Abstract This paper discusses how pain is a global problem that affects all people during their life and how poorly treated pain is a major concern for the millions of Americans currently suffering with pain. It looks at how heath care strives to deliver optimal care and treat patients effectively and how the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has developed pain management quality standards that must be implemented by all health care organizations to be accredited. It shows how providers need help to integrate these standards for optimal pain management and how conceptual models developed by nursing theorists can be useful tools to guide clinical practice. In particular, it explores Orem's Self-Care Framework, Neuman's System Model, and Roy's Adaptation Model as examples of conceptual models that can be used to analyze possible approaches to solving health care problems and clinical concerns.
From the Paper "Roy's Model guides pain management with a nursing process, which includes a behavioral assessment, a stimuli assessment, nursing diagnosis, goal setting, plans for implementation, and evaluation. Each step takes into consideration the patient's perceptions and desires into account. Behavioral assessment is completed keeping in mind the four modes of adaptation. The four modes of adaptation are physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence. This allows for a systematic and holistic approach in recognizing the patients? right to proper pain assessment. In the physiological mode, a thorough assessment investigates the underlying disease process of the pain. Once treatment is implemented for the illness or injury causing pain, the focus moves into the actual elimination of pain."
Tags: self, care, framework, system, model, adaptation
Abstract This paper compares and contrasts Herbert Packer's two models of the justice system, the Due Process Model and the Crime Control Model. The paper argues that both are constitutional but have different goals and objectives.
Tags: Herbert Packer, Due Process Model, Crime Control Model
Abstract This paper applies the Gibbs Reflective Model to a hypothetical clinical encounter. The writer explains that the Gibbs Reflection Model is one of several procedures that allow a professional nurse to assess professional competence through the analysis of a clinical encounter. The writer discusses the attributes of the Gibbs Reflection Model, that is a six element cycle through which a professional service deliverer can identify, reflect on and assess professional competency. A clinical encounter is assessed in this paper through application of the Gibbs Reflective Model in a professional nursing scenario.
Abstract The present health care system is in urgent need of radical overhaul. This paper presents a model health care system that offers an alternative to a white male dominated biomedical model, which maintains and reinforces social inequality and social injustice. This model is comprehensive and inclusive. It is a model that evolved from one main question about what determines the health of individuals and communities in Canada.
From the Paper "As government officials and many members of the public are aware, I am an activist and advocate for Native rights. Through my collaboration with First Nations on unresolved land claims and health issues, I am firmly convinced that Native health and the health of other minority groups will not improve until the underlying conditions for these groups are changed."
Abstract This paper examines one particular economic model, the aggregate supply-aggregate demand model, both as an abstract economic model and as a way of helping to predict in a rational fashion the direction that the U.S. economy may be taking in the future.
From the Paper "Those of us who are not economists may tend to think of such terms as "aggregate supply" or even "recession" as vaguely incantatory ? words that conjure up not ways to describe rational if complex (and therefore in many ways unpredictable) process but the dark arts of sorcery. But while economics is certainly not a precise natural science like chemistry (because the phenomenon involved are both so complicated and so subject to change because of different historical influences), it is of course a rational methodology through which to explain the ways in which various resources flow through the human community."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed comparison of two system models for the advanced nurse practitioner. A personal recommendation for use of a particular model is in included at end of paper.
From the Paper "This research compares and contrasts the Hodges' Health Career Care Domain Model Jones with Neuman's Health Care System Model. The initial and major discussion following this introduction identifies compares and contrasts the two models. The paper concludes with personal reflections on the two models with respect to insights and future areas of study."
Tags: Advanced nurse practitioners, system models, Hodges'Health Care Career domain, Neuman's Health Care system model
Abstract This paper presents a detailed comparison of two system models for the advanced nurse practitioner. The paper includes a personal recommendation for use of a particular model.
Tags: Advanced nurse practitioners, system models, Hodges'Health Care Career domain, Neuman's Health Care system model
Abstract This paper integrates the nurse's role as teacher and educator with the Health Promotion Model. The paper addresses such issues as the client's need for health promotion, the professional nurse's role in teaching and learning, perceived barriers of the Health Promotion Model, and the integration of the nurse's role and the Health Promotion Model.
From the Paper "The role of the nurse is ever-evolving in today's health-care arena. Long seen as merely an assistant role, and one that did not necessitate responsibility, it has now become a role of being a teacher and educator. One of the main theories that is leading the way in health care today is that of the Health Promotion Model. This model envisions a way for those seeking health care to promote and better their own health and lifestyles. These two ideas, the nurse as teacher and the Health Promotion Model, converge."
Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the constructivism leadership model with regard to its use in education reform. It contends that in contrast to the traditional hierarchical structure of leadership, the constructivist leadership model distributes powers and responsibilities to all stakeholders in the community.
From the Paper "For this activity I selected the constructivist leadership model for further analysis. In view of the difficulties and the challenges confronted by educators with implementing educational reforms to improve the quality of education ..."
Abstract This paper shall discusses the most effective decision-making model relating to the healthcare industry. The paper further discusses the elements of the ethical model of decision-making, and how it would best serve those within the healthcare community.
From the Paper "Members of the healthcare community are consistently seeking decision-making models that will aid in providing methods to ensure a safe working environment, as well as a positive outcome that will benefit both the workforce, and the patients that we serve. Furthermore, because of the nature of the field in question it is imperative to base decisions on ethical concerns of the healthcare community, because in so doing the universal standards of excellence expected by all that are related to the industry will be met. Lawrence Birkner and Ruth Birkner (2000) discuss the importance of a model for decision-making in healthcare that is specifically related to ethics. The authors stipulate that the first consideration of the healthcare professional should be that healthcare and safety must be addressed hand in hand in order to begin to create an environment that is conducive to healthcare (Birkner & Birkner, 2000, p. 11)."
Abstract This paper looks at the Heckscher-Ohlin Model as an example of global trading patterns and seeks an explanation for why the Leontief paradox occured and why it is that Factor price equalization does not seem to have occurred. It contains references to relevant American trading data as well as two detailed tables of international economics data.
From the Paper "International trade is a logical and natural advance in the affairs of man. If one has a good to barter with then an optimal level of indifference between different goods can be achieved. However there is much debate about whether trade is due entirely to a relative abundance of supply of a particular factor or are there other reasons. Ever since Eli Heckscher, based on a hunch, unveiled his ideas on international trade theory, in 1919 it has been held, by some, as a satisfactory explanation of International Trade, however, is it really that clear cut? "
Tags: economics, Heckscher, Leontief, model, Ohlin, paradox, ricardian, trade, world
Abstract This paper looks at how conclusions of the neo classical model of prices and markets are undermined by the existence of market failure and by the implied assumption that economic agents do not learn from experience.
Abstract This paper discusses open source development model for commercial use. The paper examines how the large corporations played a part in its development.
Abstract This paper studies the similarities and differences between two non-traditional, therapeutic approaches: Solution-Focused Therapy and Narrative Therapy. The paper examines the origins and efficacy of these two models of therapy.
From the Paper "In recent years both solution-focused and narrative therapies have been used extensively to help diverse populations..."
Abstract The writer discusses Henry Ford's invention of the Model T. The writer looks at the profound impact on the economy and urbanization of America. This paper examines the many facets of that impact from the creation of a middle class to the integration of the automobile into the fabric of American life.
