This paper uses a case study to examine UnitedKingdom Consumer Laws and Consumer criminal laws. The laws are meant to protect consumers against defective and unsafe products and services.
Abstract UnitedKingdom Consumer Laws and Consumer criminal Laws are meant to protect consumers against defective and unsafe products and services. They can be invoked if a consumer feels he was taken for a ride and given product or service, which did not meet his needs or was faulty in any sense. We need to understand that certain conditions apply when these laws are made use of to bring charges against a trader. For example, the nature of product or service doesn't count at all but the length of use; special seller instructions, representation of a product etc. play a dominant role in determining the exact nature of breach of contract between the seller and the consumer.
Proposal-Introduction
Executive Summary
-------Rights and Liabilities-Used car
-------Rights and Liabilities-Seat cover
-------Rights and Liabilities- Cell batteries
-------Rights and Liabilities-Re-roofing
-------Rights and liabilities-Dogs
Conclusions/Recommendations
From the Paper "Eleanor and Nicos needed to purchase a second-hand car and visited Solid Cars for this purpose. There they found a Range Rover, which was being offered for ?2,000. The salesman informed them the original engine of the Rover had been replaced with a reconditioned engine. After initial discussions with the salesman, they agreed to purchase the vehicle through their debit card. The salesman however told them few things, which later proved to be incorrect and caused them several problems during test-drive."
Tags: Consumers, Laws, United, Kingdom, Merchants, Legal, rights
Abstract The paper examines how overall economic growth in the UnitedKingdom slowed down since the summer of 2000, and fell just below potential, but performed better than other major economies. The paper discusses how the main causes were attributed to global factors. These factors include decreased high-tech demand overseas, weaker exports, non-residential investment, the foot-and-mouth crisis, and poor weather. The paper discusses how this chiefly affected the agriculture and tourism sectors.
From the Paper " The UK government finally announced to create and embark on an action plan for organic farming with a 4.7% target of farmland by 2007 (The Ecologist 2001). It, however, had to gain the support of private members' bill, which aimed for a 30% conversion rate by the year 2010. Advocates of the Bill claimed that it would promote organic production in the UK, where most organic food was still imported. The campaign acquired the signatures of seven leading British supermarkets in urging for the 30% of UK agricultural land for conversion to become organic by 2010 (Eurofood 2002)."
Abstract This paper attempts to trace the history in detail of UnitedKingdom from the time Britain became the UnitedKingdom in 1707 to the present. While doing so it looks at the political, social and economic development that took place in the UnitedKingdom during this time and analyzes how it has got to where it is today. A brief review of the history of Britain prior to 1707 is also included.
From the Paper "The history of Britain can be traced to the pre-Roman times when Celtic-speaking people inhabited the island. The Celts also settled in the Ireland in 500 BC. Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 50-55 BC but it did not become a Roman Colony until the first century AD when it became the Roman province of Britannia. In the 5th century AD, Nordic tribes invaded Britain pushing the Celtic people into Wales and Scotland. Christianity was introduced in UK in the 6th and seventh century AD and it soon became a major influence. During the 8th and 9th centuries , the Viking armies and the Danes often invaded the coastal areas of Britain and fought with the local armies. In the 9th century, Alfred the Great repelled a Danish army which helped unify England. William of Normandy conquered England in 1066 and ruled as William I (1066-87)."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed look at the domestic violence policies in the United States and the UnitedKingdom. Policies, standards and processes are discussed as well as similarities.
From the Paper "Every nation has its own criminal justice system and handles its system the way that it feels is best. Most industrialized nations have similar standards when it comes to violence such as murder, rape and aggravated assault and punish the perpetrators accordingly. Domestic violence has always been a gray issue for law enforcement and it was only recently that the laws began to consider it as violent a crime as other assaults. In the United States and in the United Kingdom the problem of domestic violence has been steadily gaining attention and new laws are being passed every year that provide harsher punishments for those who are convicted of it. "
This paper researches what control or agency children have in the construction of their own habits, tastes and consumption, focusing in particular on the UnitedKingdom.
Abstract Many of the same forces that are driving globalization are also fueling new interest in what childhood developmental differences exist among different countries in an effort to better understand how these differences may affect interpersonal relationships and social patterns in increasingly multicultural societies. While it is reasonable to assume that children all over the world share many of the same wants, needs and desires, it is also reasonable to assume that there are some fundamental differences that exist concerning what control or agency these children have in the construction of their own habits, tastes and consumption patterns as well. To identify these differences and determine their impact on modern societies, this paper provides a review of the relevant peer-reviewed and scholarly literature with a specific focus on the UnitedKingdom as well as an examination of these issues as they relate to other countries in North America, Europe and Southeast Asia as well. A summary of the research and salient findings are presented in the conclusion.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Cultural Influences of the Development of Individual Habits, Tastes and Consumption Patterns
Implications for Control or Agency of Children's Tastes and Habits.
Conclusion
From the Paper "In their book, 'The Politics of Consumption, Daunton and Hilton' (2001) report that consumption patterns that involve children have been the source of increasing attention in recent years: 'The status of individual goods has inspired particular moral critiques. Goods have been criticized for undermining control of the self such as alcohol, tobacco and other narcotics. Goods themselves may be morally acceptable, but the way in which they are produced, by non-free or sweated labour, may be the cause of moral and political complaint. And goods have been criticized when consumed by particular sections of the community, such as by children or by those who have inspired 'moral panics'' (p. 3). According to these authors, 'Within the modern state, the history of consumer politics and citizenship can be better understood as the history of the rights and duties which societies and individuals attach to consumption' (Daunton & Hilton, 2001, p. 13). Indeed, globalization is being driven by such consumption patterns and it is reasonable to assert that as children in the emerging nations of the world gain access to the material goods enjoyed by their counterparts in more affluent societies, their perceptions of what is good and bad will be swayed as well. As these authors put it, 'It is not so much a history of how consumer rights have been constructed and incorporated into state-sanctioned notions of citizenship, but a history of how rights and duties, the central pillars of liberal citizenship, have been constantly redefined in their relationship to consumption' (Daunton & Hilton, 2001, p. 13)."
Tags:development childhood review construction issues, unitedkingdom
Abstract This paper discusses the growth of management consultants in the UnitedKingdom and identifies the changes that have been noticed in the role played by consultancy industry. It also examines the changes in the rate of growth this year to find out how the industry is being influenced by the current economic slowdown.
From the Paper "The management consultancy industry is growing very rapidly in the United Kingdom. The industry has seen tremendous growth in last decade and in the year 2000 despite the slow-down in the world economies; the management consultants mushroomed in the country. A management consultant is a person who offers professional service o businesses and the public in general. It is the job of a management consultant to identify the problem for which he has been contacted. After assessing the problem, he would review the company's strategies and policies to find out where they might be clashing with the market trends."
Abstract This paper compares the highly centralized government planning system in the UK as compared to the control of development in the USA. It shows how the US has a stronger localized tradition, with more layers of government that understand local planning matters, while the UK reserves the right to become involved in conflicts where 'the national interest' is concerned. Ultimately, the author contends, the differences between the two countries' constitutions can be detected in their planning systems.
From the Paper "The ownership of property, at first glance, appears to confer certain rights to the owner in respect of the development of that land. But in reality the situation is more complicated, especially within the British planning system. In this country the ownership of land rights does not bring with it the right to develop that land. The government at both a local and national level ultimately decide whether or not development can go ahead. However, the government itself is not constrained by specific regulations or constitutional considerations. The state in Britain has significant discretion in the control of development. Here I shall discuss the advantages and limitations of giving a central role to governmental discretion in the control of development. For comparative analysis, planing practice in the USA shall also be discussed".
Tags: comparative, planning, spatial, town, urban, usa, uk, united, states, america, britain, british, united, kingdom, local, national, government, constitution
Abstract This paper looks at how, thus far, the UK and the US have worked together fairly smoothly on the war on terror, but that the war on Iraq has placed severe strain on the special relationship developed between these two countries.
From the Paper "This research paper discusses the current state of the special relationship' between the United Kingdom and the United States in the light of the war on terror and the current Iraq war. The special relationship' refers to the close military and diplomatic cooperation that has characterized Anglo-American relations since..."
Tags:UnitedKingdom, United States, terrorism, Iraq, War on Terror
Abstract This paper focuses on voluntary euthanasia, euthanasia in which a clearly competent person makes a voluntary request for assistance in dying, which is different from non-voluntary euthanasia because, in this case, a person is either not competent or unable to express a wish about euthanasia. The author points out that many critics believe permitting voluntary euthanasia, which is supported by many people, will lead to permitting non-voluntary euthanasia. The paper states that, in the UnitedKingdom, physician-assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia is illegal, but euthanasia was legalized in certain circumstances in the Netherlands in 1994, in the Northern Territory of Australia in 1997, and, in November 1997, Oregon voters approved the Death with Dignity Act (DWDA); the UnitedKingdom also should legalize a humane death.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Hypothesis
Literature Review
Legalized Euthanasia
About Euthanasia
UnitedKingdom Law
A Look at the Issue
Conditions for Candidacy for Voluntary Euthanasia
A Case for Voluntary Euthanasia
Objections to Voluntary Euthanasia
A Closer Look at U.K. Legislation
The Importance of Autonomy and Consent
Methodology
Results and Conclusion
From the Paper "Many religious groups oppose euthanasia because it goes against their faiths. Thomas Aquinas documented traditional Christian beliefs on the issue of suicide (Gula, 1997). Suicide was condemned because it harms other people, and because life is the gift of God and can only taken away by God. Muslims, and Jewish are amongst other faiths that believe life is given by God, and can only be taken away by God. One of the other major points made by religious groups is that "God does not send any experience that we cannot handle (p. 145)". For some faith groups, such as the Roman Catholics, "human suffering can have a positive value for the terminally ill and the caregivers"."
Abstract This paper explains that the close ties between the United States and Great Britain are deeply rooted in common language as well as a long-running and deeply connected historical base of strongly tied economic as well as militaristic cooperation that has spanned since the era of World War II. The author points out that the UnitedKingdom is the United States' largest customer and the United States is the country that invests the largest amount, each year, in the UnitedKingdom. The paper relates that the commonly held values of democracy and the inherently held beliefs in the freedom of speech, human rights and a similar legal system are the ties that bind the two countries inevitably together.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Background and History
Common Initiatives - Joint Investments
Conclusion
From the Paper "The United States was once under British rule and in fact the American Revolution was fought for the purpose of removing the U.S. Colonies from the rule of the British. The American Revolution was fought and independence was won establishing America as an independent and separate nation from Great Britain but only after a grueling war. Great Britain was determined to keep the Colonies under British rule and after an attack on Charleston and lives having been lost the colonists stated their intentions in a document entitled "Declaration of the Causes and Necessities to Take up Arms" and the action to break away from what most considered to be their mother country began. It has been stated in history that most of the colonists identified with the British and that many of the colonists considered themselves to be Britons."
Tags: language, independence, economy, democracy, rights
Abstract The Islamic banking industry has not been confined to Muslim countries alone but has spread to important finance centers in Europe, the United States of America and the Far East. In contrast to what those in the UnitedKingdom might consider traditional banking, Islamic banking derives its rules and practices from religious sources. Having recognized this, one should understand that Islamic banking truly is in a developmental stage pertaining to the interaction between Western financial practices, which are based, in large part, on the role of interest, and the dictates of the Qur'an and the Islamic Prophet Mohammed, which together are interpreted to forbid interest.
This study discusses the topic of Islamic banking in the UnitedKingdom. In this paper, the research problem, objectives, hypothesis and significance of the study are presented. The method and limitations are presented as well, as is a review of the literature and other important information that is necessary for a complete and thorough understanding of the study.
Paper Outline:
Chapter I:
Introduction
Background
Statement of the Problem
Definition of Terms
Purpose of the Study
Significance of the Study
Scope and Limitations of the Study
Research Questions
Overview of the Study
Chapter II:
Review of the Literature
Chapter III:
Methodology
Research Design and Approach
Population and Sample
Collection and Tabulation of Data
Data Analysis Procedure
Reliability and Validity of the Data
Survey Instruments
Chapter IV:
Analysis of the Data
Chapter V:
Summary, Recommendations and Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper "It is very difficult, still, to find banks that are Shari'a compliant in Western countries. Most of the Islamic 'Banks' are not recognized by the regulating bodies of specific countries and therefore they are not really considered banks by those that are Non-Islamic (Chapra, 1992). The Institute of Islamic Banking and Insurance, however, is aware of the challenges that would be faced by a Shan'a-compliant bank in the Western world (Kuran, 1997). Having to work around the regulations placed on them by a non-Muslim government has been hampering the growth of many Islamic Banks in Non-Islamic nations and has a strong effect on how well these banks can perform (Patrikis, 1996)."
An overview of the legal profession in the UnitedKingdom, focusing on the differences between solicitors and barristers as well as how the profession differs from the legal profession in the US.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, 2006, $ 53.95
Abstract This essay discusses the legal system in the UnitedKingdom. It mainly focuses on the difference between barristers and solicitors. It defines the two and gives the names of the courts where each practice. Furthermore, it discusses the push to fuse the two together as it is in the United States, telling the reader the role the Lord Chancellor has played in moving the two professions into one.
From the Paper "In the United States, attorneys provide legal counsel for those who seek it throughout all stages of the legal system. In the United Kingdom, however, what we consider attorneys are divided into two categories, barristers and solicitors. The two branches of the legal profession, although both doing work that American attorneys would do, serve different functions in the legal system of the United Kingdom. This paper will be used to examine the structure of the legal system in the United Kingdom, stating the differences between barristers and solicitors. Furthermore, I will give an opinion as to whether the legal system of the United Kingdom should be fused into one or left as two distinct professions; I will also state what the Lord Chancellor has done to promote more similarity and overlap between the barrister and solicitor professions."
An in-depth study of the pedagogical and curricula implications of flexible learning environments and their related technologies on post-16 year old non-compulsory education in the UnitedKingdom.
Abstract This paper provides a comprehensive look at various programs of non-compulsory education for adults - over 16 years of age - in the UnitedKingdom. The paper discusses different population groups that these studies attract. The internet and associated technology is examined in relation to these educational endeavors, illustrating and explaining the concept of the virtual learning environment. The paper also describes distance learning. The pros and cons of these learning programs are detailed in the paper.
From the Paper "VLEs take the use of the computer one step further; placing a wide variety of functionalities in one easily accessed area. A prototypical VLE may include such one-way communication tools as a central noticeboard, a course outline, class lists and student homepages, an online assignment page, a multimedia area, and a means to upload files. Using the noticeboard, the instructor can notify students of upcoming deadlines, make arrangements for simultaneous discussions, and other necessary communications. The course outline can be structured with hyperlinks to take the student directly to the assignment pages, as the class list can be linked to student e-mail addresses or homepages. The multimedia area, as discussed fully below, can deliver information in a means that takes full advantage of the web as a communication tool."
Tags: internet, virtual, distance, learning, teachers, vocational, college, university
Abstract This paper addresses social, industrial, infrastructural, and economic issues that give evidence of growing concern among those who live in the UnitedKingdom about the real state of the strength of the nation. In this tertiary analysis, there are countless clues as to the real state of affairs that give, at least, some credence to the individual, bound by gross personal debt and afraid for the future. The paper examines why the numbers players continue to call the U.K. one of the strongest nations in the world and whether a general decline in all nations, comparatively, has given the U.K. a shining star for strength only because so many other nations are sinking economically, socially, and industrially.
From the Paper "Yet, despite the fact that the UK has set historical precedence in the area of crime statistics, the comparative data is still relied upon as an indicator of the nations health. It can be proven without a doubt that international comparisons are mute in a situation where statistics are not congruent, yet they are, another example of the ways in which statistics can cover any problem with a translucent bandage. Critics of the new crime programme find fault in its ability to spin statistics to make the crime rates look as if they are going down when they are clearly not."
Abstract The UnitedKingdom has long been revered for its supreme educational structure. The country has always believed that headmasters play a vital role in ensuring that educational institutions provide students with the best instruction possible. More specifically, the Labor Party has initiated a policy of "superheadism". The paper describes the aforementioned initiative and discusses what role it plays in fostering school improvement. In addition, the paper explores other education initiatives that have been wrought by the Labor Party. The likely success or failure of the "superheadism" initiative is presented in the paper.
From the Paper "According to an article found in the journal, Education, the super head initiative was brought about by the labor party as a response to the educational atmosphere that they inherited from the Tories. When the Labour party came into power, the educational situation in the United Kingdom was in great need of repair (Marshall, 2001). According to the article, teachers' salaries were declining and the overall expenditures for education were also decreasing (Marshall, 2001). The article explains that for this reason Prime Minister Tony Blair named education as a top priority for the labour party (Marshall, 2001). The author also explains that the conditions at many schools were deplorable as teachers were forced to teach in overcrowded classrooms and buildings were falling apart (Marshall, 2001)."
