Abstract
This paper analyzes whether Victor Horta's work reflects the aesthetics of the art nouveau movement. It also looks at what some of the limitations of the art nouveau movement were. The paper provides an overview of the architect's life and the times in which he lived. It then analyzes Horta's influence to the art movements of this time period.

Table of Contents:
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Victor Horta and the Art Nouveau Movement
Influence and Limitations of Art Nouveau
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The research showed that architectural designers such as Victor Horta and Hector Guimard are credited with introducing the art nouveau movement to England and the rest of Europe (primarily France and Germany) in response to the technological innovations that were taking place in the world at the time. What distinguishes Horta's works from some of his peers, though, is the enduring quality of his craftsmanship and attention to detail, all of which contribute to making his buildings a single work of art as it were. As one modern observer puts it, "Although many of Brussels' houses have extremely boring exteriors - and seldom is one a mirror of its neighbor - coming upon occasional works from the art-nouveau era can be as exciting as seeing a rainbow" (Levin 1)."

Tags:Guimard, Maison, du, Peuple, Brussels

Abstract
This paper examines Mary Shelley's Gothic tale "Frankenstein, Or The Modern Prometheus", published in 1818, in which the main character, Victor Frankenstein, a young student steeped in the mysteries of science, describes his explorations into the unknown through his obsession to create life from the dead, which produces a monster of great size and strength bent on nothing but revenge. In particular, it looks at why Shelley included "The Modern Prometheus" as part of her title for the novel and how it is clear that she was attempting to compare Victor Frankenstein with Prometheus, the Greek god, who breathed life into man and brought fire to earth after stealing it from Mount Olympus.

From the Paper
"Not surprisingly, the future husband of Mary Godwin, being the great English poet and rebel Percy Bysshe Shelley, wrote a very long lyrical poem in 1820 (two years after the publication of Frankenstein) called "Prometheus Unbound" which explores Prometheus's relationship with Earth, his mother, Asia, his wife and Jupiter (Zeus), the King of the Gods. In this poem, Prometheus is described as being bound to a rocky cliff by Jupiter for his misdeeds against the gods. And while chained and powerless, Prometheus is tortured by an eagle that eats his liver on a daily basis, but the liver always grows back which allows the cycle to go on for eternity. Perhaps, since Percy Shelley allegedly aided in the writing of Frankenstein, he may have been attempting to allegorize the ever-growing liver as a symbol of the Monster's immortality, meaning that the Monster, like Prometheus's liver, can never die and is eternally damned."

Tags:monster, revenge

Abstract
This paper reviews Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" and, in particular, examines the irrational behavior of the protagonist, Victor Frankenstein. It looks at how Victor Frankenstein's irrational behavior begins with his ambition, and what begins as a healthy curiosity about nature and science turns into an obsession that he cannot control. It analyzes the effect of this irrationality on the other characters in the story and shows how Frankenstein's irrational behavior leads to the death of four innocent people and, eventually, his own demise.

From the Paper
"The next character to suffer from Frankenstein's irrational behavior is Justine. She is accused of murder and Frankenstein is still unable to tell what he knows. This scene demonstrates the depth of Frankenstein's irrational behavior. Even as he hears the judges condemning Justine, all he can do is leave the courtroom "in agony" (69). This scene is amazing because it demonstrates Frankenstein's selfish nature. He says, "The tortures of the accused did not equal mine: she was sustained by innocence, but the fangs of remorse tore my bosom and would not forgo their hold" (69). Even as Justine confesses to a murder she did not commit, Frankenstein is not moved. He admits feeling despair, but not so much as to save the girl's life."

Tags:monster, william, justine, science

Abstract
This paper discusses Mary Shelley's famous novel "Frankenstein" and looks at the similarities between the characters, Robert Walton and Victor Frankenstein. The paper relates that the the two primary concerns of the text are the Faustian or Satanic desire for scientific, God-like knowledge, and that of the self or the identity, and how it relates to the others.

From the Paper
"Mary Shelley's famous novel Frankenstein remains one of the most famous horror fictions of all times. Drawing on some of the literature's greatest masterpieces such as Milton's Paradise Lost or Percy Bysshe Shelley's Prometheus Unbound, as well as on the rich Romantic and Gothic traditions to which it belongs, the novel displays a complex system of meanings, allusions and interpolations. Essentially, the text is made up of three autobiographies: that of Robert Walton who writes to his sister in England and tells her about his North Pole expedition, that of Victor Frankenstein, the scientist who manages to create life in the form of a monster and who tells his story to Walton, and that of the monster who tells his story to his creator, Frankenstein. Not accidentally, these three autobiographers resemble each other to the greatest degree. On the one hand, the same desire for knowledge pursues all three of them: Walton is fascinated by the yet unknown lands of the North Pole, Frankenstein is enthralled by the mystery of life itself and the monster is naturally curious about everything surrounding him. The other thing that unites them, this time only Frankenstein and Walton is their common role as animators: while Frankenstein creates new life, intending surely to make a replica of himself, Walton rescues and reanimates Frankenstein, who is also a replica of himself. Thus, the two primary concerns of the text are the Faustian or Satanic desire for scientific, God-like knowledge, and that of the self or the identity, and how it relates to the others."

Tags:traditions, monster, childhood

Abstract
The paper shows how Victor Hugo's "Les Miserables" intends to draw not only the picture of a few isolated characters, but that of the entire Parisian life towards the middle of the nineteenth century. The paper describes the main characters who portray the reality of single mothers and orphaned children. The paper notes that while civilization seems to have evolved towards a more stable system, the situation of single mothers and orphans is still authentic in many respects and applicable to today's societies.

From the Paper
"Victor Hugo, the most important French Romantic writer, managed to draw in his novels a faithful and realist representation of Paris as it was in the century of Napoleon, at the same time enfolding the representation in a rich coat of symbols and metaphors which make his novels true, aesthetic masterpieces. Hugo was moreover one of the most successful and popular authors of all times, both in his own century and afterwards. Nevertheless, as most of the writers of genius, he did not elicit only admiration but also harsh criticism from the public and from other writers as well. Writing in the aftermath of the great French Revolution, Hugo was inspired by its humanitarian and idealistic philosophy which pervades most of his work."

Tags:plot, characters, discrimination, society, Valjean, Fantine, Cosette, orphan

Abstract
The paper looks at the life of Victor Schreckengost, a legendary artist and designer who has made a major impact on the art world through the mediums of clay, hand-painted ceramics, and sculpture, as well as drawing and painting. The paper describes his education and works in designer dinnerware, bicycles for adults and children, art pottery and small-scale and architectural sculptures. The paper relates that Schreckengost was named one of the ten National Medal of the Arts recipients and was honored by President George W. Bush and Mrs. Laura Bush in an oval office ceremony at the White House in November 2006.

From the Paper
"Victor Schrechengost was born the first child to Warren and Adda Schreckengost in Sebring, Ohio. Artistic ability existed all through his family, his father Warren was a commercial potter for the French China Co, and two of his brothers are today well-known designers. It was is father who Victor learned the craft of sculpting from, often visiting and latter working at his fathers studio as a water carrier and doing other odd-jobs. He received no structured art classes through eighth grade, and in high school the only art-related course was mechanical drawing."

Tags:ceramics, sculpture, dinnerware, pottery, clay, bicycles, toys

Abstract
This paper examines the novel "Les Miserables" by Victor Hugo and applies the book towards the events of the time. It evaluates how it reflects a great deal upon the teachings of many philosophers at the time by incorporating ideas from the Enlightenment. It discusses its portrayal of the social injustices and warped customs at the time of the French Revolution and shows how symbolism plays a crucial role in summarizing the basic events that took place during this time. It looks how accurately the book remains with actual history while at the same time carrying on a very complicated plot.

From the Paper
"The focal point of the entire story is a character by the name of Jean Val jean. The book starts out with Jean Val jean being imprisoned for nineteen years for stealing a loaf of bread. During his imprisonment he is harden through much both physical and mental abuse. Upon his release he is taken in by the kind hearted Bishop Myriel who makes Valjean promise to become an honest man once again. During the following years Valjean changes his name to Madeleine and devises a manufacturing process, which brings his town, Montreuil-sur-mer, much profit and eventually makes him mayor."

Tags:enlightenment, french, revolution

Abstract
This paper reviews two works by Mary Douglas and Victor Turner on the matters of ritual and anthropology (article sources are not named and are not included). The paper briefly explores issues of taboo behavior in scriptures and rituals, and concludes that the process of studying such scriptures and rituals is difficult because of the inter-connectivity found between them and their respective host societies.

From the Paper
"It is commonly accepted that many religious scriptures help convey social and communal codes. Dietary habits are a good example of this, where certain cultures avoided the ingestion of pork on the grounds that it was prohibited by their faith, but also that avoidance helped reduce the possibilities of disease. However, the authors promote the concept that there are multiple ways to understand adherence to certain scriptures and codes as presented in the religious texts. The concept of what is dirty, soiled, or sinful, for example, can be interpreted on one level as helping practitioners avoid lifestyle traits that were unhealthy. Yet this can be interpreted on a second level as well, where the avoidance of dirt was more of a symbolic avoidance of impurities."

Tags:ritual, scripture, anthropology

Abstract
This paper discusses the French author, Victor Hugo, and compares him to the protagonist of the literary work, "Les Miserables". The paper contends that Hugo parallels many of the qualities of Jean Valjean, the main character in "Les Miserables". The paper examines the social consciousness displayed in many of Hugo's novels, claiming that it is evidence of the conscience developed over a lifetime of involvement in politics and revolutionary thought.

From the Paper
"Hugo used his literary power to influence political thinking of his time, as well as to raise consciousness regarding the poor, children and other victims of the political upheaval caused by the French Revolution. The author has come to represent the literary movement of French Romanticism. This movement, with its imagination, subjectivity, freedom of thought, and idealization of nature fused itself well with Hugo's humanistic and somewhat rebellious personality. Together with this Hugo's political views leaned towards social liberty, which he combined in his idealism, and he saw 1830 as the year marking the emergence of both (Kirjasto). Hugo and his contemporaries, like many today, saw the role of the artist as social commentator and director. Hugo fulfilled this role admirably by adhering to the political views he held even in the face of significant political opposition. He shows his strongly principled character by never shying away from subject matter that may prove socially and politically inflammatory. The same strong principles can be seen in Jean Valjean, the main character of Les Miserables."

Tags:jean, valjean, les, miserables

Abstract
In this article, the writer provides a comparison and contrast of two styles of architecture popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Art Nouveau and Art Deco. The works of Victor Horta and Raymond Hood are also compared as respective examples of each form of architecture.

From the Paper
"Art Nouveau was a movement in architecture that was highly popular in major European cities as well as the United States. Art Nouveau was a reaction in design against classical approaches that were formal in nature. Instead the Art Nouveau ethic embraced the idea that the greatest beauty could be found in nature. If Art Nouveau was a reaction against the machine age and mechanized approaches to design, the Art Deco movement in architecture is symbolic of ..."

Tags:nature, beauty, curvilinear, whiplash, machine age, materials, design, form, geometric shapes, icons, ancient civilization, color, skyscrapers, ziggurat