Abstract This paper provides an evaluation of the study, "Creating a Peaceful School Learning Environment: A Controlled Study of an Elementary School Intervention to Reduce Violence" by S.W. Twemlow, P. Fonagy, F.C. Sacco, M.L. Gies, R. Evans and R. Ewbank. The paper explains why Tyler's objectives-based evaluationmodel is the most suitable method of assessing this case study.
Outline:
Introduction
Summary of the Program EvaluationModel Salient Variables in the Evaluation Process
Operationalism of Outcome Variables
Research Methodologies
Data Analytic Strategy
Feedback
Sustainability of Program
From the Paper "The process used to identify salient variables for the evaluation phase is achieved through establishing set standards that are prioritized above other potential outcomes. These are identified as the objectives in the evaluation process. The criteria and standards of a program are taken into consideration. Specifically, Twemlow, Fonagy, Sacco, Gies, Evans, and Ewbank's (2001) efforts can be transformed into salient variables through identifying the purpose of the program and the rationale that is used as its foundation."
Abstract In this article the writer looks at the CIPP evaluationmodel, created by Daniel Stufflebeam. The writer explains that context, input, product and process evaluation are all critical concepts related to Stuffelbeam's model. The writer points out that Stufflebeam's early model, introduced in 1966 and later revised in 1977 suggests that the need for process and product evaluations were important. Further, the writer discusses how Stufflebeam focuses on effecting sustainable improvements in the educational system that may be enjoyed over the long rather than the short term. The writer notes that the primary focus of the model includes providing timely evaluation reports that are designed to evaluate various programs' long term goals and results. The writer concludes that the CIPP model developed by Stufflebeam is best reserved for formative evaluations but may also be useful for summative evaluations.
Outline:
Introduction
Review of Model Conclusions
From the Paper "Stufflebeam's model is unique in that not only does it define the procedures that educational facilities and administrators can adopt to effectively select, implement and evaluate the outcomes of a proposed method or procedure, but also later provides administrators and teachers with the tools necessary to evaluate how successful they are at each stage of the modeling process. This is evidenced by Stufflebeam's later development of a checklist to assess or complement the CIPP model. The checklist designed by Stufflebeam may be used in conjunction with the model to provide the best possible outcome to educational administrators and authorities."
Abstract This paper analyzes the theme of Royall Tyler's play "The Contrast."
From the Paper "Royall Tyler's play "The Contrast" was the first performed American play and as such its theme is distinctly American. At a time when the country was struggling to carve out a national identity, Tyler articulated what American character truly was and why the nation could be proud of its distinct culture. By utilizing the genre of comedy and satire he was able to point out the pretentiousness of the European lifestyle, while illustrating the superiority of America's more simple ways."
Abstract This paper presents an thorough study of public relations (PR) evaluations. It explains what PR evaluations are, the importance of the evaluations, and explains the different types of PR evaluations and the techniques used. The paper also provides evaluationmodels, case studies, and theories.
What is PR Evaluation?
Importance of PR Evaluation Types of Evaluation Formative and Summative Evaluations Inputs, Outputs and Outcomes
Techniques of PR Evaluation EvaluationModels Other Theories
Objectives of Public Relations and PR Evaluations Barriers to Evaluation Case Studies and Theories
Effective Measures
From the Paper "The evaluation debate in public relations focuses on media evaluation, as PR efforts aim to obtain is media coverage. As a result, press clippings and transcripts/tapes serve as evidence of that activity. However, it is important to understand that media evaluation must be kept in context, because it actually only examines the process of public relations evaluation, not the result."
Abstract In this paper, the writer explains the specific layers of the ADDIE instructional design model, namely, the processes of analysis, design, development, implementation and finally, evaluation. The writer also discusses the personal value he has experienced in implementing the ADDIE model in the design and modification of his courses.
From the Paper "ADDIE is a well-known instructional design model that has been utilized mostly in the academic fields but variations have been integrated in other planning and design models by subject matter experts (SMEs) in many different specialties. While it is not an instructional system per se - such as those discussed in the textbook for this course - the design model is an integral component used when developing aspects of Instructional System Development (ISD). The processes used in the ADDIE model aid designers in incorporating cognitive, constructive, and behaviorist elements in order to analyze the possible success or failure of their system designs. They also allow for easier management and evaluation of those processes to ensure that the programs designed are allowed to grow with the needs of the subject matter and the students."
Abstract The paper compares the 9 step model to the decision tree in terms of advantages and disadvantages, as well as the approach to problems presented. The paper defines what the decision tree is and looks at how, in terms of a managerial or work-related decisions, the decision trees are useful. The decision trees clearly state out different courses of action, as related to different variables and restraints that may appear. The paper looks at the advantages of using a decision tree when making a decision. By comparing the two different models, the paper concludes that the decision tree is actually part of the 9 step model as the 9 step model is more complete in its approach.
From the Paper "The decision tree starts with listing the decision that needs to be made , listed at the top of the tree. Each possible solution that can be adopted depending on different variables will form different branches of the decision tree. Each branch may carry its own ramifications, if, for example, each solution brings about new conditional variables (for example, an organization may have to decide on either launching a new product or consolidating the existing one, but launching a new product can be done either through innovation or through purchasing an existing line from a competitor). Each of the branches will have a measurable outcome, evaluated in term of cost, profitability, increase in market share etc. Each outcome will have attached an estimated probability that it will happen. Multiplying the probability with the outcome value for each node will allow us to have, in the end, a final score for each of the possible decisions and numerically evaluate the options."
Abstract The Consumer Advocacy Model Program (CAM) is a substance abuse program offered by the Substance Abuse Resources and Disabilities Issues program (SARDI) and the University Medical Services Association. It is a consumer-oriented program, with a team approach. This paper is an on-site evaluation and review of CAM. The paper argues that CAM does provide a valuable resource for the disabled population, but the success rate needs improvement before it can be called a viable treatment provider.
From the Paper "The person that I interviewed was Melissa Jones, CCDC-IIIE, clinical director at the program. Ms. Jones has a number of different certifications and professional qualifications, including a Masters of Rehabilitation Counseling (MRC). Program and Services Provided CAM is a consumer-oriented outpatient program that is also community based. According to the website, this program offers a large number of services to its clients, including "advocacy, support, case management, vocational services, and chemical dependency treatment for people with disabilities who are concurrently experiencing alcohol or other drug-use problems" (What is CAM?, 2003, par. 2)."
Abstract This paper discusses how pain is a global problem that affects all people during their life and how poorly treated pain is a major concern for the millions of Americans currently suffering with pain. It looks at how heath care strives to deliver optimal care and treat patients effectively and how the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has developed pain management quality standards that must be implemented by all health care organizations to be accredited. It shows how providers need help to integrate these standards for optimal pain management and how conceptual models developed by nursing theorists can be useful tools to guide clinical practice. In particular, it explores Orem's Self-Care Framework, Neuman's System Model, and Roy's Adaptation Model as examples of conceptual models that can be used to analyze possible approaches to solving health care problems and clinical concerns.
From the Paper "Roy's Model guides pain management with a nursing process, which includes a behavioral assessment, a stimuli assessment, nursing diagnosis, goal setting, plans for implementation, and evaluation. Each step takes into consideration the patient's perceptions and desires into account. Behavioral assessment is completed keeping in mind the four modes of adaptation. The four modes of adaptation are physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence. This allows for a systematic and holistic approach in recognizing the patients? right to proper pain assessment. In the physiological mode, a thorough assessment investigates the underlying disease process of the pain. Once treatment is implemented for the illness or injury causing pain, the focus moves into the actual elimination of pain."
Tags: self, care, framework, system, model, adaptation
Abstract This paper compares and contrasts Herbert Packer's two models of the justice system, the Due Process Model and the Crime Control Model. The paper argues that both are constitutional but have different goals and objectives.
Tags: Herbert Packer, Due Process Model, Crime Control Model
Abstract This paper applies the Gibbs Reflective Model to a hypothetical clinical encounter. The writer explains that the Gibbs Reflection Model is one of several procedures that allow a professional nurse to assess professional competence through the analysis of a clinical encounter. The writer discusses the attributes of the Gibbs Reflection Model, that is a six element cycle through which a professional service deliverer can identify, reflect on and assess professional competency. A clinical encounter is assessed in this paper through application of the Gibbs Reflective Model in a professional nursing scenario.
Abstract The present health care system is in urgent need of radical overhaul. This paper presents a model health care system that offers an alternative to a white male dominated biomedical model, which maintains and reinforces social inequality and social injustice. This model is comprehensive and inclusive. It is a model that evolved from one main question about what determines the health of individuals and communities in Canada.
From the Paper "As government officials and many members of the public are aware, I am an activist and advocate for Native rights. Through my collaboration with First Nations on unresolved land claims and health issues, I am firmly convinced that Native health and the health of other minority groups will not improve until the underlying conditions for these groups are changed."
Abstract This paper examines one particular economic model, the aggregate supply-aggregate demand model, both as an abstract economic model and as a way of helping to predict in a rational fashion the direction that the U.S. economy may be taking in the future.
From the Paper "Those of us who are not economists may tend to think of such terms as "aggregate supply" or even "recession" as vaguely incantatory ? words that conjure up not ways to describe rational if complex (and therefore in many ways unpredictable) process but the dark arts of sorcery. But while economics is certainly not a precise natural science like chemistry (because the phenomenon involved are both so complicated and so subject to change because of different historical influences), it is of course a rational methodology through which to explain the ways in which various resources flow through the human community."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed comparison of two system models for the advanced nurse practitioner. A personal recommendation for use of a particular model is in included at end of paper.
From the Paper "This research compares and contrasts the Hodges' Health Career Care Domain Model Jones with Neuman's Health Care System Model. The initial and major discussion following this introduction identifies compares and contrasts the two models. The paper concludes with personal reflections on the two models with respect to insights and future areas of study."
Tags: Advanced nurse practitioners, system models, Hodges'Health Care Career domain, Neuman's Health Care system model
Abstract This paper presents a detailed comparison of two system models for the advanced nurse practitioner. The paper includes a personal recommendation for use of a particular model.
Tags: Advanced nurse practitioners, system models, Hodges'Health Care Career domain, Neuman's Health Care system model
Abstract This paper integrates the nurse's role as teacher and educator with the Health Promotion Model. The paper addresses such issues as the client's need for health promotion, the professional nurse's role in teaching and learning, perceived barriers of the Health Promotion Model, and the integration of the nurse's role and the Health Promotion Model.
From the Paper "The role of the nurse is ever-evolving in today's health-care arena. Long seen as merely an assistant role, and one that did not necessitate responsibility, it has now become a role of being a teacher and educator. One of the main theories that is leading the way in health care today is that of the Health Promotion Model. This model envisions a way for those seeking health care to promote and better their own health and lifestyles. These two ideas, the nurse as teacher and the Health Promotion Model, converge."
