Abstract
This paper examines the troop of baboons which Sapolsky, a neurobiophysioloigst, studied, trying to learn about stress diseases among a species which has comparatively few predators and therefore should be able to live in relative ease, but which suffers from stress diseases to rival humans. The paper describes how Sapolsky lived with the baboons each summer for more than twenty years, watching the troop evolve and go through multiple changes in males leadership. Additionally, he saw a wide variety of survival styles as some baboons battled for the alpha spot while others flourished without competing for leadership.

From the Paper
"Females almost invariably stay with the troop, and generally retain the position which their mother's had in the hierarchy. Males leave the troop at puberty, moving to another troop, and continually struggle for position. (16-17) THE FEMALES Leah: the senior ranking female, reigning in that post for a quarter century. (17, 238) Devorah: Leah's daughter, enjoyed a preferred position over all other females because of her mother's rank. (17)"

Tags:baboon, alpha, dominance

Abstract
This paper will over the book "Surviving Schizophrenia: A Manual for Families, Consumers, and Providers" by E. Fuller Torrey, and seek to understand how the book relates treatment, definition, and the making of the disease of schizophrenia. By under this medical outlook on the disease, we can learn much about the doctor approaches the common symptoms, and cures that can help the person who suffers from it.

Abstract
This paper examines how William Shakespeare uses comic and tragic plots to explore the various means of human survival in his two plays "Cymbeline" and "The Merry Wives of Windsor". It looks at how comedy and tragedy are defined by each other and how the juxtaposition of emotions, pathos, close character work, comparisons and suffering and reconciliation are just a few of the topics covered.

From the Paper
"Innogen and Posthumus only have two scenes together, the first and the last, and the time between dramatizes both of their maturations. However although Posthumus undergoes harsh experience, not to the same extent as his wife, it is innogen who shifts the play towards a comic ending. Posthumus' soliloquy in Act two may arouse deep feeling and a hint of mental turmoil but does not touch on Pathos. His tone at the beginning of Giacomo's torment os of an unbelievable one: "Render me some corporal sign about her more evident than this." However he does not need a great deal of convincing from the deceitful Giacomo to believe his wife has been unfaithful and moreover has offered her "chaste" and "virtues' to another man."

Tags:cloten, giacomo, innogen, maturation, natural, order, pathos, posthumus, titus

Abstract
This paper explains that addressing the events of the Holocaust from both an imaginative and realistic perspective allows for a better understanding of the experience from the people who were most affected: The six million Jews who were murdered, the survivors and the legacy of the Jewish heritage in the State of Israel. The author points out that the religious legacy of devotion to God and the sacrifices of the Jewish people, from a time-oriented, linear perspective, are described by Yaffa Eliach in the chapter, "Who Will Win This War?" in which she narrates the sufferings of Jewish prisoners doomed to Nazi labor battalions in Poland. The paper relates that the value of a religious education for the devout Jews at Bergen Belsen is reflected in the chapter, "What I Learned at My Father's Home," in which the author describes the sacrifices of one mother in an attempt to educate her children in Jewish law and tradition, even under these deprived circumstances.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Time Orientation of Narratives
Concepts and Treatment of Death
The Value of a Religious Education for the Devout Jews at Bergen Belsen
Primo Levi's Reaction to the Concept of Time during the Holocaust
The Survival of Primo Levi in Auschwitz
A Blessing on the Moon
Conclusion

From the Paper
"When the group of Jews refused the commandant's alternative of breaking their observance of Yom Kippur by repeatedly sliding down the mountain on the stomachs, the scene was described as, "At midnight, as the rains abated, the performance was stopped. The men were given food and drink. They lit small campfires, trying to dry their clothes and warm their shivering bodies. Their faces shone with a strange glow as they sat around the small campfires at the foot of Bornemissza. It seemed as if the campfires reflected the glow of their shining faces and burning eyes" (p. 105). This observance of an ancient religious ceremony in the face of such brutality prompted one young Nazi officer to tell the group of exhausted Jews: "I don't know who will win this war, but one thing I am sure of -- people like you, a nation like yours, will never be defeated, never!" '

Tags:observance, education, narrative, time, surviva

Abstract
This paper discusses the central motif of the desert and the imagery of fire, air, water and earth in Michael Ondaatje's novel "The English Patient". The writer uses quotes from the novel to illustrate the significance of the elements in revealing the uncertain lives of Ondaatje's characters who are struggling to survive passion and war in North Africa during World War II.

From the Paper
"Water and fire are frequently juxtaposed. Katherine and Almsy experience the fire of passion. Each interlude fuels the desire for more as possession and jealousy, both fiery qualities enter the scene. They are possessed as if by the flames of hell. Katherine has married her best friend from childhood to avoid passion and pain. She tells Almsy (while in the bath with him) that what she likes most is to swim alone, and to take baths alone. Thus ironically, her attempt at emotional aridity is overcome by her passion for Almsy. The first time Hana sees Almsy, he is to her: "A man with no face. An ebony pool" (48). She "swims" under her wool blankets as he moves "in his cloth placenta" (49). Hana uses a candle to read to Almsy at night. "The candle flickers over the page . . .He listens to her, swallowing her words like water" (5). Water, so essential to desert survival becomes a symbolic oasis, symbolizing emotion and nurturance, and representing hope of life. Burned, transported by Bedouins, Almsy, "could smell the oasis before he saw it. The liquid in the air. . .The banging of tin cans whose deep pitch revealed they were full of water" (6)."

Tags:africa, war, world, emotion, desert

Abstract
This paper examines the Shia of the Middle East and what they have done to survive in the face of implacable outside hostility. The paper explores the beginning of the Shia/Sunni schism as well as the phenomenon of the "steady state" and what it means for the Shia. The paper further examines the cultural/religious anxiety of the Shia, the cultural distortion suffered, and the cultural revitalization experienced by, this group. Finally, the paepr discusses elements such as communication (on a broad, cultural level), organization, adaptation and cultural transformation (within the context of the Middle East) for Muslims in general.

From the Paper
"At the same time, the cultural transformation of the Middle East in the last century-plus by the western colonial powers has sparked a powerful re-birth of traditional religious sentiment throughout the Middle East - including Iran (Harman, para.11). The impress of western sensibilities and philosophical doctrines upon the elites was aggressively counter-acted by a new rise in religious commitment. As a result, and this has been the case in Iran since at least the days of Khomeini, Shia Islam has been pushed to the fore because it is (arguably) the most potent means by which the peoples of Iran can express their revulsion at the depredations of foreign powers. Looked at from an anthropological perspective, it may be advanced that the Shia peoples of Iran have made a fetish out of their religious beliefs in order to thwart cultural imperialism - but they (or at least their leaders) have shown enough adaptability to meet the exigencies of turbulent times."

Tags:tradition, culture, Islam, Middle, East

Abstract
In this article the writer discusses the symbolism of the fish in Elizabeth Bishop's free-verse poem "The Fish". The paper examines Bishop's use of similes throughout the poem. In addition, the writer looks at her use of alliteration and assonance as a means to enhance the impact of the poem. The paper suggests that the fish primarily serves as a symbol of resiliency and survival and that it is a common symbol of Christianity and Christ.

From the Paper
"A common symbol of Christianity and Christ, the fish serves as a multi-layered symbol in Bishop's poem. Because the fish has been hooked and is bloody and also because the fish emerges from the water a "venerable" creature, it readily symbolizes Christ. Moreover, the fish's attitude toward its captors is passive: "He didn't fight. / He hadn't fought at all." He "hung a grunting weight, / battered" just like the dying Jesus on the cross. Further Christian symbols include a simile referring to the "ancient wall-paper" of the fish's scales. The fish is also a foreign creature, who cannot survive on land just as human beings could not survive under water. His "frightening gills" labor at inhaling the "terrible oxygen" that provides sustenance to mammals but not to fish. Thus, the fish is exotic in its denotation of Christ and in its otherworldly appearance."

Tags:narrator, survival, suffering, resiliency

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Roman Polanski's film, "The Pianist" is somewhat atypical of his work to date in its presentation. Whereas the filmmaker had at the time provided the public with films that turn and twist reality to unbearable proportions, "The Pianist" instead shows the audience the horrors that realism can depict. To achieve this,the writer points out that Polanski uses the Holocaust and the suffering of the Jews during this time as his subject matter. However, true to the filmmaker's style, he does not make this presentation in only one dimension. Indeed, the film depicts a variety of dimensions not only for the events in the film, but also the characters responsible for these events. Revenge, selfless love, hatred and even joy often manifest themselves in a single person fighting for survival in an environment of extreme social upheaval. The writer discusses that as such, Polanski demonstrates Jew and Nazi alike as primarily human, and bases the main message of his film upon this.

From the Paper
"It is against this background that both the book and the treated film version survive to inspire Polanski for his work years later. According to Portuges, Polanski only discovered the book when it was republished in 1998, under its new title, The Pianist, and found himself inspired. The reason for this is not only the subject matter, presentation of events, and prose style, but also the fact that Polanski had found an author and topic that he could deeply identify with. Although disagreeing on many other aspects of the film, critics are unanimous in their assessment of this film as one of Polanski's most personal and most important works .
"Polanski himself was victimized by the events during the Holocaust. Polanski's Polish Jewish parents were deported to Auschwitz. Here his mother died, while he escaped from Cracow as a young child and relied on the kindness of Polish families."

Tags:war, nazi, jew, survival

Abstract
The paper discusses the reasons why opium remains a viable factor in society and most likely will for centuries to come. The paper looks at its valuable medicinal purposes as well as it being a crop that ensures people will continue to survive in rural areas. The paper also discusses how the production of opium is the cause of vast suffering in many societies. The paper maintains that the negative outcomes that are caused by its production far outweigh the positive factors of its existence. The paper concludes, however, that due to opium being used in morphine, the production of opium can ultimately only be supported in societies.

From the Paper
"Opium is produced in vast quantities and sold for both legal and illegal purposes across the globe. The common citizen is generally unaware of the extent to which opium plays a significant role in the lives of millions of people, or the positive factors that are involved in opium production. What is known widely throughout society is that opium, when used in the production of heroin, is addictive. Yet, the primary ingredient in morphine, it also alleviates pain in severely ill patients and has other medicinal purposes. In Afghanistan it is the foundation of the economic survival of a large portion of the population' although it is also required for the million dollar drug trade operated by al-Qaeda. Opium insures that the United States can communicate with warlords in Afghanistan to combat terror and it causes the destruction of lives in impoverished communities. It can be outlawed, as it has been in many nations, and it can be an alternative to starvation. It is for all of these reasons that opium remains a viable factor in society and most likely will for centuries to come."

Tags:morphine, heroin, addiction, economic, survival, Afghanistan, al-Qaeda, intelligence

Abstract
This paper analyzes Bishop's poem "The Fish," about the sufferings and hardships that a creature like a fish has to endure throughout its life. The author discusses the theme of survival and how the poem focuses on the narrator's feelings and thoughts about the endurance in life of the fish she has caught. The poetic elements are examined, including imagery, symbolism, similes and parallelism. The themes and roles of the primary characters are discussed.

From the Paper
"The succeeding lines have used imagery as its primary element in describing, and finally establishing, the physical characteristics of the fish. In fact, these lines have pored through every detail of the fish's physical form, and even described the animal's internal parts; the description of the fish's physical form is an attempt to establish the fact that aside from the fish's extraordinary characteristics, the fish is a fine-looking animal, yet, terrible in a way because of the environmental elements that he encountered in his life: "He was speckled with barnacles/ fine rosettes of lime" rags of green weed hung down/ While his gills were breathing in/ the terrible oxygen/ the frightening gills "that can cut so badly"" (lines 16-23). Through imagery, the poet was able to describe the condition of the fish, as well as its beauty and the potential danger that it can give to its captor."

Tags:poem, elizabeth, bishop, suffer, hardship, survival, character, narrator