Abstract This paper examines how many communities have been able to improve their tourism levels effectively in recent years. It particularly focuses on the Northern Territory's (Australia) strategic plan for tourism 2003 to 2007 and how it has accomplished its goals. It analyzes their strategic plan according to the insights and trends identified in a critical review of the peer-reviewed and scholarly literature.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Background and Overview
Strategic TourismManagement Considerations for the Northern Territory
Guidelines for Developing Effective TourismManagement Programs
Conclusion
From the Paper "The research showed that the Northern Territory of Australia represents a challenge for policymakers seeking to introduce sustainable tourism development initiatives into a potentially fragile cultural environment. The NT Tourism Strategic Plan was shown to be a comprehensive and ambitious initiative designed to provide this region with a wide range of developmental programs that can serve to promote employment and living standards for the large percentage of indigenous people living there. The research also showed, though, that such development initiatives must be approached thoughtfully to avoid harming the very things about a particular region that make it attractive to niche travelers in the first place, and this is especially the case with the people of the Northern Territory today."
This paper discusses the development of the tourism industry in the Gulf States including the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Yemen, Oman and Kuwait.
Abstract This paper explains that the Gulf States countries realize that they can not continue to sustain their economies based on crude oil; therefore, they have identified the tourism industry as a viable option for the economy of the region. The author points out that the success of the tourism industry is dependent on regional stability, which is a problem in the Arabian Peninsula. The paper relates that tourism industry is labor-intensive; however, in the Persian Gulf region, the native population density is low, and skilled and trained workforces are generally imported from around the world. Maps.
Table of Content
Introduction
Introduction and Overview
Problem Statement
Importance of this Study
Definition of Terms
Limitations
Overview of this Study
Literature Review on TourismManagement Overview of the Tourism Industry
Needs of the Tourism Industry
Identifying Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats
Political map
The United Arab Emirates
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Bahrain
Yemen
Oman
Kuwait
Need for Sustainable Development
Different Types of Tourism Marketing the Region to the Rest of the World
Supporting Tourism The External Factors in the Persian Gulf affecting the Tourism Industry
Political Analysis of the Persian Gulf Region
Economic Analysis
Social Analysis
Technological Analysis
Legal Environment
Environmental Analysis
Competitive Analysis of the Market
Internal Rivalry
Barriers to Entry
Substitutes and Compliments
Buyer Power
Bargaining Powers of Suppliers
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
Summary
From the Paper "In 2002, WTTC organized the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg, South Africa to identify the important factors and constraints that are facing the travel and tourism industry. (WTTC) Tremendous amounts of resources and investments are made by the private sector in the travel and tourism industry. The private sector is always driven by the need to generate profits and revenue for the organization making the investments at the same time these entities are expected to practice responsible behavior and observe the laws and regulation of the region within which they conduct business and behave ethically and morally in the region. Long term planning and resource development is also essential. It does not make financial sense for a corporation to build a multibillion dollar resort only to have to abandon it ten years down the road if the corporation has not been able to maintain the integrity and environment in which the resort operates. "
Abstract This paper examines the hospitality industry, one of the largest industries in both global and national contexts. It looks at how the industry is composed of fifteen segments including lodging (hotels), commercial food service (restaurants and catering), institutional food service, casinos, cruise lines, travel agency services, event services, convention hosting, arena services, sport complex management, resorts, parks, clubs, tourism and transportation services related to the other segments of the industry. It show how this complex industry accounts for more jobs, sales and tax revenues than any other single industry in most countries and how the segments of the hospitality industry are interdependent and rely on one another for overall success.
Outline
Introduction
Defining Hospitality
Importance of Industry
Structure of Text
Tourism, Travel and the Hospitality Industry
Status of the Industry
Importance to Hospitality
Agency Relations Trends
Property Development
Development
Design
Acquisition and Financing
Creating Value
Brand Management Franchising
International Operations
Tourism, Travel and the Hospitality Industry
Status of the Industry
Importance to Hospitality
Agency Relations
Trends
Property Development
Development
Design
Acquisition and Financing
Creating Value
Brand Management Franchising
International Operations
Strategic Management Industry Relationships
External Environment
Importance of Change
Planning
Finance Management Revenue Control
Yield Management Cost Control
Financial Statement Analysis
Balance Sheet
Income Statement
Cash Flow Statement
Legal Issues
Contract Law
Liability Exposure
Diversity Issues
Discrimination Law
Employment Law
Information Management Computer Systems
Data Management Data Analysis and Application
Operational Technology
Check-In and Check-Out
Security Technology
Guest-Oriented Technology
Guest Room
Technology
Special Facilities
Operations Management Security and Loss Prevention
Sanitation Issues
Maintenance Management Energy Management Organizational Management Organizational Structure
Organizational Behavior
Organizational Communication
Organization of Work
Human Resource Management Functions
Recruitment and Retention
Compensation Management Marketing Management Planning
Strategy Development
Promotion
Sales Management Developing Customer Value
Lodging Management Food and Beverage Management Casino Management Event Management Conventions
Conferences
Resort Management Professional Standards
Codes of Conduct
Best Practices
Benchmarking
From the Paper "In 1988, tourism once again began a rise. This time, however, the crisis in the Middle East that eventually erupted into the Gulf War brought tourism to a screeching halt. When the Gulf War ended, tourism was once again expected to begin a growth phase. By that time, however, the United States had entered into another economic recession, and economic activity in most of the other industrial nations had begun to slow. At that time, recovery in the travel industry was not expected to occur until the mid-1990s."
Abstract This paper examines how heritage tourism is one of the fastest-growing tourism types in the world today. It focuses on the heritage tourism market in Australia, including a discussion on the heritage tourists themselves. In addition, it reviews and assesses current Australian heritage resources, as well as the management of successful heritage tourism sites. It also evaluates the best way to maintain sustainable heritage tourism within Australia through the examination of a specific case study of Kakadu National Park. It demonstrates that, with proper maintenance and care, the heritage tourism market can thrive and can be an extremely useful tool in teaching future generations, both indigenous and foreign, about the country and the people who have made that country great.
From the Paper "In addition to the evaluation of specific sites, there is also important value in understanding the heritage themes that deem areas to be considered a cultural site. The Australian heritage Commission identifies nine main themes for heritage resources, each of which includes a host of sub themes. The main themes are the evolution of the environment, the indigenous populations, the development of local, regional, and state economy, the construction of settlements and towns, Australian work environments, education, government, cultural, and phases of life. Within each theme are sub themes such as historical people involved, the evolution of the main theme, and historical references to main points within each theme (Australian Heritage Commission, 2001, 3)."
Abstract This paper defines the term "operations management" and explains how this type of management came about. It talks about how operations management, at one time applied only to products, now applies to services as well. This change has allowed the tourism and hospitality industries to rely on operations management, even though its original concept of derived from production environments. The paper goes on to discuss the way operations management is utilized in the tourism and hospitality industries and why it is so important to these industries. The case of Marriott International is used to illustrate the points made by the paper.
From the Paper "During the 20th century, management was considered to be the domain of those at the top of the company making decisions and strategizing for the short and long term. With the emergence of the scientific management school of Frederick Taylor and Henry Ford, a new breed of managers became dominant in organizations. Over the years, the trend changed to give rise to a new school of management that would allow the top management to oversee the staffs while they are working as well as resolve problems and issues on the spot. The basic premise had been to allow decision makers to interact with staffs in their day to day activity and be able to fully realize the implication of their decisions."
Abstract This paper explores the strategies and methods used in the hotel industry when targeting a more mature demographic as well as the importance of increasing nationalism despite the political situation around the world. There are several important factors to recognize in the aging population and its travel activities such as price, convenience and location. The writer of this paper details the key priorities for strategic hotel management including the importance in satisfying the customer regardless of age or nationality. The writer also considers the scope of the mature traveler's impact on strategic hotel management and marketing.
Topics covered in this paper include:
Introduction and Overview
The Effects of the Aging Population on Tourism and the Hotel Industry
Growing Nationalism
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "For the aging population, a reduction in room charges may also be a means of getting more business from elderly travelers. It is important that, when reservations are made, that the reservations clerk confirm if a Senior Discount applies. There are, of course, many travel professionals who specialize in creating tours for senior citizens, and these bookings would normally inform the hotel about such discounts."
Abstract The paper examines how a rise in tourism in certain areas eventually affects the environment of the place, causing problems. The paper uses several examples of places around the globe where tourists frequently spend their time and shows how this trend has affects the environment. Places and problems examined include soil erosion in the Philippines due the the higher demand for flush toilets, the death of seagulls in Lancaster, PA, who mistake mass parking lots for water sources and the loss of firewood in Nepal due to the over-use by hikers. The paper also explores ways in which the tourism industry can strive to become more environmentally friendly to avoid problems in the future.
From the Paper "Without a precise zoning guideline, residents and developers can cross usages and designs without regard to the bigger picture. For example, a resort could go in next to a farm. In Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, for example, a farm was sold and used for an outlet center. The farm had been located at a major intersection so it was a prime commercial site. However, now the traffic there is astronomical. The foot traffic has increased as well. The pollution level has been raised greatly. The number of accidents at that intersection has risen. Farmland has been lost."
Abstract This paper is a concise critical evaluation of the extent of sustained competitive advantage a firm can attain with the astute use of internal resources. The paper presents the thesis statement of the paper to outline the argument of the paper, followed by a literature review. The review of literature outlines the significance of the topic, the various internal resources available to tourism/hospitality organizations, and the efficient employment of these resources towards the goal of competitive advantage in light of management theories. An analysis by the author follows the literature review to critically analyze the extent of competitive advantage from an astute use of internal resources.
From the Paper "The tourism and hospitality industries are operating in a global environment. The extent of globalization introduces the organization working in the industry to compete beyond borders, besides the competition faced from within the local market. Therefore organizations need to be highly competitive to get hold of a greater share of consumers in the global markets. However, tourism and hospitality industries are sensitive to global fluctuations in demand and conditions (such as travel safety and seasonal shifts). Keeping this under consideration, organizations need to strengthen the use of their internal resources to solidify their operations in the fierce competition. This generates the need for organization to realize the importance of efficiently utilizing their internal resources towards organizational objectives."
Abstract This paper provides a a step by step account of how Carnival Cruise Lines has earned the dominant position they have today in the tourism industry through strategic alliances, marketing and how they have used technology to leverage their competitive advantage. It focuses on their efforts in four areas: being family orientated; being environmentally friendly; convenience and customer service; and their affiliations and strategic initiatives and shows how through these efforts customers stay loyal and come back in the future on one of their other cruises.
From the Paper "Carnival Cruise management have a strong ability to recognize social trends such as the need for short 3-5 day vacations (mini-vacations) and have invested in travel and tourism related companies to help them offer the best vacation in that short time period. For example, Carnival purchased Cunard Line Limted And Airtows PLC to help compliment their cruises with land activities. This is given Carnival the ability to fully control and create packages for three different adventure categories that are truly unique to Carnival such as Dog Sledding in Alaska. Management has also been able to align itself with companies such as Universal Studio?s."
This paper examines how the tourism industry is turning to technology to build relationships and loyalty with their customers. This paper focuses on three areas: 1) database marketing 2) use of internet and email and 3) emerging trends.
Abstract The report focuses on three items and their impact on the tourism industry. First, how database and loyalty marketing has helped relationship marketing. Second, how Internet and email has affected how customers search for information and purchase. Third, best practices and trends used by companies to gain a competitive advantage in their industry.
From the Paper "Information systems are helping businesses better target their marketing efforts by storing information from customers received from surveys, invoice information, forms and contest giveaways. This allows Managers to execute complex communications programs that reinforce their name and build brand loyalty. Business owners know that to stay in business, some customers have to become repeat and loyal customers. According to an article in Ecom World (Shelton, 1999), customer loyalty is critical for three reasons:
1. Loyal, repeat customers cost less in marketing, support and advertising
2. Positive word-of-mouth from loyal customers brings new customers
3. Customers that have a poor experience will tell others."
Tags: computer, hotel, information, loyalty, management, systems
Abstract This paper is a concise critical evaluation of the extent to which a firm can attain a sustained competitive advantage with the astute use of internal resources. The paper contains a thesis statement and a literature review. The literature review outlines the significance of the topic, the various internal resources available to tourism / hospitality organizations, and the efficient employment of these resources. The review is followed by the author's analysis of the relationship between competitive advantage and astute use of internal resources.
From the Paper "Broadly categorizing these resources leaves us with two variations: external and internal resources. Whereas tourism and hospitability-related organizations are heavily dependant upon shifts and adaptations in external factors and resources, the internal resources are what ultimately determine the competitive advantage of these organizations. The organizations must manage their internal resources most efficiently in order to meet the challenges posed by the external operating conditions of these industries. Therefore it can be suggested that the astute use of internal resources are what gives a firm sustained competitive advantage."
Tags: tourists, travel, adventure, global, environment, information, technology, management, theory
Abstract This paper presents an overview of health care and health scare problems that have, or could occur at any of the destinations that the staff of a travel agency book for their clients. The paper examines the plans they have now in place to handle any and all problems, whether health-related, stress-related or due to some unfortunate occurrence. The procedure for shortening or cancelling a cruise, voyage or other tour is discussed.
Outline
General Overview
Reports of the Center for Disease Control (CDC)
Handling Health Emergencies at Hotels, Recreational Areas, Cruise Ships, Aircraft
Priority Action When Problems Arise for Our Clients
A Suggested One-Page Form for all Our Travel Clients- Domestic or International
Our Professionalism is Always at Stake
From the Paper "While there are more travel opportunities- and people who can afford travel now- and while science and health are priorities at nearly every part of the world, still there are unforeseen health problems that have arisen, and will continue to arise that can cause problems to the innocent traveler. Therefore, as those responsible for setting up itineraries and tours, we must be ready to implement any and all emergency plans related to health problems. "2o Million Americans travel internationally every year...At my business we organize and lead 120 tours a year every year for the last twenty...and we've dealt with the understandable concerns of loved ones..." Much of the concern may be about possible acts of terrorism, especially in crowded areas as well as some of the less-traveled hinterlands of overseas nations. To really bring the health problem current, as this memo is written (Feb. 21, 2000) an Associated Press report in newspapers mentions a new "Mad Cow" disease outbreak in France. This is "the seventh since the beginning of the year...Authorities have said that new cases of mad cow disease will break out in France until 2001, five years after stringent prevention measures were taken, which has an average incubation period of five years.""
Discusses the feelings of the people of Mexico regarding tourism during the holiday, Day of the Dead, based on Lucero Morales Cano and Avis Mysyk's article "Cultural tourism, the State, and the Day of the Dead".
Abstract The paper is a review of an article entitled "Cultural tourism, the State, and the Day of the Dead", which the writer find particularly relevant to him because of his plans to observe Day of the Dead celebrations during an upcoming visit to Mexico. The paper then relates the emotions of the writer prior to an intended visit to Mexico during the "Day of the Dead " celebrations, noting that there is a conflict between the authorities who welcome tourism on this holiday and the civilians who see tourism as intrusion into a sacred historical ritual and oppose it being promoted as a tourist attraction. The paper also explains that the community is divided on the subject, as many recognize the economic importance of tourism.
From the Paper "These dynamics are evident in Mexico, particularly concerning how to mediate the conflict between the state and local residents over the tourist attraction that Day of the Dead festivities have become because of globalization. Cano and Mysyk have studied the problems which have arisen in the village of Huaquechula since 1988, when the one road leading into the village was paved for the benefit of tourists and the village became a part of the tourism circuit. In the process of studying the impact of these developments, Mysyk surveyed the villagers regarding their appreciation of the presence of tourists, their behavior, their feelings about tourists photographing or videotaping altars, and related issues."
Abstract This paper reviews the global tourism industry as one of the largest transnational industries of the modern world. In networks stretching from the richest and most developed nations of the global north, to the poorest developing nations of the global south, the tourism industry employs millions of people with annual revenues in the billions of dollars. The paper further discusses how this industry is particularly significant in the economies of many poorer countries, such as those of the Caribbean basin, where the revenues provided from tourism are frequently - as in the case of Jamaica - the primary source of foreign exchange for the country.
Abstract This paper is an argumentative discussion of sex tourism. It discusses the sources of demand that drive it and the government inactivity that permits it to thrive. The paper examines the problem of the sex tourism business targeting women and children in the poorest countries.
From the Paper "A working definition of sex tourism is tourism partially or fully for the purpose of having sex often with prostitutes. According to Jo Sargent writing for Geographical child sex tourism is a deeply uncomfortable subject. Many people are unaware of how widespread this practice is in many parts of the world and especially in the third world. However there are many people who are well aware of the problem and choose to ignore it. There are also many international travelers who are unsure of ..."
Tags: sex, child sex, sex trafficking, slavery, brothel, indifference, demand and supply, third world, hard currency, pedophile, sex tourism, sexcapades
