Abstract
The importance of wheat to the Canadian economy is not a new phenomenon. On the contrary, as far back as the 18th Century and earlier, there existed a significant agricultural sector. As the political environments differed in Upper and Lower Canada, though, so too did the development of agriculture, particularly the cultivation of wheat. To understand the importance of this crop, this paper sheds light on the impact of the wheat staple in the late 1700s and early 1800s on the Canadian economy. It presents information on different backgrounds and institutions that were involved and shows that the history of wheat cultivation in Lower Canada was greatly influenced by the colonial institutions of New France.

From the Paper
"This pattern of landowners moving into Lower Canada created a new demand for agricultural land. In addition to the existing French Canadian settlers who still farmed the seigneurial land, many English settlers either settled as new free-hold tenants, or bought seigneuries. Some French farmers were displaced onto land further north, away from the St. Lawrence where most of the seigneuries bordered. These displaced farmers were forced to attempt to cultivate less fertile land in order to serve the demand for wheat exports to Britain. This "displacement... was caused by the growing population on the established seigneuries... and the apparent unwillingness of French Canadians to leave their native land." (Marr, 1980, p83)."

Tags:seigneurial, Richelieu, Montreal

Abstract
This paper explains the cultural bearing upon low economic growth in Lower Canada as compared to Upper Canada, in the later 18th and early 19th centuries. The paper addresses Lower Canada's agrarian and economic development that was retarded by seigneurial system, the low modernization of agriculture and the low capital accumulation or local investment as compared to Upper Canada.

From the Paper
'Economic development in pre-Confederation Canada reflected significant historical and cultural differences in Upper and Lower Canada. Lower Canada as a former French colony continued to show the results of a paternal Roman Catholic and agrarian culture, the Roman Catholic Church bearing great influence as an institution shaping language, culture, popular values, law and education. A notion of the happy habitant prevailed even beyond Confederation in 1867. The related argument is one of Upper Canada as a newer settlement that featured a mainly Protestant..."

Tags:lower cda, upper cda, pre 1867

Abstract
Paper explains cultural bearing upon low economic growth in Lower Cda as compared to Upper Canada, later 18th and early 19th centuries. Lower Canada's agrarian and economic development retarded by seigneurial system, popular RCism advocated by RCC; low modernization of agriculture; low capital accumulation or local investment; compared to Upper Canada; refs. beyond course texts listed.

From the Paper
Religion, Values, & Differential Growth Rates in Upper & Lower Canada. Introduction Economic development in pre-Confederation Canada reflected significant historical and cultural differences in Upper and Lower Canada. Lower Canada as a former French colony continued to show the results of a paternal Roman Catholic and agrarian culture, the Roman Catholic Church bearing great influence as an institution shaping language, culture, popular values, law and education. A notion of the happy habitant prevailed even beyond Confederation in 1867. The related argument is one of Upper Canada as a newer settlement that featured a mainly Protestant

Tags:lower cda, upper cda, pre 1867

Abstract
For the purposes of this paper, a staple is a product with a large natural resource content. Some part of its fabrication must take place at the spot, even if only in the trivial sense of seizing it away from nature. This paper finds that the staple theory though not perfect is the most appropriate context in which to evaluate the process of Canadian economic development. As such, it makes an enormous contribution to the study of Canadian economic history. This point will be developed by looking at the evolution of the staple theory,and by its application to the well-known historical facts of Canadian economic development.

Abstract
This writer relates that he is concerned about what he has been reading and hearing about the British colonies uniting into a Confederation. The writer further relates that his concern is not that a federation will be a reality soon, but that it will not. The writer asserts that this would be extremely beneficial to Upper and Lower Canada by creating economic growth and stability in one united nation, but he believe that even as a Confederation, Canada should not cut ties to Britain. The writer posits that this possible Confederation would make each British colony united to assist one another in times of need; for instance, the railway network is like a skeleton with incomplete passages.

From the Paper
"Dear Editor: I am concerned about what I have been reading and hearing about the British colonies uniting into a Confederation. Uniting each of these colonies would create one strong Dominion of Canada. My concern is not that a federation will be a reality soon, but that it will not. I believe this would be extremely beneficial to Upper and Lower Canada by creating..."

Tags:canada, confederation, dominion

Abstract
The pre-1850 economic history of the Atlantic Provinces of Canada is discussed with ample reference to Staple theory. It is argued that the early experience of Atlantic Canada contrasted markedly with more often analyzed realities in central and Western Canada. Regular mention is made of how the differing early development of the Atlantic Provinces can be seen as extending into patterns of the present.

Tags:staple, theory, canada

Abstract
This is a study applies the many of the concepts of the staple theory to the Canadian economic development. The paper focuses on the pre-1850 period, which reveals that staple industries lay at the heart of Canadian economic development.

Tags:staple, based, economy

Abstract
This paper analyzes and critiques the short story, "A Field of Wheat" by Sinclair Ross. The paper includes a brief plot summary about the wife, Martha, of a wheat farmer, John, in the 1930s. During this time in history, for the most part women were completely dependent upon their husbands for support both financially and economically. This was the relationship between Martha and John, since he had always been Martha's rock and the pillar of strength for the entire family of four. The paper compares both Martha and John to the wheat John grows in the field, since after devastating events, the wheat bounces back from the destruction and becomes even stronger, which what occurs in the relationship between the couple.

From the Paper
"The short story, "A Field of Wheat" by Sinclair Ross is about the wife, Martha, of a wheat farmer, John, in the 1930s. During this time in history, for the most part women were completely dependent upon their husbands for support both financially and economically. This was the relationship between Martha and John, since he had always been Martha's..."

Tags:wheat, sinclair, ross

Abstract
This paper relates that America has made Canada dependent on its own resources because of the massive military industrial complex it possesses. The author points out that, due to these economic measures, Canada is bound to resource development and is subject to foreign enterprises, which use Canadian workers for lower wages because of NAFTA. The paper states that, since Canada has not developed a stronger innovative and manufacturing sector along more nationalized lines, it will continue to be enslaved by American economic dominance.

From the Paper
"The first economic aspect of the Williams/Clement article reflects the reliance upon British investment to create the groundwork for Canadian trade throughout the world. This reliance became the manufacturing sectors primary directive until economic problems in the 80's limited Canada's trade powers. In this manner, American companies gained more power in nationalizing trade by working with Canada in building up the economy. The FTA agreement helped to encourage more power from American companies that superseded Canada's own manufacturing base in Ottawa."

Tags:canada, economy, finance

Abstract
This paper discusses the USA and Canada as countries of strong differences, regarding economic and political history; labour histories, attitudes towards labour and capitalism and social welfare spending. The paper discusses how Canadian unions are able to collaborate with business better and some serve as public interest groups, while US unions are challenged by a changed economy, outsourcing, lower wages and the working poor phenomenon. The paper also notes that a different American culture sees the poor labourer differently.

From the Paper
"The United States and Canada contrast strongly in their heritage of economic life and the degree to which governments should involve themselves in matters of business, employment regulation, or social welfare supports. Although several large Canadian unions had their origins in the United States in the early to mid-20^th century, one finds that the proportion of American unionized labour has been reduced radically in the last two or three decades. This paper discusses a number of trends that point to significant differences."

Tags:labour unions, usa, canada