Abstract
The paper gives an insight into the problems that the sports organizations of today are facing in England. Some quotes are also listed so as to give the paper a viewpoint from the people who are at the helm of administering these sports bodies, as well as the players who actually play the game and because of whom these sports and leisure organizations are actually in place.

Contents
Introduction
The Problems
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Sports organizations in the times of today are thriving on the profits they are making with their partnerships with different brands and products all around the world. There is a similar situation in United Kingdom where soccer has taken the field of sports to levels that the people who love the game adopt it as a religion. Many other sports like cricket, squash, lawn tennis and horse racing are also affluent and well off in the sports world of today. Apart from these, there are the leisure organizations, which benefit all, and sundry as far as providing entertainment and amusement and a general sense of competition amongst the different people is concerned."

Tags:cricket, football, profit, player, game, promotion, advert, marketing

Abstract
This paper examines sports organizations and their power structures. It also considers issues of conflict and power struggles between owners of sports organizations and the players, collectively. In addition, it looks at different instances of conflict resolution and then includes cases in which the use of power by leadership has either led to improving or damaging the conditions in these sports.

From the Paper
"Owners supply the capital to ensure the franchise can operate and function. As the author Bernard Bass described, "the member with more personal power" will be more esteemed, since he can directly give or deny? (Bass, 278). It allows the employees to get paid, the stadium to open, marketing to draw interest in the team, and all the other functions, which the operation needs to continue to run. Owners invest in the team expect a return for their investment. In order to get a return on one's investment, a team must be profitable (or show the potential for profitable returns. Without the owner's capital, employees would not be paid and the franchise would cease to exist. The owner provides the gift of life."

Tags:athlete, owner, player, fame, fans

Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of human resources within in organization. It discusses the role of collective bargaining as a means to resolve conflict and negotiate some satisfaction for each side. The paper specifically discusses the role of collective bargaining within professional sports organizations and looks at the advantages and disadvantages of collective bargaining for sports.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Collective Bargaining: Significance, Advantages & Disadvantages
Contracts and Owner Control
Unions
Strikes and Their Causes
Employer-Employee Relations
Conclusions

From the Paper
"The strikes that occur in professional sports can almost invariably be traced back to underlying labor policies placed on players, specifically those restraint systems that are designed to restrict players' mobility among teams. In addition to a draft, human resources policies are designed to improve the overall competitiveness of the industry as a whole (McCormick, 1989). Of course, by competitiveness, I am not referring to the usual types of economic competition, but rather inter-team competition. The draft, for example, works in inverse order based on the success of the teams the previous years. The purpose is to allow weaker teams to theoretically pick up stronger players and enhance the excitement of upcoming games. The intent is to increase the strength and popularity of all teams, not merely those that are the most successful."

Tags:team, labor, competition, employee

Abstract
This nine-page paper looks at the career of the sports psychologist, discussing aspects such as organizations that utilize the need for this type of person, discussing the skills, competencies, and training required, looking at salaries, the importance of such work and also provides an example of one such association that does have a use for a sports psychologist.

Tags:SPORTS / HEALTH (MEDICINE, PSYCHOLOGY), sports psychologist

Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that participation in sports is beneficial for both children and adults. However, the writer discusses that there are questions about organized sports involving children and youth. By addressing these problems a good sports management program can eliminate many of these issues. The writer discusses that participation in sports can begin with children so that they also receive its benefits.

From the Paper
"Organized adult and youth sports programs can be traced back at least to ancient Greece. The philosopher Plato saw organized sports as part of the necessary emotional, physical and mental development of a student. The ancient Olympics symbolized the value Ancient Greece placed on organized sports. Modern organized sports emerged with the Industrial Revolution as earlier societies were generally too busy for leisure activities. In cities, clubs were organized to play games like soccer or football. These were often ..."

Tags:sports, exercise, fitness

Abstract
This is a position paper that first summarizes the latest information available on pre-adolescent children and competitive sports and then addresses current issues regarding national team competition for children less than 10 years of age.

Children's Readiness for Organized Sports and Competition
Medical
Physical
Cognitive
Psychosocial
Motivational
Adult Readiness for Children's Competition
Coaches
Parents
Organization / Administration
Competition

From the Paper
"Competitive sports participation opportunities for children continue to grow. Nowadays, children begin their regular sport participation between the ages of 4 to 8 years. Most children enjoy sports and show great enthusiasm for participation. However, the situation changes when young athletes get involved in the elite-level championships organized and directed by adults. Children's play becomes transformed from informal playground games to highly organized sporting events that mirror adult professional sports."

Tags:intensive, training, elite, level, young, athletes, team, sports, safe, healthy, supervision

Abstract
In this article, the writer reviews and evaluates current rules and policies relating to sports betting. The writer also looks at the reality of the activity and suggests the establishment of a mechanism that addresses it in a realistic way that allows people to enjoy sports gaming, yet sets reasonable, enforceable limits on the activity and controls on the industry in the U.S. The writer discusses that this program would also allocate funds raised from sports gaming appropriately to causes and initiatives that benefit organized sports and athletes, while codifying rules to curb some of the problems and excesses associated with sports gambling today. The writer then provides a look at some of the scandals that have rocked professional and collegiate sports and explains how detrimental they have been. The writer concludes that a legitimate structure for sports gaming would eliminate the stigma, eliminate the potential for graft and corruption, and largely eliminate the disruption caused to games and the sports industry of gaming by eliminating the influence of organized crime and impact on the careers and lives of athletes.


Outline:
Abstract
Part I
Introduction to Part I
Purpose
Justification
Constraints
Glossary
Summary of Part I
Part II
Introduction to Part II
Literature Review
Sports Gambling - A History and Overview
Sports Gambling by Athletes, Owners and other Insiders - Sports Scandals
Methodology
Regulating and Monitoring Sports Gaming
Summary of Part II
Part III
Introduction to Part III
Conclusion
Recommendations
References

From the Paper
"There is no question that gambling on sporting events has negatively impacted the integrity of organized sports in America. The sports pages are replete with stories of athletes, coaches and team owners compromising their own integrity and that of their teams, leagues and industries by wagering on games. Sports gaming, as it exists today, calls into question the very role and nature of sports in this country and brings up issues about the involvement of organized crime, use of performance enhancing substances, and the use of intimidation, coercion, violence and other illicit factors in sports.
"Nevertheless, efforts to curb sports gambling in the US have not been effective, and attempts to ban the practice altogether are inevitably doomed to the same fate as prohibition."

Tags:athletes, crime, betting, control

Abstract
The paper explains that in today's world that is inclusive of terrorism, disease, violence and accidental occurrence that impacts both individual lives and organizations, a management plan must be carefully and strategically designed. In this change management initiative for the sector of college sports, previous findings in management literature are examined and then consideration is given for what changes might optimally occur in sports management at this precise time. A scenario is also presented in this research.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Scenario
Review of Previous Study Findings
Jim Collins-Good To Great Companies
Change Management in Sports-Strategic Plan Development

From the Paper
"The newly appointed Emergency Manager must lead their subordinates, the Legislature and the Governor in a clearly defined direction in the development of a strategy for implementation of change that has been identified in previous assignments. It is critical that the Emergency Manager understand the functionality and limitations of Emergency planning, National Response planning and Incident Management System planning. The operational plan will be developed in full from identification of the weaknesses or threats that exist in implementing this plan. The plan will have to be initiated through difficult choices such as outsourcing and reduction in personnel. This plan will change the way business is conducted in demonstrating how the obstacles of execution might be overcome."

Tags:design, direction, research, critical, incident

Abstract
This paper explains how female athletes face tremendous obstacles and prejudice because by definition they are in opposition to the twin pillars of our patriarchal society: the gender binary system, and compulsory heterosexuality. The paper shows that many athletes and athletic organizations spend a great deal of energy on countering suspicions that women athletes are not "natural," "real," heterosexual, feminine women. The writer suggests that women stop wasting their energy on counteracting societal prejudices, and concentrate on being the best athletes they can be. The paper concludes that society has to change, and acknowledge and affirm the new ways in which 21st century women are choosing to express themselves. The writer believes that in this way, women's sports will some day command the same respect and money as men's sports do.

From the Paper
"Our society is rigidly structured on the basis of a gender binary system, which stipulates and prescribes that there must be two - and only two -genders, and moreover that these two genders are the opposites of one another. This system commonly posits the male as the norm, and the female as merely the "other," or simply the opposite of the norm. Within this system, certain attributes are regarded as quintessentially masculine, and others as feminine. Deviation from this is not well tolerated by mainstream society, possibly because it threatens the patriarchal status quo."

Tags:female, athletes, male, athletic, feminine, masculine, society

Abstract
This paper discusses the company EA Sports, a strong market leader in the sports videogame industry. It looks at the valuable advantage that EA Sports has over its competitors and the exclusive licenses that it holds. The paper discusses whether the sports videogames produced by EA Sports are difficult to imitate or not and whether EA Sports employees are exploited by the organization. Finally, the paper discusses if EA Sports is able to sustain a competitive advantage.

Table of Contents:
Valuable: YES
Rare: YES
Hard to Imitate: NO
Exploited by the Organization: YES
Sustain Competitive Advantage: YES

From the Paper
"It is not a good thing to have an exclusive license and then not improve on the existing products. This is the time that EA Sports must look at the content and hear what the fans are saying. There must be some truth in the many blogs available in the Internet. Gamers are not only players and buyers of the games, they are thinking people. In many aspects, they like to have choices and if the games remain the same all the time, exclusive license or not, gamers will go and try some other products. EA Sports has experienced this downward trend in 2003 and 2004 when sales were slow, games had bugs, and lots of complains from gamers. EA Sports had to try something new and they did that by buying exclusive rights. They solved one problem but in the long run, if they don't start getting innovative and creative, other products will again take over in popularity. Only the future can tell."

Tags:marketing, product, fans, competition