Abstract This paper examines how many communities have been able to improve their tourism levels effectively in recent years. It particularly focuses on the Northern Territory's (Australia) strategic plan for tourism 2003 to 2007 and how it has accomplished its goals. It analyzes their strategic plan according to the insights and trends identified in a critical review of the peer-reviewed and scholarly literature.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Background and Overview
StrategicTourismManagement Considerations for the Northern Territory
Guidelines for Developing Effective TourismManagement Programs
Conclusion
From the Paper "The research showed that the Northern Territory of Australia represents a challenge for policymakers seeking to introduce sustainable tourism development initiatives into a potentially fragile cultural environment. The NT Tourism Strategic Plan was shown to be a comprehensive and ambitious initiative designed to provide this region with a wide range of developmental programs that can serve to promote employment and living standards for the large percentage of indigenous people living there. The research also showed, though, that such development initiatives must be approached thoughtfully to avoid harming the very things about a particular region that make it attractive to niche travelers in the first place, and this is especially the case with the people of the Northern Territory today."
Abstract This paper explores the strategies and methods used in the hotel industry when targeting a more mature demographic as well as the importance of increasing nationalism despite the political situation around the world. There are several important factors to recognize in the aging population and its travel activities such as price, convenience and location. The writer of this paper details the key priorities for strategic hotel management including the importance in satisfying the customer regardless of age or nationality. The writer also considers the scope of the mature traveler's impact on strategic hotel management and marketing.
Topics covered in this paper include:
Introduction and Overview
The Effects of the Aging Population on Tourism and the Hotel Industry
Growing Nationalism
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "For the aging population, a reduction in room charges may also be a means of getting more business from elderly travelers. It is important that, when reservations are made, that the reservations clerk confirm if a Senior Discount applies. There are, of course, many travel professionals who specialize in creating tours for senior citizens, and these bookings would normally inform the hotel about such discounts."
This paper discusses the development of the tourism industry in the Gulf States including the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Yemen, Oman and Kuwait.
Abstract This paper explains that the Gulf States countries realize that they can not continue to sustain their economies based on crude oil; therefore, they have identified the tourism industry as a viable option for the economy of the region. The author points out that the success of the tourism industry is dependent on regional stability, which is a problem in the Arabian Peninsula. The paper relates that tourism industry is labor-intensive; however, in the Persian Gulf region, the native population density is low, and skilled and trained workforces are generally imported from around the world. Maps.
Table of Content
Introduction
Introduction and Overview
Problem Statement
Importance of this Study
Definition of Terms
Limitations
Overview of this Study
Literature Review on TourismManagement Overview of the Tourism Industry
Needs of the Tourism Industry
Identifying Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats
Political map
The United Arab Emirates
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Bahrain
Yemen
Oman
Kuwait
Need for Sustainable Development
Different Types of Tourism Marketing the Region to the Rest of the World
Supporting Tourism The External Factors in the Persian Gulf affecting the Tourism Industry
Political Analysis of the Persian Gulf Region
Economic Analysis
Social Analysis
Technological Analysis
Legal Environment
Environmental Analysis
Competitive Analysis of the Market
Internal Rivalry
Barriers to Entry
Substitutes and Compliments
Buyer Power
Bargaining Powers of Suppliers
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
Summary
From the Paper "In 2002, WTTC organized the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg, South Africa to identify the important factors and constraints that are facing the travel and tourism industry. (WTTC) Tremendous amounts of resources and investments are made by the private sector in the travel and tourism industry. The private sector is always driven by the need to generate profits and revenue for the organization making the investments at the same time these entities are expected to practice responsible behavior and observe the laws and regulation of the region within which they conduct business and behave ethically and morally in the region. Long term planning and resource development is also essential. It does not make financial sense for a corporation to build a multibillion dollar resort only to have to abandon it ten years down the road if the corporation has not been able to maintain the integrity and environment in which the resort operates. "
Abstract This paper addresses the differences between financial management in health care and that in other industries. In particular, the paper examines the challenges facing health care financial management during the summer of 2003. The paper also looks at the need for health care organizations to avoid risk and to engage in financial risk management.
Abstract This paper examines the hospitality industry, one of the largest industries in both global and national contexts. It looks at how the industry is composed of fifteen segments including lodging (hotels), commercial food service (restaurants and catering), institutional food service, casinos, cruise lines, travel agency services, event services, convention hosting, arena services, sport complex management, resorts, parks, clubs, tourism and transportation services related to the other segments of the industry. It show how this complex industry accounts for more jobs, sales and tax revenues than any other single industry in most countries and how the segments of the hospitality industry are interdependent and rely on one another for overall success.
Outline
Introduction
Defining Hospitality
Importance of Industry
Structure of Text
Tourism, Travel and the Hospitality Industry
Status of the Industry
Importance to Hospitality
Agency Relations Trends
Property Development
Development
Design
Acquisition and Financing
Creating Value
Brand Management Franchising
International Operations
Tourism, Travel and the Hospitality Industry
Status of the Industry
Importance to Hospitality
Agency Relations
Trends
Property Development
Development
Design
Acquisition and Financing
Creating Value
Brand Management Franchising
International Operations
StrategicManagement Industry Relationships
External Environment
Importance of Change
Planning
Finance Management Revenue Control
Yield Management Cost Control
Financial Statement Analysis
Balance Sheet
Income Statement
Cash Flow Statement
Legal Issues
Contract Law
Liability Exposure
Diversity Issues
Discrimination Law
Employment Law
Information Management Computer Systems
Data Management Data Analysis and Application
Operational Technology
Check-In and Check-Out
Security Technology
Guest-Oriented Technology
Guest Room
Technology
Special Facilities
Operations Management Security and Loss Prevention
Sanitation Issues
Maintenance Management Energy Management Organizational Management Organizational Structure
Organizational Behavior
Organizational Communication
Organization of Work
Human Resource Management Functions
Recruitment and Retention
Compensation Management Marketing Management Planning
Strategy Development
Promotion
Sales Management Developing Customer Value
Lodging Management Food and Beverage Management Casino Management Event Management Conventions
Conferences
Resort Management Professional Standards
Codes of Conduct
Best Practices
Benchmarking
From the Paper "In 1988, tourism once again began a rise. This time, however, the crisis in the Middle East that eventually erupted into the Gulf War brought tourism to a screeching halt. When the Gulf War ended, tourism was once again expected to begin a growth phase. By that time, however, the United States had entered into another economic recession, and economic activity in most of the other industrial nations had begun to slow. At that time, recovery in the travel industry was not expected to occur until the mid-1990s."
Abstract This paper provides a a step by step account of how Carnival Cruise Lines has earned the dominant position they have today in the tourism industry through strategic alliances, marketing and how they have used technology to leverage their competitive advantage. It focuses on their efforts in four areas: being family orientated; being environmentally friendly; convenience and customer service; and their affiliations and strategic initiatives and shows how through these efforts customers stay loyal and come back in the future on one of their other cruises.
From the Paper "Carnival Cruise management have a strong ability to recognize social trends such as the need for short 3-5 day vacations (mini-vacations) and have invested in travel and tourism related companies to help them offer the best vacation in that short time period. For example, Carnival purchased Cunard Line Limted And Airtows PLC to help compliment their cruises with land activities. This is given Carnival the ability to fully control and create packages for three different adventure categories that are truly unique to Carnival such as Dog Sledding in Alaska. Management has also been able to align itself with companies such as Universal Studio?s."
Abstract This paper defines the term "operations management" and explains how this type of management came about. It talks about how operations management, at one time applied only to products, now applies to services as well. This change has allowed the tourism and hospitality industries to rely on operations management, even though its original concept of derived from production environments. The paper goes on to discuss the way operations management is utilized in the tourism and hospitality industries and why it is so important to these industries. The case of Marriott International is used to illustrate the points made by the paper.
From the Paper "During the 20th century, management was considered to be the domain of those at the top of the company making decisions and strategizing for the short and long term. With the emergence of the scientific management school of Frederick Taylor and Henry Ford, a new breed of managers became dominant in organizations. Over the years, the trend changed to give rise to a new school of management that would allow the top management to oversee the staffs while they are working as well as resolve problems and issues on the spot. The basic premise had been to allow decision makers to interact with staffs in their day to day activity and be able to fully realize the implication of their decisions."
Abstract This paper examines how heritage tourism is one of the fastest-growing tourism types in the world today. It focuses on the heritage tourism market in Australia, including a discussion on the heritage tourists themselves. In addition, it reviews and assesses current Australian heritage resources, as well as the management of successful heritage tourism sites. It also evaluates the best way to maintain sustainable heritage tourism within Australia through the examination of a specific case study of Kakadu National Park. It demonstrates that, with proper maintenance and care, the heritage tourism market can thrive and can be an extremely useful tool in teaching future generations, both indigenous and foreign, about the country and the people who have made that country great.
From the Paper "In addition to the evaluation of specific sites, there is also important value in understanding the heritage themes that deem areas to be considered a cultural site. The Australian heritage Commission identifies nine main themes for heritage resources, each of which includes a host of sub themes. The main themes are the evolution of the environment, the indigenous populations, the development of local, regional, and state economy, the construction of settlements and towns, Australian work environments, education, government, cultural, and phases of life. Within each theme are sub themes such as historical people involved, the evolution of the main theme, and historical references to main points within each theme (Australian Heritage Commission, 2001, 3)."
Abstract The following essay looks at the methodology, literature and analysis of the trends within the tourism industry and how the digital age and Internet marketing has changed this industry dramatically.
Table of contents
Introduction
Trends within the Tourism Industry
Methodology
Results and Analysis
Future challenges for the Tourism and Travel industry in the Digital Age
From the Paper The growth of the WWW on the Internet has created many opportunities as well as challenges for commercial businesses and industries. One of the challenges for a small- or medium-sized business is how to be found by the potential customer. This is underlined in a recent article about international marketing in Sloan Management Review (Quelch and Klein, 1996). The authors state that "the potential for 'information overload' is enormous" (p. 66). Even though the lack of rules on the net is critical to electronic commerce (Spar and Bussgang, 1996), this is not so critical for Internet as an information source.
Abstract The research explores how corporations or organizations make strategic decisions in project management. The investigation focuses on organizations such as the World Bank and UNESCO providing a comparison of these two entities. Tje paper explains how the World Bank makes special use of the project life cycle which is composed of eight phases: Country assistance strategies, identification, preparation, appraisal, negotiation and board approval, implementation and supervision, implementation and completion and evaluation. It shos how the World Bank relies on various strategies and the board of directors in the decision making process. On the other hand, the paper explains how UNESCO relies on the general conference and the bureau of strategic planning to make decisions for the organization. Project management is specialized for each project. It also includes an objective and goal for each aspect of the organization. A SWOT analysis is made for both organizations. The discussion focuses on the key factors involved in making decisions. The research indicates the importance of feasibility studies for both organizations and the success of the projects that have been implemented. The literature review discusses project management, product management, benchmarking, strategic marketing and other components of strategic planning. In addition, the research investigates strategic decision-making as it relates to human resources including team training and the characteristics of a project manager. The strategies and marketing aspects of the organizational strategies are also investigated. Finally, the discussion focuses on future studies in areas of strategic decision-making and project management.
Outline
Abstract
Executive Summary
Chapter I
Introduction of Topic
Introduction
Background
Conclusion
Chapter II
Comparison of the World Bank (International Bank) and UNESCO
Introduction
On What Basis do Corporations or Companies Make Strategic Decisions in Project Management?
World Bank (International Bank)
Strategic Decision-Making and Project Management SWOT Analysis
Strengths
Weaknesses
Limited Scope of Operations
Opportunities
Threats
Conclusion (World Bank)
UNESCO
Strategic Decision Making
Education
Objectives
Natural Sciences
Information Systems and Communication
Objectives
Social and Human Sciences
SWOT Analysis
Conclusion (UNESCO)
Man-made Limitations
Seasonal Factors
Institutional Factors
Comparison of Feasibility Studies between the World Bank and UNIDO
UNIDO
Successfulness of Projects
Chapter II Conclusion
Chapter III
Literature Review
Introduction
StrategicManagement Project Management and Strategic Decision Making
Project Management Strategic Decision Making
Project Managers and Project Teams
The Role of Product Innovation and Development
Creativity
Benchmarking
Strategic Marketing and Planning
Chapter III Conclusion
Chapter IV Future Studies
Introduction
Future Studies
Chapter IV Conclusion
Chapter V
Discussion& Conclusion
Introduction
Discussion
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "Strategic Decision Making has long been a part of the corporate culture. The need for strategic decision-making became evident after World War II; this will be discussed in detail in the literature review. Strategic decision-making is also essential because most organizations are now using project teams to complete certain tasks. Therefore, the ability of managers to make strategic decisions is important. In recent years, project management has become increasingly more popular. In addition, the importance of strategic decision-making has become more prominent. The development of new ideas and concepts has led many organizations to seek out project managers to implement the new innovative projects properly. There is evidence to suggest there is a shortage of project managers, which is a reflection of the changing corporate environment. To combat this shortage of project managers many business schools have begun to offer specializations in project management."
Abstract The paper examines how a rise in tourism in certain areas eventually affects the environment of the place, causing problems. The paper uses several examples of places around the globe where tourists frequently spend their time and shows how this trend has affects the environment. Places and problems examined include soil erosion in the Philippines due the the higher demand for flush toilets, the death of seagulls in Lancaster, PA, who mistake mass parking lots for water sources and the loss of firewood in Nepal due to the over-use by hikers. The paper also explores ways in which the tourism industry can strive to become more environmentally friendly to avoid problems in the future.
From the Paper "Without a precise zoning guideline, residents and developers can cross usages and designs without regard to the bigger picture. For example, a resort could go in next to a farm. In Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, for example, a farm was sold and used for an outlet center. The farm had been located at a major intersection so it was a prime commercial site. However, now the traffic there is astronomical. The foot traffic has increased as well. The pollution level has been raised greatly. The number of accidents at that intersection has risen. Farmland has been lost."
Abstract This paper is a concise critical evaluation of the extent of sustained competitive advantage a firm can attain with the astute use of internal resources. The paper presents the thesis statement of the paper to outline the argument of the paper, followed by a literature review. The review of literature outlines the significance of the topic, the various internal resources available to tourism/hospitality organizations, and the efficient employment of these resources towards the goal of competitive advantage in light of management theories. An analysis by the author follows the literature review to critically analyze the extent of competitive advantage from an astute use of internal resources.
From the Paper "The tourism and hospitality industries are operating in a global environment. The extent of globalization introduces the organization working in the industry to compete beyond borders, besides the competition faced from within the local market. Therefore organizations need to be highly competitive to get hold of a greater share of consumers in the global markets. However, tourism and hospitality industries are sensitive to global fluctuations in demand and conditions (such as travel safety and seasonal shifts). Keeping this under consideration, organizations need to strengthen the use of their internal resources to solidify their operations in the fierce competition. This generates the need for organization to realize the importance of efficiently utilizing their internal resources towards organizational objectives."
Abstract This paper discusses the role, application and underlying theories of strategicmanagement. The author points out which type of companies benefit from strategicmanagement. The paper relates the way that the leadership of strategicmanagement sets the tone and devises the overall strategy of the organizational mission, which the managers must implement to produce the desired end.
From the Paper "Leadership and management are necessary functions in business, and the two are both similar and different. Many of the differences are subtle and are a matter of interpretation. Certainly, both terms describe qualities needed by both the leader and the manager, with a somewhat different emphasis for each. Management takes the elements that exist and shapes them toward the end that has been identified, while leadership inspires and looks to reshape the elements themselves in order to achieve some larger purpose. This can be seen in the specific area of strategic management where the tone is set by the leadership, which devises the overall strategy in terms of the organizational mission, while the manager must implement policy that produces the desired ends."
Discussion of what the term "strategicmanagement" has meant in the past and what it means today, and how significant strategicmanagement is in a global economy.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, 2002, $ 44.95
Abstract Not too long ago, strategicmanagement was a term that applied to a company's short- and long-term planning goals. Such planning was generally done by senior-level officers or their designated experts in the company. Today, with the global economy growing every day, strategicmanagement has taken on a new meaning, making it both a management technique and a philosophy.
