
Abstract The war in Iraq is one of the most debated subjects on the international scene. The author of the paper examines the policy of the main actor involved, the United States and its place inside the wider framework of the policy towards the Middle East. The writer specifically looks at the reasons for the US presence in Iraq, both stated and unstated, the status today of objectives at the onset of US involvement, a discussion as to the relevance of US policy towards achieving its stated goals and finally, an examination of the costs and benefits involved in the intervention.
Outline:
Introduction
Stated Policy of the US in Iraq Objectives in Iraq and the Middle East
The United States and its Stated Objectives
Assessment of the Policy Towards Iraq Costs and Benefits
From the Paper "There are several aspects that must be taken into account in order to have a better image of the war in Iraq and the current situation on the ground. In this sense, it is important to consider the policy of the main actor involved, the United States; also, its place insider the wider framework of the policy towards the Middle East; in addition to these general aspects, an important issue is the precise reasons for the American presence on the ground, to the extent in which these reasons are made available to the public; the status of the objectives stated in the beginning of the operations must also be assessed, as well as the degree in which the direction of the policies is adequate for achieving these goals. Finally, an important segment for describing the wider situation of the war in Iraq and the US's attitude towards it is the assessment of the costs and benefits of the operations."
Tags:Iraq policy, middle east, strategic vietnam congress deaths government bagdad security economy budget military force
Argues that an attack on Iraq by the United States is detrimental to U.S. and global interests and that there are much more effective ways to fight terrorism than by initiating a war with Iraq.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, 2002, $ 44.95
Abstract Over the course of the last five decades, the world has looked to the United States of America to stand up and provide a model of international leadership and stability in order to help manage international and internal military, political, and economic problems. Until now, we have acted as the world's protector, taking down bullies after they have hurt and harmed others. This year, however, or early into next, our position, to never take the first shot that will start a war will change, if George W. Bush has his way. We, as a nation, have played a direct role in the improvement of the world condition by quelling conflict wherever we could. But, Iraq, the target of our renewed aggression, will prove to be a much different animal than the others we have captured and tamed since 1945. Iraq's power is not really in its arsenal or in its military (both of which are small, primitive by comparison to the U.S., and ineffective), it is in its ability to motivate thousands if not millions of individuals to act without coordination in a violent and unpredictable manner against the United States and the rest of the western world. It is the purpose of this paper to demonstrate the extreme danger and relative uselessness in attacking Iraq, to show that to do so is an exercise in futility, and that we can pursue much more effective means of preventing terrorism than to stir up the hornets' nest.
Abstract In this paper, both the Iraqi and American government portray similar organizational government, which has subsisted on the military prowess America now wields over Iraq. The writer discusses that by divulging the details of representative government, Iraq appears to be on a early developmental trend toward a republican democracy in the format of the American government. However, the writer points out that the economic and military difference between these countries is major, since Iraq has not been able to achieve a stable government, nor harness the natural resources, such as oil, which could raise the standing of this country in the international markets.
From the Paper "This governmental study analyzes why Iraq and America holds similar kinds of government, but differ in the stages of development that economy and militaristic policy provide on an international scale. By divulging the process of government, which is now present in Iraq, one can reveal how the United States holds a greater power of influence in recently ousting past President Saddam Hussein. By understanding the economic and militaristic dominance of America over Iraq, the form of government of both of these countries present their differences in power and issues of sovereignty in development. The new government of Iraq, since the overthrow of Saddam Hussein in 2003, has been a burgeoning republic, which has been being developed through American intervention."
Abstract This paper discusses how since September 11, 2001, it has been painfully evident that the U.S. news media has been much more interested in promoting the Bush Administration than in being objective reporters of the news. Their abandonment of journalistic standards and integrity has had serious consequences, ranging from the disastrous war in Iraq to massive and systematic violations of our Constitution and our laws by the Bush Administration. The paper further discusses how despite overwhelmingly supportive media coverage, the Bush Administration's Iraq policies have been clearly based upon hype instead of facts. Before the war, many Americans and much of the international community suspected the Bush Administration of ulterior motives in Iraq and the Middle East.
Abstract The author of this paper examines historical, geographical and religious factors that influenced the development of modern day Iraq. The author contends that within the development of the state of Iraq there are two basic themes of historical continuity from ancient times to the present day: (1) creation and construction of the state (2) the process of economic and social development. Within these two themes there is a constant struggle to come together and to divide. The writer further states that Iraq has had a significant historical struggle with unity, as a result of many centuries of social, economic and political dominance of one group over another, be they ancient rulers or modern "secular" leaders. The paper goes on to examine aspects of that "historical struggle".
From the Paper "From the more general theory, of geography and foreign interferance one must then discuss the ancient conflict between schools of the same faith, Sunni and Shi' Islam have been in constant struggle for power and representation over the years and to this day there is a clear sense that even modern representations of each of these schools are in a constant struggle to have their foundations build the nation and dominate the social and political arena. This point demonstrated well in the ebb and flow of history represented by Hourani, where he points out that the center of what became modern Iraq (Baghdad) is dominated by the Shi and to some degree still is, while the Sunni are frequently underrepresented and living on the fringes. (p. 35) The differences and similarities of these two faiths have driven them to different ends, and has frequently been the source of much conflict among even the most modern inhabitants of the nation, as it is reflected in a constant struggle to divide, and come together through representation and exclusion."
Tags:iraq sunni shia colonialism religion british bedouin, middle east, conflict
Abstract This is a personal opinion paper on the topic of Why the Iraq War. The writer believes that President Bush had no choice but to go to war with the mass destruction weapons that Iraq and Saddam had. The United Nations and President Bush gave them extended periods of time to get rid of the weapons, but they kept building more and more mass weapons including chemical warfare.
Abstract This paper provides an overview of the various political and economic risk issues confronting international businesses operating in post-war Iraq. The paper examines a plan for building a Web design company in the UAE, which would do business in the Middle East and post-war Iraq. The paper uses this company as a case study, exploring what factors the company should consider and aspects of international marketing.
From the Paper "Today's business world stretches well beyond national borders. Multinational and global companies have been existence for hundreds of years, but on a limited basis until the twentieth century. During the twentieth..."
Tags: international business, internet, iraq, Web, Crescent Web Design
Abstract This paper studies the various issues that have arisen in the democratization of Iraq. The paper begins by noting the importance of democratization to the United States. The paper also considers theoretical elements of democratization are considered. The paper makes comparisons between Iraq's process and that of Japan after World War II.
From the Paper "The democratization of Iraq was not a primary, formally declared reason for the American invasion of that country. However it was widely discussed during the months leading up to the war and frequently..."
Tags: democracy, iraq, saddam, de, tocqueville, federalist, japan, occupation
Abstract This paper analyzes the U.S. war against Iraq and argues that it was an unjust war. The paper makes the point that for a war to be just it must be necessary, it must be for a good cause, it must have a proportional response, it must have a reasonable chance of success and it must be undertaken as a last resort. By this test, the paper argues, the US war against Iraq is found to be unjustified, particularly because it was not carried out as a last resort.
From the Paper "Philosophers, theologians and thoughtful practical statesmen have, for centuries, recognized that war is the gravest act of international relations. There are no good wars because the very essence of war is mass slaughter. At best, war is at times the lesser of evils. Few except strict pacifists would dispute that World War II for all its horrors was less terrible than the prospect of a world dominated by Nazism. Thus, it has been broadly acknowledged that going to war..."
Tags:iraq, war, just, unjust, international, law, justification
Abstract In this essay, similarities between the Iraq War and the Vietnam War are discussed. The writer examines different points of view on this issue. The writer looks into the different reasons for going to war. The writer also discusses the need for compromise in Iraq.
From the Paper "A speech by Senator Robert Byrd to the Senate declared 'Surely I am not the only one who hears echoes of Vietnam in this development' comparing Iraq. It was said amidst the bloodiest month of fighting in the Iraq war and a month which ultimately saw more lives lost than the initial month of war that ended in the fall of Baghdad. Republicans were deeply offended by his words, but they have been echoing ever since in the minds of many."
Abstract This paper explains that it is difficult to determine whether the Iraq War has been beneficial or detrimental to the U.S. economy in particular and the global economy overall. The author points out that the bias of the periodicals covering this topic tends to reduce the ability to effectively explore these issues, for the debate tends to be charged in favor of the bias held by the periodical. This paper demonstrates this bias in exploring the economic outcome of the Iraq War as presented in conservative and liberal publications.
From the Paper "The characterization of whether the Iraq War is a moral or an immoral war tends to correspond to whether the publication reporting on it reflects party-line values. The Iraq War has been roundly criticized for its role in the dissolution of security within Iraq, and the increasing lack of security within the Middle East and within countries with corresponding Muslim and Arabic beliefs. In attempting to rebuild Iraq following the official close of the war, and also in attempting to promote security within Iraq and within the surrounding countries, the ability to profit from reconstruction in Iraq has characterized much of the debate over the moral status of the Iraq War. It is difficult to determine whether the War has been beneficial or detrimental to the U.S. economy in particular, as well as the global economy overall."
Abstract This fifteen page paper compares the American led intervention in Iraq in 2003 with arguments in favor of international intervention into the Darfur region of Sudan. This provides a useful framework within which to analyze cynical Bush Administration motivations, for researching this issue exposes the hypocritical foundation upon which George W. Bush's foreign policy rests. Examining such a research question provides the writer with a forum in which the differences between the Iraq intervention and the potential Darfur intervention may be compared.
From the Paper "Comparing the American led intervention in Iraq in 2003 with arguments in favor of international intervention into the Darfur region of Sudan is a useful framework within which to analyze cynical Bush Administration motivations, for researching this issue exposes the hypocritical foundation upon which George W. Bush's foreign policy rests. Examining such a research question provides a forum in which the differences between the Iraq intervention and the potential Darfur intervention, and their respective justifications, can be compared from an objective perspective."
Abstract This six page paper analyzes the short term and long term future of Iraq. The paper presents the view that the invasion of Iraq by Western powers has unleashed religious and sectarian violence that were not present before and that this makes establishing a democracy highly unlikely. The author present the America has right wing and extreme.
From the Paper "The Future of Iraq: Confronting Reality Analyzing the short-term and long-term future of Iraq requires a realistic assessment of the dire consequences likely to ensue when a Western power governed by arrogant right wing extremists invades and occupies under false pretexts an already brutalized Muslim country that isn't really a country. Iraq's short-term and long-term future is bleak, not only because it is an artificial political entity which has been divided for centuries by seething ethnic, religious, and political conflicts; but because George W. Bush's invasion and occupation has unleashed religious and sectarian violence of nightmarish proportions within Iraq. Model democracies cannot even emerge under such conditions, much less become established and thrive."
Abstract This is a media analysis of the 2003 war with Iraq. In the paper, the mainstream media journalism of George Packer and the independent news journalism of Howard Zinn are analyzed. By realizing how journalistic bias is provided in the work of Packer, one can understand how American propaganda for the war is disseminated to the American public. The paper examines how, although there is a complete lack of evidence to support American intervention in Iraq, it is clear that the American public is not being told the truth about why they have invaded this country.
From the Paper "This media study will analyze the various perspectives that journalists use to portray the War in Iraq within the foreign policy issues of the United States. In this manner, various politically influenced journalists reflect differing points of view on this intervention. In the mainstream American media there is a effort to encourage the continued American presence in Iraq. However, there is a counter measure to this form of large-scale nationalist propaganda in the works of Howard Zinn as an independent news source."
