Abstract The importance of wheat to the Canadian economy is not a new phenomenon. On the contrary, as far back as the 18th Century and earlier, there existed a significant agricultural sector. As the political environments differed in Upper and LowerCanada, though, so too did the development of agriculture, particularly the cultivation of wheat. To understand the importance of this crop, this paper sheds light on the impact of the wheatstaple in the late 1700s and early 1800s on the Canadian economy. It presents information on different backgrounds and institutions that were involved and shows that the history of wheat cultivation in LowerCanada was greatly influenced by the colonial institutions of New France.
From the Paper "This pattern of landowners moving into Lower Canada created a new demand for agricultural land. In addition to the existing French Canadian settlers who still farmed the seigneurial land, many English settlers either settled as new free-hold tenants, or bought seigneuries. Some French farmers were displaced onto land further north, away from the St. Lawrence where most of the seigneuries bordered. These displaced farmers were forced to attempt to cultivate less fertile land in order to serve the demand for wheat exports to Britain. This "displacement... was caused by the growing population on the established seigneuries... and the apparent unwillingness of French Canadians to leave their native land." (Marr, 1980, p83)."
Abstract The pre-1850 economic history of the Atlantic Provinces of Canada is discussed with ample reference to Staple theory. It is argued that the early experience of Atlantic Canada contrasted markedly with more often analyzed realities in central and Western Canada. Regular mention is made of how the differing early development of the Atlantic Provinces can be seen as extending into patterns of the present.
Abstract For the purposes of this paper, a staple is a product with a large natural resource content. Some part of its fabrication must take place at the spot, even if only in the trivial sense of seizing it away from nature. This paper finds that the staple theory though not perfect is the most appropriate context in which to evaluate the process of Canadian economic development. As such, it makes an enormous contribution to the study of Canadian economic history. This point will be developed by looking at the evolution of the staple theory,and by its application to the well-known historical facts of Canadian economic development.
Abstract This is a study applies the many of the concepts of the staple theory to the Canadian economic development. The paper focuses on the pre-1850 period, which reveals that staple industries lay at the heart of Canadian economic development.
Abstract This paper relates that America has made Canada dependent on its own resources because of the massive military industrial complex it possesses. The author points out that, due to these economic measures, Canada is bound to resource development and is subject to foreign enterprises, which use Canadian workers for lower wages because of NAFTA. The paper states that, since Canada has not developed a stronger innovative and manufacturing sector along more nationalized lines, it will continue to be enslaved by American economic dominance.
From the Paper "The first economic aspect of the Williams/Clement article reflects the reliance upon British investment to create the groundwork for Canadian trade throughout the world. This reliance became the manufacturing sectors primary directive until economic problems in the 80's limited Canada's trade powers. In this manner, American companies gained more power in nationalizing trade by working with Canada in building up the economy. The FTA agreement helped to encourage more power from American companies that superseded Canada's own manufacturing base in Ottawa."
Abstract The paper briefly reviews the The codification process in Canadian legal history as it pertains to nineteenth century LowerCanada. Among other things, this paper explores the conflation of socio-cultural and socio-political factors and how they lead to the laws that shape our society. Beyond that, this paper also seeks to define the term "code" and offers an interpretation as to what a "true" legal code really is.
From the Paper "The codification process in Canadian legal history has been a complex, occasionally convoluted, but always interesting one. Because of the scope of the topic, this paper will focus primarily upon the codification process in nineteenth century Lower Canada as it pertains to the Lower Canadian Civil Code. In addition to limiting the scope of the inquiry, a further reason for emphasizing the French-Canadian experience in this manner is because it is an excellent example of how socio-political and socio-cultural factors conflate to produce the laws by which we live. Moreover, the treatment of the 1866 Codification of Upper Canadian Civil Law by John E.C. Brierley and Brian Young provides an excellent example of how didactic "good" legal history can be. Among other things, this paper will define what a "code" is as well as suggesting what a "true" code might be."
Abstract This paper examines the profitability, leverage and liability of Budd Canada, a company in the business of supplying automotive components, specializing in the production of bumpers, chassis components and light truck frames.
From the Paper "This general industry trends also touched Budd Canada. The Corporation reported a $94.2 million dollar net loss as of September 30, 2001. Budd had mixed results this year due to the need to ramp-up production on its new state-of-the-art system in order to meet customer demand. Typically, the introduction of new equipment produces a negative financial effect initially. The 2001 losses were anticipated however early losses were greater than anticipated and a new management team was put into place. Traditional product lines declined, as order shifted to newer product lines."
Abstract This is a financial report on Budd Canada, Inc, a company in the business of supplying automotive components, specializing in the production of bumpers, chassis components and light truck frames. It is the writer's recommendation that a banking institution does not consider Budd to be a viable investment risk at this time as it has had a ten year history of increasing sales coupled with even greater decreasing profits. This paper shows how the company's position in the market is precarious.
From the Paper ?This general industry trends also touched Budd Canada. The Corporation reported a $94.2 million dollar net loss as of September 30, 2001. Budd had mixed results this year due to the need to ramp-up production on its new state-of-the-art system in order to meet customer demand. Typically, the introduction of new equipment produces a negative financial effect initially. The 2001 losses were anticipated however early losses were greater than anticipated and a new management team was put into place. Traditional product lines declined, as order shifted to newer product lines. The Budd Company is substantially dependent upon two major customers. These two customers account for 99% of sales and 99% of the accounts receivable balance.?
Abstract The writer of this in-depth paper addresses specific issues and problems that existed in Canada prior to the Great Depression, such as the effects of the social and agricultural situation. This paper examines how the depression altered previously established perceptions of Canada's economy as well as the role of the state. The writer delves into the various external causes of the depression and the inadequate and ineffective government policy at the time which led to and increased the severity of the situation. This paper analyzes Canada's economy before, during and after America's depression era. This paper provides relevant data and statistics pertaining to this particular topic, including the fact that in 1933 Canada was suffering from large-scale unemployment in which 30% of the labor force was out of work.
Table of Contents:
Outline
Introduction
General Causes of the Great Depression
Canada Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "An essential economic aspect that is crucial in understanding the causes and effects of the Depression in Canada was that the country derived 33 percent of its Gross National Income form exports. Therefore the country was particularly affected by the reduction in world trade. This had a severe effect on the Western Canadian provinces as they depended almost exclusively on exports of primary products. Another aspect was that there had been crop failures prior to the Depression. Saskatchewan for example has been plagued by crop failures and a very low what price. Within two years "provincial income plummeted by 90 percent." "This had the result of forcing more than 60 percent of the population onto social relief."
Abstract Using Ben Carniol's "Case Critical: Challenging Social Services in Canada", as well as Larry Jonston's "Politics: An Introduction to the Modern Democratic State," this paper discusses the welfare state in Canada, the development of it and its shrinkage within the past one hundred year. The author shows evidence that the modern welfare state is shrinking in today's society because of the advancement of right wing politics and the decline of Keynesianism as a solution to the problems of the people of Canada.
From the Paper "It is important to remember that Canada did not invent the welfare state, it was merely adopted during the development of the country. It was the adoption of these welfare state ideals, that has lead Canada to develop things such as free public Health Care, Employment Insurance, public education and welfare itself. Ben Carniol (2000) explains the welfare states creation in the terms of industrial England where it first surfaced in the modern form. The creation of a welfare state began when the capitalistic owners of large factories in England were beginning to become disgruntled by the constant visitation of representatives from the numerous charitable organizations that had formed in the country to help the poor and underprivileged survive in the new society that saw the factory owners compete for profits at the expense of the men who worked for them under sometimes extremely harsh conditions. It was agreed upon that some sort of central organization for the collection of charity from the owners would be necessary to ensure that the money was going to charity and not people who had begun cheating the system in order to make money for themselves."
Abstract The debate in Canada over free trade with the United States has always been heated. Both sides have consistently pointed to evidences that appear to support their own argument. There has, for instance, been reason to believe that free trade has had a beneficial impact on Canada. But this story is somewhat more complicated since the overall impact of free trade on Canada appears to remain negative. Because the American and Canadian relationship is uneven to begin with, it has been no surprise that the United States has benefited disproportionately to the agreement.
Abstract The face of labor in Canada is quickly changing. The number of blue-collar jobs has been declining for years in such areas as resource industry, construction, manufacturing, and so on, where unionization has traditionally been the most common. Present and future jobs in the so-called post-industrial society are to be found in sales and services, especially in the private sector. These jobs are typically diverse, part time, poorly paid, and thus difficult, if not impossible, to organize. This paper will look at the effects of the present and emerging economy on organized labour in Canada.
Abstract This essay discusses the many implications to the cycle of Canada's trade. Canada's role within the global economy entails many advantages and disadvantages. The more that there is trade without borders, the more that Canada risks losing its identity and independence.
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to identify and track Canada's perceptions of its changing place in the world as a result of the two world wars, with respect to loyalty and nationalism. Its objective is to link these changing perceptions to broader socio-cultural, economic and political ideas socially and economically. It shows how throughout the course of history, Canada is tracked as at first giving allegiance to Britain, as it was a British colony and how, under the guidance of Mackenzie King, Canada changed course and began to emulate the United States, politically, socially and economically.
From the Paper "Secondly, Canada was tied to Britain socially"Britain was a supplier of immigrants. Immigrants satisfied a variety of purposes, for example, the transportation of lumber from Canada to Britain was paid for by immigrants""Efficient use of the equipment used for shipping those heavy, bulky wood products eastward across the Atlantic demanded an equivalent cargo in weight and volume pay its way westward" (Zerker 10). While the immigrants provided labour for the British colony, they also facilitated the lumber trade through immigration to Canada, such that the transportation of lumber was paid for. Thus in Canada's earlier years, Canadian loyalty to Britain increased, since apparently Canada's well-being depended on Britain's."
Tags: britain, canada, king, lumber, lyon, mackenzie, relations, states, trade, united, william
