Abstract
This paper offers an analytical review fo the heroic code of honor in Homer's "The Iliad" by examining the social roles of Hector and Achilles within the construct of familial and military culture. The paper explains that the familial honor that Hector abides by is one social role that allows him to fight valiantly for his nation as a warrior in the Trojan army. The paper also assertst that social bonds of loyalty and fealty to family play a large role in why Hector is linked to the type of loyalty that Achilles lives by when he is treated dishonorably by Agamemnon.

Tags:social, ancient, Greek, philosophy, literature

Abstract
This paper offers an analysis of the social roles of the hero in "The Iliad" by Homer. The paper seeks to understand these roles by understanding the grim and hard facts of war in relation to death and life, one can see an increased social role when understanding the hero's responsibility that gives greater ethical compassion for the sustenance of the family unit, as well as for maintaining honor amongst military peers. The social role of Hector as a hero will be defined as an ethical defender of his family through civic responsibility. Furthermore, the social role of gift giving is also a part in the heroic code, as honor becomes the central catalyst for the heroic portrayals provide by Homer in The Iliad.

Tags:defender, protector, ethic, military, Hector

Abstract
This paper analyzes the social roles of the hero in "The Iliad" by Homer. It shows the impact of the grim facts of war in relation to death and life and how this produces an increased social role in life. The paper defines the social role of Hector as a hero who is an ethical defender of his family through civic responsibility. It also shows how the social role of gift giving is also a part in the heroic code, as honor becomes the central catalyst for the heroic portrayals provided by Homer in "The Iliad."

From the Paper
"With this loss, Achilles eventually fights Hector and kills him. He then disgracefully drags his body after his chariot because his rage has fully consumed. Achilles has lost any kind of sanity he had since his clash with Agamemnon, which has been the social fabric of the heroic code that is the result of a dishonorable gift giving exchange. The cycle of military honor has been made complete, enforcing the sense of social norms that created the plot dynamics and the sense of honor in battle. Now, Achilles appears to care little for living any longer, since his closest friend is now dead. The social forces of military honor have created the basis of a heroic code for Achilles, which along with hector, provide the duty that a warrior must abide by to gain the respect and loyalty of his family, friends, and fellow soldiers."

Tags:trojan, Agamemnon, rage, family

Abstract
This paper analyzes the heroic code of honor in Homer's "The Iliad" by examining the social roles of Hector and Achilles within the construct of familial and military culture. The paper defines the social role of Hector as a hero and as an ethical defender of his family through civic responsibility. The paper looks at the social role of gift giving as a part in the heroic code, because honor becomes the central catalyst for the heroic portrayals provided by Homer in "The Iliad". The paper then points out that Achilles also abides by strong ethic towards honor, which invariably creates a social impact on his actions after Patroklos is killed. In conclusion, the paper shows that the impact of these social norms drive Achilles and Hector toward the extreme violence of war, which ultimately ends in their deaths.

From the Paper
"The encounter between Hector and Andromache during the battle reflects a Homeric process, which allows for a union between family that is compassionate and not driven necessarily by a cold and calculating necessity for war on the part of the soldier. In this manner, Homer is projecting a socially responsible man in Hector that respects social traditions military and within the family unit. Andromache is a wife that shows concern, and only wishes for her husband to stay with her and not die in battle with the Aecheans. In this manner, Hector is not only questing to find solace in his wife's love for him, but actually seeks to be consoled before entering into the main thicket of war outside the Trojan City."

Tags:war, soldier, greek, battle, Achilles, death, Trojan

Abstract
Women in The Iliad serve as helpless pawns but also as a moral voice in the poem.
I. Introduction
A. Homeric poems may contain several layers due to revisions throughout history.
B. The Iliad is an epic poem about the manly heroic ideal.
II. Women in The Iliad serve as pawns in the Trojan War.
A. Helen is a pawn in the Trojan War.
B. All humans in the poem serve as pawns to the gods.
C. Aphrodite uses Helen as a pawn toward her own quest for power.
III. Women also serve as the moral center of The Iliad.
A. Helen recognizes her role in the Trojan War.
B. Andromakke reminds Hector of his obligations to his household.
C. Women have a voice through laments and dirges.
IV. Conclusion.

From the Paper
In Feminism in Greek Literature, F. A. Wright argues that Homeric poems were not written to suit the old Mediterranean people, whose rather low code of sexual morality inclined them to regard women as mere instruments of pleasure (7). Instead, the epic in its original shape was composed for the people who came down into Greece from central Europe and, therefore, recognized a much stricter code of sexual conduct (7). Wright believes that the apparently differing layers of the Homeric poems was caused by the constant revision of the poems as the ruling classes of Greece changed (8).

Abstract
In this paper, the writer accentuates the fine lines between rich and poor, landowner and slave, success and failure, that emerge in the play. The politics and economy of Russia were somewhat muddied at the time, and the capitalists, who used to be serfs, were now taking over the aristocracy, whose members did not have money-managing skills. The paper shows how Lyubov Andreyevna and her brother cling to the aristocratic past, Lopakhin is the capitalist (embodiment of the present economy) and Trofimov is a sort of prophet, predicting the rise of communism (though even Chekhov would not live to see that era). Differences in culture, speech, action, demeanor and viewpoints between Firs and Lopakhin; and all the characters (even the servants) are described.

From the Paper
"After feudalism was abolished in Russia in 1861, Russia was undergoing some gradual yet drastic economic changes. The growth of entrepreneurial activity was centered around Moscow while St. Petersburg was crumbling with the tsar as he lost authority to the rising merchant class. For centuries, wealth and income had been based solely on the ownership of land. Technically, the serfs were not slaves, but their economic situations forced them into complete submission; their masters could trade them for horses or even dogs. The serfs were freed in 1861, but with no money or property, so for decades, many were still dependent on their masters. It wasn't until just before the turn of the century that these men began to find their wealth in the form of industrial capitalism (textile production being the most prominent business). Soon these old aristocratic and new capitalist worlds began to battle with each other. This is the Russian economic background of Anton Chekhov's "The Cherry Orchard." (Worrall 13) Lyubov Andreyevna Ranevskaya is a middle-aged aristocratic woman who returns from France to find her estate in danger of being subjugated by the rising merchant class, specifically Yermolay Alexyevich Lopakhin. Chekhov does not favor either the aristocrat or the merchant, but stresses the strengths and weaknesses of both groups' ideals. No one person or governmental system is perfect, and everyone's "absurd, unhappy lives' (Lopakhin " 45) fall victim to the continual change of any society."

Tags:andreyevna, aristocracy, emancipation, landowning, lopakhin, lyubov, ranevskaya, russia

From the Paper
"In our contemporary landscape, violence masquerading as the display of machismo and the relentless pursuit of beauty are celebrated. American boys and girls are constantly bombarded by a barrage of images that pressure them to fit into cultural stereotypes. While boys are mesmerized by the cold steel of modern weaponry in the gun culture, girls are dazzled by the vast array of fashion, beauty products, diet programs and plastic surgeries. The bottom line is that boys are judged by what they do and girls by how they look. This fundamental characteristic ultimately defines the crucial differentiation between the two genders and their social roles.
According to the typical masculine stereotype, men are not allowed to display their weak emotions, such as sadness and fear. Consequently, with the passage of time, the long-term.."

Abstract
In this article, the writer compares and contrasts the works 'Iliad' by Homer and 'Works and Days' by Hesiod. This consideration of the works shows that they are different. The writer notes that the differences are based on the 'Iliad' being written based on the ideologies of the higher classes of Athens, while 'Works and Days' was written based on the reality for the lower classes. The writer concludes that the works share several common characteristics, with these linked to the fact that the books were written around the same time and as part of the same culture. However, there are also significant differences in the works. The writer maintains that this is due to the fact that the two books represent the two very different social classes at the time.

From the Paper
"Before considering the difference in the works, it is useful to first consider what qualities they share. The main similarities in the works are the obvious ones. This is that both are written by Greeks and so both reflect Ancient Greece culture. The second is that both were written around the same time, close to 700 BC. These two factors lead to the works sharing several aspects, even though they are about vastly different subjects. These similarities are to be expected and are based on the shared culture reflected in both works. One of the first features noted in the works is that they are both written in the style of epic poetry. Epic poetry was a style of literature that developed in Ancient Greece. The development of epic poetry was also closely linked to the Greek oral tradition. In fact, the Iliad is considered to have been written by Homer centuries after the Trojan War that is the subject of the work. In addition, Homer is thought to have created the work based on oral myths that had been passed down from generation to generation after the end of the Trojan War."

Tags:social, classes, culture, trojan

Abstract
The paper provides real life examples from the media of police as crime-fighters, social servants, order-maintainers and crime-preventers. The paper believes that these media reports are accurate depictions of these police roles. The paper notes that these roles are often under appreciated, but are essential tools to serving the public.

Outline:
Introduction
Crime Fighter
Crime Preventer
Social Servant
Order Maintainer
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Merriam, Kansas police arrested a robbery suspect who was from Wellsville, Kansas. The suspect led authorities on a manhunt that lasted several hours which included shots fired at officers. The suspect and an unidentified woman pulled a gun on a clerk at a Caseys General Store and demanded cash. The Wellsville police and Franklin County sheriff deputies found the suspects and pursued them on Interstates 35 towards Johnson County. The suspects pulled over, the man jumped out of the car and started firing shots at police. The suspect ran off and no one was injured. The woman drove off in the car and deputies placed stop sticks in the road where the woman was arrested. The Johnson County deputies spent the morning tracking down leads and used a Highway Patrol helicopter and house-to-house searches where the male suspect might have been hiding where he was arrested at a motel (Bauer, 2005)."

Tags:crime-fighters, social, servants, order-maintainers, crime-preventers

Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at how Homer portrays several types of forces, along with the forces of the Gods, that contribute to shaping man's behavior. Delusion's character is one of the many that demonstrate how the will of man according to Homer is often guided by the supernatural. The writer notes that moreover, Delusion is a specific example of how even the Gods are inferior to the higher force of fate. The writer concludes that, in his writings, Homer uses names to account for social forces that in his time remained unexplainable.

From the Paper
"Agamemnon comes entice Achilleus to join the battle by apologizing for his actions, but not taking all of the blame. He claims that Delusion caused him to get angry with Achilleus when he was told to return the girl Chryseis, and forced him to take Achilleus beloved Briseis. Whether or not Delusion drove Agamemnon to argue with Achilleus, his excuse illustrates that it is perfectly normal for a non-human being to cause human action. Elsewhere in the novel, Rumour causes men to talk, and Hatred, Battle Strength, and "heart-freezing Onslaught" cause men to fight. How deep do these forces penetrate into a man's consciousness? Do they cause him to think differently? Does he only recognize their interference once they are gone? Homer does not directly answer these questions, but they can be better understood by examining the nature of the forces."

Tags:behavior, entities, goddess, fate