Abstract In this paper, the author uses various examples to demonstrate the impact television has had on youth violence. The author discusses the problems associated with television viewing, identifies violence on television, portrays the effects of televisionviolence on younger people, and reveals ways to reduce violence on television. This paper explores these topics by using multiple statistics, by including the views of several public officials and authors, and through the author's views as well
From the Paper "A study by Leonard Eron began in 1963 and was one of the longest termed studies to take place. Eron began his study by assessing the development of aggression in third graders, eight year olds, in a small upstate New York Town. In the course of the study, he asked children to report on their television viewing and other things they liked to do, as well as their ratings of aggression of other children."
Abstract The following paper examines the link between gender stereotypes and the difference in attitudes towards television is demonstrated. The history of the televisionviolence issue is presented.
From the paper:
?Another aspect to the problem of determining if gender differences exist in reference to aggression and televisionviolence is to examine if the shows and advertising themselves portray gender stereotypes. Calvert and Huston attempted to answer this question in a 1987 study. They concluded that men are often portrayed as being more powerful and competent than women and are shown in more typically male occupations.?
Tags:Violence, Television, discussion, aggression, role, arousal, theory, Social, Learning, Theory
Abstract This literature review is all about televisionviolence and the effects on youth. The author attempts to examine whether television consumption cause children to imitate behavior. The author includes an examination of how parent involvement interacts. This research includes statistics as proof variables.
From the paper:
"Television is a part of life. Virtually every household has a television set and many homes have two or three (Ledingham, 1993). Needless to say, television plays an enormous role in the lives of many American families and the magnitude of its influence on people is considerable also. This is especially true where children are involved. According to Liebert & Sprafkin (1988), "television viewing time rises from about 2.5 hours per day at the age of five to about 4 hours a day at the age of 12." Ledingham goes on to say that "television is used frequently by parents as a babysitter or distraction device" (1993)."
Abstract This paper examines parents' use of television as an electronic babysitter. The effects and consequences of televisionviolence on children are explored, and the various ways that we can protect our children from the effects of prolonged exposure to televisionviolence are presented in the paper. These are important issues that should be dealt with quickly. The paper contends that, as televisionviolence increases and more parents spend time at work and away from their children, the problem is not one that will go away by itself.
From the Paper "In the 78 years since the invention of television, it has gone from a luxury item to a common household appliance. However, with an average of two televisions per household, its effects on children and society at large have transformed this household appliance into a virtual weapon of mass destruction. With the increased level of violence shown on television each day, children have become immune and insensitive to violence and are more aggressive verbally and physically than ever before. While this is a serious problem, it is not one without a solution. Parents need to take a proactive role and monitor what their children are watching as well as discuss what is being viewed on television rather than rely on television as an electronic babysitter for their children."
Abstract In this article, the writer goes into detail about the three main components that affect children concerning violence on television. The writer notes that these effects can last a lifetime and greatly impact society as a whole. The paper then discusses the catharsis theory,which claims that televisedviolence does not have negative effects as other researcher have claimed. The writer concludes that the accumulated experimental findings on the effects of TV violence do not support the catharsis theory and its conclusions.
Outline:
Aggressive Attitudes and Behaviors
Becoming Desensitized to Real World Violence Developing a Fear of Being Victimized by Violence Conclusion
The Catharsis Theory
From the Paper "The first step in learning aggressive attitudes and behaviors is accepting violence as a way to solve problems. On television, violence is the attractive, effective, and preferred solution to most conflicts. Violence is usually portrayed as justified, that is, the good guys win and the bad guys lose. Problems are usually solved rapidly and violently, and violent or other anti-social behaviors go unpunished. The good guys are very often no more appropriate role models for young children than the villains themselves. The result is that many American children are more familiar with violent, aggressive, and anti-social approaches to solving problems. For some, television at its worst, is a terrible influence on a child's mind, an influence that upsets moral balance and makes a child likely to have aggressive behavior as it warps his or her perception of the real world. Some psychologists and psychiatrists feel that continued exposure to such violence might unnaturally speed up the impact of the adult world on the child. This can force the child into a kind of premature maturity. As the child matures into an adult, he can become bewildered; have a greater distrust towards others, a superficial approach to adult problems, and even an unwillingness to become an adult."
Abstract This paper proposes a study to examine the effects of viewing televisionviolence on a sample of elementary school children and to determine if any correlation exists between such variables as amount of time spent watching TV, type and content of programs that are watched and school-based disciplinary referrals for aggressive, assertive, or antisocial behaviors.
Outline
Chapter I
Introduction
Need for the Study
Purpose of the Study
Hypothesis
Theory
Definitions, Assumptions, Limitations
Overview
Chapter II
Review of Literature
Impact of Media
Extent of TelevisionViolence Effects of Viewing TelevisionViolence on Children/Adolescents
Chapter III
Design of The Study
Sample and Measures
Hypothesis
Analysis
Summary
Chapter IV
Analysis of Results
Organization of the Analysis
Restatement of the Hypothesis
Demographic Information
Hypothesis Testing
Post Hoc Analyses
Chapter V
Summary
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "Violent programming has increased 14 percent on broadcast networks and 10 percent on cable. Shelton (1998) further states that about 90 percent of programming on cable services such as Cinemax, Showtime and HBO, depicts violence. Research suggests that the context in which violence is portrayed is an important factor in assessing its impact on children; when the violence is perpetrated by an attractive character, the chances are increased that viewers will become desensitized to aggression or become fearful of violence in their own world. Cartoon violence, which is endemic in children's programming, has the potential to seem realistic to children younger than 7 because they cannot easily differentiate between reality and fantasy, thus posing a special concern (Shelton, 1998)."
Abstract This paper discusses the effect that exposure to televisionviolence has on children. The paper explains that television has been found to have a powerful influence in the development of value systems and behavior patterns. The paper contends that violence on television does contribute to aggressive behavior, yet claims that it is important to note that television is only one of many causes of aggression.
From the Paper "Extensive exposure to television violence by children has been proven to cause greater aggressiveness (AACAP, 1999). In some cases, watching a single violent program increases aggressiveness. Often, on television, violence is portrayed as something that is very realistic, and frequently repeated or unpunished. Children are very vulnerable to outside influences and are likely to imitate what they see. In particular, children with emotional, behavioral, learning or impulse control problems may be more easily influenced by television violence."
Abstract This report looks at televisionviolence and its effects on children. The paper cites studies on the impact televisionviolence has had on children and discusses the psychological mechanisms that effect how viewers interact with and interpret televisionviolence.
Abstract "This paper uses a coding system to analyze the content of three television programs, to consider the following research question: What are the percentages of the physical and verbal violence behavior, racism, and discrimination in these TV programs and how does it affect younger viewers? The three shows are episodes of "CSI," "Law & Order," and "The Closer," all shows with minimal violence but that cope with the aftermath of violence.
From the Paper "Violence on television programs is much criticized, especially for the effect it might have on younger viewers. There are different kinds of violence, and any analysis of programming should take this into account. An analysis if several programs showing now will consider the following research question: What are the percentages of the physical and verbal violence behavior, racism, and discrimination in these TV programs and how does it affect younger viewers? The programs selected are all directed at the general television audience. "
Abstract This paper discusses the impact of televisedviolence on children and questions whether a problem exists at all. It provides a literature review of the sources available and background research in the field. It also examines the implications of such a research and need for further study in the field. The paper focuses on research that is available dealing with the impact of televisionviolence on aspects of child development.
From the Paper "Statements about the impact of televised violence are not always supported by the research, but may sometimes reflect people's opinions about that issue. There is also a great deal of uncertainty about the impact of televised violence on developing brains, and contradictions within the literature regarding the impact of watching televised violence on children's behavior. Thus, in looking at two different books on child development, I found many different opinions, but little discussion of the available research. One asserted unequivocally that watching televised violence has a variety of negative effects (Leach, 1997). The other book was more equivocal noting that there was not adequate research regarding the impact of too much video viewing, in general, on attention problems in children, and that we really do not know what television and video do to the growing brain, even though there are likely to be neurological consequences with any repeated exposure to a stimulus (Healy, 1994)."
Abstract This paper explores televisionviolence and its effects on children. It addresses how TV manipulates the minds of children, causing them to act in more aggressive and violent manners. The author argues that TV violence distorts children's minds into believing that violence is a healthy and acceptable way of dealing with problems.
From the Paper "There are many different supports for both sides of this issue. Those who believe that TV does have a major affect on children support their belief with the notions thusly: television violence and aggression lead to violent and aggressive behavior in children, witnessing violence on TV shapes and desensitizes the child’s view of the world, and television manipulates the mind of the child (Wood, 1999, p. 317). Those who conclude that TV violence plays no part in the aggressiveness of children base their assumptions on the theory stating that violence and aggression in youth is a result of an improper upbringing (Associated Press, 1999, p. 6A). They believe that children adapt their behavior from those that they are in human contact with most often. Another poignant support for television is that it is an extremely effective educational medium. They feel that the positive aspects of television far outweigh the negative ones (Kalin, 1999, p. 2). Lastly, there’s the “catharsis theory” which thoroughly supports the use of television violence in all programs. It claims that TV violence reduces the viewer’s aggressive behavior when dealing with real life situations (Comstock, 1978, p. 188). Statistics can back up both sides of the issue, and so can emotions. The issue of the affects of television violence on our nation’s youth is a very heavy and controversial topic with many possible conclusions."
Tags: aggression, crime, fighting, graphic, kids, mean, tv, world
Abstract This paper explores televisionviolence and its effects on children. It addresses how TV manipulates the minds of children, causing them to act in more aggressive and violent manners. The author argues that TV violence distorts children's minds into believing that violence is a healthy and acceptable way of dealing with problems.
From the Paper "How many parents give a sigh of relief when their child's favorite program comes onto television (TV)? Probably, a vast majority of today's parents do because TV allows them to obtain some moments of personal freedom. Marie Winn, author of The Plug-In Drug, proclaims ?Television keeps children quiet and passive, cuts down on loud and boisterous play, prevents outbursts between brothers and sisters, and eliminates a number of potentially destructive household "experiments" that children might be indulging in??(66). So how could something that is so addictive, to the degree that it settles down even the most robust five-year-old, is dangerous to society? To answer this question there are many statistics, theories and concepts to explore."
Abstract This paper states that almost every American home has at least one TV and therefore it is extremely important to have quality, educational programs. The paper then discusses and examples the research suggesting a correlation between violent television, video games, and aggressive behavior in adults and children. The paper suggests that by being selective and aware of the television a child is watching, and also by mediating, it is possible to keep a child wholesome, happy, and considerate of others. The paper concludes that careful control of program selection has been proven to be effective.
From the Paper "Television violence concern officially started with the first of a series of congressional hearings in 1952. Early research spawned from these hearings did in fact show a reason for concern about violence in the media, particularly television (Baker & Ball, 1969). As a result of this information, the Surgeon General declared TV violence to be just like cigarette smoking, a public health problem. He released a report that showed evidence that violence on television influences some children by making them more likely to be aggressive in certain ways (Murray, 1973). Ten years later a follow up report on the Surgeon General's findings was performed. It concluded that, indeed, television violence does affect the aggressive behavior of children, and adults, too (National Institute of Mental Health, 1982). Another ten years passed and a report reconfirmed the harmful effects of TV violence (Huston, et al., 1992). Thirty years of research had shown three major affects. The first of these, direct effects process, states that children and adults who watch violence on television can become aggressive and/or they could develop favorable feelings about the use of aggression to solve conflicts."
Abstract This paper explores the topic of televisionviolence and the impact it has on children. In recent years there have been increasing allegations that televisionviolence is having a negative impact on child development. The writer begins with an overview of the problem, looking at specific examples of television in America. Next, the paper defines some key terms for understanding the topic as well as providing a background about why this topic is important to society. The writer concludes by arguing that children are not developmentally advanced enough to separate fantasy from reality and that the increased violence they are seeing on television is creating more violent and aggressive children.
From the Paper "In recent years there have been increasing allegations that television violence has a negative impact on child development . There have been school shootings, children acting out both at home and in classrooms and other developmental traits that have been laid and the feet of television violence".
Abstract The paper analyzes the effects of television shows on society. The writer discusses things such as whether violence on television causes violence in society or vice versa. The paper discusses parental control when television shows have adult content and/or violence. In conclusion, the writer states that television is "today's art" and quotes the phrase that "art imitates life".
From the Paper "The quintessential example of a popular television series that was affected by the time in which it was produced is the 1970's sitcom, "All in the Family." The show affected the public in various ways, too, and as a result it has been the topic of thousands of articles, letters, speeches, and sermons. Specifically, "All in the Family" blazed a brave path into television's future. It changed people, and touched people, by making them laugh, making them angry, and mostly, making them talk about the issues that reflected their own lives."
Tags:television, violence, parental, control, all, in, the, family, society
