Abstract
The tourist industry is extremely volatile and vulnerable to extreme losses, particularly when natural disasters and other calamities strike a popular tourist destination. This paper discusses natural disasters and the concept of calamity, and focuses on their impact on the tourism industry, particularly the hospitality industry. Using case studies, this paper clearly shows the impact of these disasters on economies relying on tourism as a mainstay of their financial foundation. Additionally, this paper discusses strategies employed by some of the hardest hit areas in an effort to re-establish their tourism and hospitality base.

From the Paper
"With the waterfront destroyed, and with the vast amount of debris, even those whose fishing boats were not completely destroyed are unable to provide the fish for tourists throughout the rest of Thailand. Further problems in this area of tourism stem from the problems or concerns associated with the diets of the fish caught near Thailand. As the tsunami swept bodies into the ocean, it is likely that at least some fed on those bodies, creating a high possibility for vast epidemics of disease if eaten (Bindloss, 2005). Since a large attraction for tourists to Thailand was the cultural dining and atmosphere, such a devastating consequence will deter still more tourists from visiting this area."

Tags:tsunami, earthquake, terrorism, accommodation, UNESCAP

Abstract
The paper argues that sex tourism abuses its product, in the sense that foreigners come to the country and abuse women, men and even children. The paper asserts that it is also disrespectful of local cultures and traditions, as no cultures and traditions support prostitution and child prostitution. Finally, the paper believes that it does not benefit the residents at all, but instead exploits them. Therefore, the paper argues that sustainable tourism should do all it can to combat sex tourism.

From the Paper
"Sex tourism abuses its product, in the sense that foreigners come to the country and abuse women, men and even children. It is also disrespectful of local cultures and traditions, as no cultures and traditions support prostitution and child prostitution. Finally, it does not benefit the residents at all, but instead exploits them. Therefore, sustainable tourism should do all it can to combat sex tourism. Some ideas have been proposed to make this happen, even though sex tourism is so widespread. These should be applied in Kenya, where sex tourism is an especially serious problem."

Tags:kenya, prostitution, tourism

Abstract
This paper examines several articles on the factors that will challenge the travel and tourism industry in the future. The paper shows how travel and tourism in some areas of the world is facing great challenges, specifically due to global climate change and the present world economic outlook. The paper, however, concludes that establishments who make the right decisions in their marketing mix are likely to realize a growth in the future due to travelers looking for ways to cut costs. The paper also notes that eco-tourism is likely to experience a boom in the years to come.

Outline:
Introduction
Summary of Articles
Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Tourism is reported to be growing worldwide after several years of slowed growth which is believed to be attributed to the incident of September 11, 2001. Eco-Tourism is one sector experiencing rapid growth because today's tourists desire the 'experience' of travel and do not mind paying more for this. Travelers today are looking for "authenticity, inspiration and rejuvenation" according to the Tourism Alliance (2009). One report states that the United National "is being urged to introduce an international registration system to power Fairtrade Tourism to new levels in sub-Saharan Africa." (Tourism Directory, 2009) This type of system would ensure that fair-trade claims are true when these types of claims are made. All areas of the world are not reporting positive trends in travel and tourism and one such location is the Caribbean due to a downturn in economics."

Tags:eco-tourism, hospitality, economics, climate, change

Abstract
The paper discusses how contemporary mass tourism, in the context of neoliberal globalization, is a multibillion transnational industry whose marketing of countries, cultures and human bodies as commodities of production and sale interweaves a range of complex racialized and gendered stereotypes. The paper suggests that perhaps in no part of the world is this function of transnational tourism so visible for study as in the Caribbean; a region "universally invoked as a signifier of sun, sand and sea hedonistic holiday experiences" (Daye 19). The paper shows how many countries of the Caribbean have been successfully marketed by the global tourism industry as neo-colonial "economies of pleasure" where local populations service male and female tourists from North America and Western Europe (Kempadoo 24).

From the Paper
"Contemporary mass tourism, in the context of neoliberal globalization, is a multibillion transnational industry whose marketing of countries, cultures and human bodies as commodities of production and sale interweaves a range of complex racialized and gendered stereotypes. Perhaps in no part of the world is this function of transnational tourism so visible for study as in the Caribbean; a region "universally invoked as...""

Tags:tourism, jamaica, sex

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the Hong Kong market and its tourism industry from a professional tourism point of view. The writer notes that the Hong Kong market has long been synonymous with the business and financial set but it has also developed a substantial tourism industry.

From the Paper
"This document discusses the Hong Kong market and its tourism industry from a professional tourism point of view although, to some degree, this is not a readily defined segment. Hong Kong's tourism industry, based on the number of inbound air travelers over the first 10 months of 2006 was up by over 8% to approximately 20m unique visitors."

Tags:tourism

Abstract
A comprehensive discussion of tourism in Spain that covers different aspects of tourism and its impact on the country. The writer includes a description of the destination and a brief history; tourism resources and products; economic, social, and competitive factors affecting tourist flows; sustainability issues; and assessment of current marketing strategy.

From the Paper
"Spain continues to hold the second position in the world for both the number of tourists received after France and by total sales after the U S. Historically the tourism boom of the ..."

Tags:Seville, Canary Islands, Balearic Islands, Barcelona, eco-tourism, art, travel

Abstract
This paper is an argumentative discussion of sex tourism. It discusses the sources of demand that drive it and the government inactivity that permits it to thrive. The paper examines the problem of the sex tourism business targeting women and children in the poorest countries.

From the Paper
"A working definition of sex tourism is tourism partially or fully for the purpose of having sex often with prostitutes. According to Jo Sargent writing for Geographical child sex tourism is a deeply uncomfortable subject. Many people are unaware of how widespread this practice is in many parts of the world and especially in the third world. However there are many people who are well aware of the problem and choose to ignore it. There are also many international travelers who are unsure of ..."

Tags:sex, child sex, sex trafficking, slavery, brothel, indifference, demand and supply, third world, hard currency, pedophile, sex tourism, sexcapades

Abstract
The paper examines how a rise in tourism in certain areas eventually affects the environment of the place, causing problems. The paper uses several examples of places around the globe where tourists frequently spend their time and shows how this trend has affects the environment. Places and problems examined include soil erosion in the Philippines due the the higher demand for flush toilets, the death of seagulls in Lancaster, PA, who mistake mass parking lots for water sources and the loss of firewood in Nepal due to the over-use by hikers. The paper also explores ways in which the tourism industry can strive to become more environmentally friendly to avoid problems in the future.

From the Paper
"Without a precise zoning guideline, residents and developers can cross usages and designs without regard to the bigger picture. For example, a resort could go in next to a farm. In Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, for example, a farm was sold and used for an outlet center. The farm had been located at a major intersection so it was a prime commercial site. However, now the traffic there is astronomical. The foot traffic has increased as well. The pollution level has been raised greatly. The number of accidents at that intersection has risen. Farmland has been lost."

Tags:vegetation, rural, contaminated, eco-tourism, traffic, Urban, Environmental, Management

Abstract
The paper explains that a bilateral air transport agreement (ATA) is a convention signed by two countries by which they allow one another unrestricted civil aviation within their national boundaries. They grant each other rights to transport and take on and off, passengers, mail and cargo on their air route and territory. The paper discusses how such an agreement has both positive and negative effects, but the paper reveals that the positive outnumber the negative ones and make the contract beneficial for the development of the airline industry, economy, tourism and international relationships. The paper explains that the majority of the bilateral air service agreements must have been beneficial for both parties, since once they expired, new alliances were negotiated and formed.

Outline:
Executive Summary
Opinions and Arguments in Favor of the ATA
Rights Granted to the Parties by the ATA
Protection Issues
Unfair Competition
Monopoly
Protectionist Policies
War and Natural Calamities
Opinions and Arguments Against ATA
Restricted Pricing
Suggested Solution
Frequency on a Route
Offshoring jobs in the Airline Industry
Conclusions

From the Paper
"There are two main reasons that support the forming of bilateral air transport agreements. First, the governments of the countries involved in the alliance believe that an international agreement and partnership could help protect themselves from numerous enemies and unfair competition.
"The second argument has a rather administrative nature and it regards the air transport companies and the travelers. In this order of ideas, the airline companies would be granted access to several airports and would be able to compete on the air services market by promoting lower prices and higher quality. Clients would be able to choose from a wider range of air transport providers the company that best met their financial and quality demands. This way, customers would be able to choose "the lowest prices that are not discriminatory.""

Tags:aviation, convention, alliance, economy, tourism

Abstract
This paper examines how the airline industry is affected by market tendencies and externalities and how the the elasticity of demand in this industry is determined by the existence of other transportation means.
The paper notes the extreme instability of the airline industry and discusses the various factors affecting it. The impact of the market environment, volatile ticket prices, the cost of fuel, and calamities such as the tragic events of September 11, 2001 are all discussed in the paper. In addition, the paper discusses how the airline industry has taken advantage of living wage regulations to diminish its turnover rate and increase labor effectiveness.

From the Paper
"Externalities are very important in shaping supply and demand due to the fact that the airline industry is a direct creation of market requirements. After the September 11th tragedy a decrease in airline travel was noticed by specialists, mostly because of safety concerns. At times when there is an enormous boost in tariffs, the cost of tickets grows in view of the fact that there is a clear relationship amid supply and demand. When there is a decreased employment rate, and when there is a strong dollar, citizens are inclined to travel more."

Tags:tourism, wage inequality, transportation business Delta government