Abstract This paper documents the rise and fall of the First Bank of the UnitedStates created in 1791. It describes the major criticism of the bank, how it interfered with the development of the banking system and economic growth. It explains how the Second Bank of the UnitedStates rose from the demise of the First Bank, and what caused the closure of the Second Bank.
Tags: Central bank, first bank of the unitedstates, second bank of the unitedstates, implied powers, constitutional law, madison, hamilton, washington, fiscal policy, inflation, veto
Abstract This paper describes the central monetary system of the UnitedStates government in the form of the Federal Reserve Bank. The paper examines the function of the bank and it's governing members and committees. The paper details the concepts and economic responsibilities of the bank and highlights its historic policies.
From the Paper "The major institution of centralized monetary policy in the United States is the Federal Reserve Bank ? which has been much in the news lately as it has continued to drop the discount rate. To understand why it has taken the actions that it has during this calendar year and to understand the relationship between the Federal Reserve Bank, a centralized monetary policy and fluctuations in interest we must in fact focus on the central bank ? or the Fed, as it is nearly universally called, even by those who never even think about investing in the world of high finance."
Tags:united, states, federal, reserve, bank, centralized, monetary, policy, ecomony, central, inflation, Clinton, Bush
Abstract This paper examines the terrible disease of tuberculosis and its spread in the 18th and 19th century In Europe. It details the disease's symptoms and their treatment as well as the discovery of anti-tuberculous drugs. Furthermore, it gives a valid comparison of the prevalence of tuberculosis amongst the populations of the UnitedStates and South Korea and studies the statistical data of these two very different countries. It concludes that better living conditions can bring down the amount of people sick with TB.
From the Paper "Tuberculosis is a communicable disease that usually affects the respiratory system but can infect any other system of the body. It is transmitted by droplet infection in the air from a person with the active disease. The pathogens are bacteria known commonly as Mycobacterium Tuberculi. Tuberculosis was a fatal disease in the 18th and 19th centuries, prominent all over Europe even in the well off classes. With the discovery of Streptomycin and other anti-tuberculous drugs, along with strict health regimens and isolation procedures the more developed nations managed to control this epidemic by the 20th century. Underdeveloped countries however were still a source of the infection and it was endemic in many third world nations."
Tags: Tuberculosis, United, States, South, Korea, HIV, disease, air, living, conditions, underdeveloped, countries
Abstract This paper looks at the underlying trends of each population growth factor separately, particularly the immigration factor. It includes several graphs and in-depth data of the population in the UnitedStates as a whole as well as divided into sectors. It gives an historical overview of the Hispanic immigration from its origin until the present day. Finally, it concludes that the Hispanic population will continue to grow rapidly into the largest minority group due to their immigration and birth rate.
From the Paper "Researchers in demographics have persistently foretold that the rapidly growing Hispanic population would inevitably develop into the leading minority group in the United States. Updated data released from the 2000 census reveal that this belief is fast approaching actualisation. The data indicates that America's Hispanic population grew by 58% during the 1990s, putting Hispanics practically equal with African Americans as the country's biggest minority group. Most demographers predicted that the Hispanic population would equal or exceed African Americans by 2005. But that may occur sooner than initially anticipated. (Travierso, Maria. 2001, 1) How has this approaching dominance among minorities occurred and what does this mean to the U.S. population at large?"
Tags: Hispanic, United, States, census, 2000, population, minority, demographics
Abstract This paper examines 20th century developments pertaining to the UnitedStates and China. The paper discusses how the philosophical position of each nation acts as a guiding principle when domestic agendas are decided upon and how these in turn reflect on international relations.
From the Paper "The United States and China have long eyed one another from across an ideological chasm that has at times appeared unbridgeable. Throughout the 20th century, domestic trends within each nation have diverged such that little common ground appeared to exist between them. Indeed for much of the 20th century, Chinese isolationism reinforced a communist agenda that did not recognize key properties intrinsic to Western society, among them religious freedom, capitalist business practices and a generally individualistic disposition."
This paper compares the political and economic systems of the UnitedStates and Japan, which reflect each nation's political culture, history, religious influences and social traditions.
Abstract This paper explains that, although political and economic systems of the UnitedStates and Japan are very similar now, until the end of the Second World War, they were very different especially because of Japan's isolation as a nation over two millennium. The author points out that both economic systems are market-economies, which are moving into the Information Age, display adaptability and are trending towards deregulation. The paper relates that four political parties compete for seats in Japans Parliament just as American political parties compete for seats in Congress; however, unlike in the UnitedStates, Japan's prime minister is elected by majority vote in the Parliament's House of Representatives and House of Councilors.
From the Paper "Japan's form of constitutional democracy has been described as a constitutional monarchy, but the emperor has no real power and essentially serves as a ceremonial head of state. Governing power is in the hands of the Prime Minister and Parliament in Tokyo. This parliamentary system in Japan differs from the federal government system in the United States, which features a presidential system comprised of three equal branches of government: an executive branch headed by the chief executive, a bicameral legislative branch, and a judicial branch."
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"Both economic systems are market-economies, are moving into the Information Age, and have experienced recent downturns in their economies. But both have displayed adaptability and trends towards deregulation, and these elements, along with the strong cultural work ethic in Japanese and American employees, bode well for the future economic prosperity of Japan and the United States."
Abstract This paper is a review of the book "A History of the UnitedStates Since 1945", written by historian Oscar T. Barck. The paper discusses the way in which Barck weaves together all of the facts, events and characters, both domestic and foreign, that make up the history of America following the defeat of the Axis and Japanese forces in World War II.
From the Paper "In the last section entitled "The Turbulent Sixties," Barck describes the "New Frontier" began by John F. Kennedy, "the youngest man ever elected President who also succeeded the oldest man ever to held that office," being Eisenhower (97). Barck then discusses the global responsibilities faced by Kennedy, such as "the interests and commitments of the US on every continent. . . the progression of communism in the world, the debacle of the Bay of Pigs invasion, the problems associated with Indochina, Vietnam, the Soviet Union and the on-going threats linked to the Cold War" (120)."
Abstract The UnitedStates Patriot Act was passed by the Senate and the House of Representatives soon after the attacks of 9/11 and was initially designed as one of the governmental measures taken in the fight against terrorism. The author contends that the measures stipulated in the act generated massive debates over whether or not the Patriot Act abridges essential freedom. The paper examines the measures and powers given to authorities by the act. The writer discusses the effects of these measures on the UnitedStates as a democratic nation.
From the Paper "Through the Patriot Act the US government can constantly monitor any terrorism suspect and the people that he interacts with. For example, any phone that might at one point be used by a terrorism suspect can be legally supervised indefinitely and so even those that have no relation with a terrorist suspect and simply use a public phone or accidentally come in contact with a terrorist suspect can be supervised and their phone can be monitored. The biggest concern is that the government will have easier access to personal information of any citizen and that there is no guarantee that that personal information will not be used against individuals. There is a great risk of allowing governmental agencies easy and hidden access to private information as this would permit a great amount of unwanted control of governmental agencies over private life."
Tags: power security police spy snoop investigate, civil liberties, free speech, freedom totalitarian state government
Abstract Homelessness remains one of America's most complicated and important social issues and is a devastating experience for families. It disrupts virtually every aspect of family life, damaging the physical and emotional health of family members interfering with children's education and development and frequently resulting in the separation of family members. This paper provides an overview of causes and consequences of homelessness among three of the largest homeless population in the UnitedStates; families with children, the mentally ill and veterans.
From the Paper "In the last 15 years, the United States has seen a tremendous growth in the percentage of the homeless population. One of the fastest growing segments of the homeless population is families with children. Families with children constitute approximately 40% of people who become homeless. A survey of 30 U.S. cities found that in 1998, children accounted for 25% of the homeless population. Families have become much more diverse than the conventional nuclear family. The make up of homeless people has also become more diverse and now includes a larger proportion of homeless families. Families have changed due to the decline in marriages, increased births outside marriage, lower birth rates, and higher rates of divorce and relationship breakdown. Homeless families include single parent families, headed mainly by women, couples with children and couples without children. The U.S. Census indicates that families, single mothers, and children make up the largest group of people who are homeless in rural areas."
Tags: causes, families, homeless, homelessness, states, united, veterans
Abstract The paper gives a brief explanation of the Second Amendment of the Constitution of the UnitedStates. The paper discusses its history, related court interpretations and legislation. The following issues are addressed in the paper: The National Rifle Association's view on the second amendment, the rule of adherence to precedent, whether the Second Amendment applies to the federal or state level and if it protects only state militias or individual rights. The paper also looks at gun ownership and homicide rates from 1970 to1990.
Outline:
Introduction
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "There have been numerous cases involving the Second Amendment but not too many have made it to the law of the land, the Supreme Court of the United States. Busch (2003) discusses the major Supreme Court cases involving the Second Amendment, while focusing on the impact the United States v Emerson (as cited in Busch, 2003) case had on the right to bear arms. Busch (2003) notes that after the Supreme Court case of United States v Miller (as cited in Busch, 2003), a large part of lower federal courts interpret the protection of the Second Amendment as a collective right and not an individual right. Busch (2003) also notes that the Supreme Court has yet to clearly state whether the Second Amendment is collective or individual. A collective right means that it applies only to the federal government. An individual right means that it only applies to state government."
Tags: well regulated militia, state militias, individual rights, supreme court cases
Abstract The end of the nineteenth century is seen as an era of trust busting under President Roosevelt and the Progressives. This was an era in which industry was subject to increasingly strict regulation in an effort to preserve the competitive marketplace. The following discussion will explore this issue: In what way and to what extent was business regulated in the UnitedStates during the nineteenth century? An issue of secondary importance will also be considered: In what way did nineteenth century regulation of business foreshadow the manner in which business is currently regulated at the beginning of the twenty-first century.
Abstract This paper describes the lobbying process in the UnitedStates Congress. It looks at the origins of lobbying, the purpose of lobby groups, what kinds of institutions and organizations compose a lobby group, and how lobbying efforts and the lobbying process has changed over time. The paper also looks at global lobby groups and the influence that lobbyists exert on the U.S. Congress in general.
From the Paper "Lobbying is the practice and profession of influencing governmental decisions, and is carried out by agents who represent the concerns of special interests to legislators and administrators.1 The term first originated in the 1830's, when representatives of interest groups tended to congregate in the lobbies of Congress and state legislatures, however, the term is now used in a broader sense to include attempt to influence any governmental actions.2 Lobbying in the United States today has become an accepted an ubiquitous part of the political system. Although federal and state legislators are technically representatives of geographical areas, they spend a great deal of their time with lobbyists, and at times are responding to interest groups rather than to their constituents, to the degree that legislation drafted by lobbyists is sometimes introduced."
This paper describes why Pearl Harbor was attacked by Japan during World War II and how the UnitedStates retaliated against the profound act of aggression.
Abstract This paper historically describes the bombing of Pearl Harbor during World War II by Japan. The paper does so through the personal reflection of a soldier at the time of the attack in 1941 and with tribute to his great dedication and bravery for defending the UnitedStates
From the Paper "The tragic day at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 left the American people in a furious, yet fearful state. An unwarranted action of attack was thrown upon us as Japan invaded one of our islands and murdered our citizens. It was people such as my grandfather, Aubrey Hunter, that were willing to take up arms and enlist themselves in the military to help stop Japan from advancing in their murderous ways. It took strength, a great amount of courage, personal sacrifice, and the willingness to potentially give their lives for the cause. It were these attributes from men, such as my grandfather, and women that allowed our U.S. military to build itself up again and revenge the deaths of everyone who died at Pearl Harbor."
Tags: america, hawaii, japan, revenge, states, two, united, war, world, wwii, pearl, harbor, united, states
Abstract This paper begins by examining the broad issue of trade that affects the UnitedStates and Japan today. The paper then takes a look at the cultural and historical factors that have led to Japanese dominance in business. Finally, the paper considers how the Japanese gains in automobile market share have affected the UnitedStates and the world economy, as well as the problems and the opportunities facing business in an international setting given these circumstances.
From the Paper "The United States and Japan have an interesting relationship. It was not so long ago that Japan was the sworn enemy of the United States, intent on the downfall of the United States. It was Japan that destroyed Pearl Harbor, dragging the United States into World War II. The fighting in Europe was intense, but fighting in the Pacific was more arduous, filled with more danger, against an enemy whose cruelty seemed to know no bounds. Stories of the war that fill high school history textbooks include the Japanese basically going on suicide, or Kamikaze missions to destroy U.S. naval power. The books tell a story of soldiers who buried POW's in the sand up to their necks, propped the POW's mouths open with sticks, and allowed local ants and other insects to feed on the soft tissue of the POW's mouths and throats. In response to this threat, the United States dropped nuclear weapons on two of Japan's cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It was after the Japanese surrender that the relationship between the two countries became really interesting."
Tags: sony honda toyota mitsubishi, acura japanese dumping products non-tariff barriers
Abstract This paper explains, compares and evaluates gun control in the UnitedStates, Netherlands, Great Britain, Switzerland and Japan. The author concludes that in the UnitedStates guns are so much a part of the culture that gun control alone is not enough. The UnitedStates must combine sensible gun laws with efforts to change the culture that values easy access to guns for gaining personal power.
From the Paper "The Second Amendment to the United States Constitution says,
?A well regulated militia, being necessary for the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.? The United States Constitution was completed in 1787, not long after the citizens of the newly-formed country had formed militias, taken up their personal arms, marched to war, and won a revolutionary war to create one of the most powerful and influential countries ever seen. It is hard to imagine our Constitution being written without that amendment, given the times in which it was written."
Tags: second, amendment, united, states, constitution, culture, national, rifle, association, nra, netherlands, great, britain, handguns, switzerland, japan
