Abstract This paper reviews several articles discussing female sexuality. It reviews articles on what female sexuality is, what is involved in the sexuality of females, what helps aide in feminine sexuality and what hinders a women's sexuality. The paper looks at some of the problems associated with women's sexuality and whether these are perceived, physical, or medical problems. Finally,it examine how women see their own sexuality.
From the Paper "Before the advent of the "sexual revolution" in the 1960s the subject of female sexuality was considered taboo in so called polite society. Discussion of sexuality by females was viewed as an aberration. Women were taught and told that the normal reaction of women towards sexual intercourse was that they generally did not feel any physical or emotional pleasure from it. Sex was a means to an end; by performing their wifely duty to please their mates women were subjugated to the role of baby maker. This severe repression of female sexuality and its total submission to reproductive functions determined the limits of knowledge for untold generations of women (Gomex 1995)."
Abstract This paper examines current trends of sexual harassment in the workplace. The paper begins by exploring the different categories of harassment, the reasons for its perpetuation and the methods by which companies strive to prevent it. Also investigated is the various tools employees have to combat sexual harassment. The paper concludes by underscoring the progress that American society has made in this arena, specifically in the last two decades, in recognizing and discouraging inappropriate conduct.
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Introduction
Workplace Sexual Harassment
History and Definition of Sexual Harassment
Types of Sexual Harassment
Why does Sexual Harassment Occur
The Effects of Sexual Harassment
Employer Responsibility: Preventing Sexual Harassment
Why Should Employers Prevent Sexual Harassment
Preventative Training
Sexual Harassment Policy Statement
Formal Investigatory Procedure
Disciplinary Action
Employee Options: Confronting Sexual Harassment
Informal Complaint Procedure
Litigation
Conclusion
Works Cited
Bibliography
Appendix A
Appendix B
From the Paper "Sexual harassment was first defined, albeit vaguely, in Title 7 of the American Civil Rights Act of 1967 which prevents discrimination on the basis of race, colour, religion, national origin and sex (Cooper, p.24). However, the Act left a legal void which the courts had to fill so as to eliminate confusion. For example, between 1964 and 1980 the courts still treated sexual harassment as a personal matter between the harasser and the complainant (Paludi, p.34). Gradually, a working legal definition of sexual harassment evolved through guidelines established by the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission (EEOC). In 1981, the EEOC set the primary standard for implementing the provisions of Title 7 when it stated that sexual harassment was "unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favours and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature when any one of the following criteria is met (Paludi, p.2)."
This paper studies the articles of 'Sexuality' and the 'Sexual Revolution', discusses the subject of sexuality and looks at its social and political aspects.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, 2005, $ 26.95
Abstract Sexuality is a term that means different things to different people. The same can be stated for sexuality in politics, religion, and social relations. This paper discusses the articles of 'Sexuality' and the 'Sexual Revolution'. How is sexuality a political issue? How does sexuality affect the way people live? How has sexuality changed through the years? These questions are important in helping a person develop their own sexual identity and understand why a person believes the way he/she does about social politics or the social issues of sexuality.
From the Paper "Sexuality is a term that means different things to different people. The same can be stated for sexuality in politics, religion, and social relations. This paper discusses the articles of "Sexuality" and "The Sexual Revolution." How is sexuality a political issue? How does sexuality affect the way people live? How has sexuality changed through the years? These questions are important in helping a person develop their own sexual identity and understand why a person believes the way he/she does about social politics or the social issues of sexuality. The authors show how sexuality is affected by both religion and politically. Sexuality has changed over the years in many different ways. "Throughout the course of U.S. history, the meaning of sexuality has been continuously reshaped by changing economic and social institutions". At one time the word "sex" would get the attention of people because sexuality was not discussed in public."
Abstract This paper discusses female sexuality and female sexual dysfunction. The author explains the phases of the female sexual response cycle to better understand sexual dysfunction in females and psychological and physiological factors as causes of female sexual dysfunction are discussed. The paper also explains that the different types of female sexual dysfunction are classified based on the particular phase of the sexual response cycle response it affects. Lastly, the paper looks at the available diagnostic methods for female sexual dysfunction before discussing intervention and management methods.
Contents:
Female Sexual Dysfunction and the Sexual Response Cycle
Causes of Female Sexual Dysfunction
Classification of Female Sexual Dysfunction
Diagnosis of Female Sexual Dysfunction
Management
Bibliography
From the Paper "Muscles of the vagina, uterus, and even the rectum contract due to a sympathetic-mediated response. The clitoris is successfully stimulated through direct stimulation, and floor orgasms may result from cervical stimulation or that of the anterior vaginal wall. The fourth phase is resolution, where blood vessels, muscles, and other erotogenic organs return to their original, nonaroused states. There is a sense of general relaxation, well-being, and muscle relaxation. In males, it is believed that they are refractory to an orgasmic response for some period. In contrast, women can have multiple orgasms without going through a refractory period."
Tags: human sexuality, sexual disorders, diagnosis treatment
Abstract This paper studies current research on the impact of drinking alcohol on one's decision to engage in risky sexual behavior. The paper's extensive literature review indicates that despite the social stigma that may be associated with certain drinking and sexual behavior activities, there remains strong social and peer pressure to participate in both activities. The paper also demonstrates how the linkage between consumption of alcohol and sexual activity begins at relatively young ages in American and western culture. The author of this paper attempts to clarify statistics regarding drinking and sexual behavior, as well as recommendations regarding the connection. Specifically, high-risk sexual behavior among various age and social groups is addressed, such as sexual rebellion and conformity, compulsive or uneducated choices, exposure to sexually transmitted diseases, and sexual assault.
From the Paper "The University of Arkansas for Medical Studies has found that attitudes about appropriate sexual behavior, as well as those regarding appropriate alcohol consumption, are formed in youth at a very young age, and by the preteen years children have already developed a unique attitude regarding these subjects. A Thomson Healthcare Company (2004) report reveals that risky behavior may be minimized in adolescents and young adults if parents were to discuss standards and beliefs on sexual and other issues with children at a younger age, because relating these values to older children is not as effective. Alcohol use has been shown to lead to early initiation of sexual activity, as well as being related to the number of sexual partners that preteens and adolescents will have, particularly in high-risk groups. These high-risk youth groups include inner-city females, males in detention homes, and gay and bisexual males. Alcohol is not the only substance that is prevalent in these high-risk groups; marijuana is also associated with altered sexual statistics. Intervention treatment for youths to help curb consumption of alcohol may also help delay sexual activity, or decrease the number of sexual partners and overall risk associated with sexual activity, are encouraged as early as 9 to 12 years of age."
Tags: sex rape sexual assault drinking beer risk aids sexually trans, otted disease teenager underage
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that sex education became a traditional part of the middle school and high school curriculum in the middle of the 20th century. The writer points out that in the last 50 years, social attitudes and American cultural beliefs about human sexuality have changed significantly but, for the most part, sexual education has not evolved simultaneously, except perhaps in the modernization of the actual materials and literature used to present the substantive information. The writer maintains that what is required is a more comprehensive approach that reflects the realities of all the fundamental issues that arise in connection with human sexuality and behavioral choices associated with it. The writer concludes that a comprehensive sexual education program could radically transform sexual education in American education from a meaningless exercise in student embarrassment and an ineffective presentation of certain useful reproductive health and medical information into a beneficial mechanism for changing specific illogical beliefs and cultural values that undermine human happiness.
Outline:
Introduction
The Insufficiencies of Traditional Sexual Education
Outlining Comprehensive Sexual Education
Teaching Sexual Ethics
Conclusion
From the Paper "By initiating Sex Ed in middle school, educators have the opportunity to address common cultural attitudes and beliefs about sexuality in principle, thereby providing alternatives to various elements of typical approaches to sexual gratification including objective ethical values, sexism, bigotry, homophobia, safer sex practices, and unplanned pregnancy. Comprehensive Sex Ed would likely require no additional funds or resources except to the extent it requires changing the way educators are trained and replacing old literature with updated teaching texts. The non-printed materials already used in connection with traditional Sex Ed programs is still sufficient for that portion of a comprehensive educational program appropriately devoted to human anatomy and biological reproduction."
Abstract This paper addresses the issue of whether sexual dysfunction in the elderly is a result of disease and physical conditions or an aspect of the aging process. The paper holds that changes in sexual desire and activity may be the result of a wide range of biological, social, emotional, cultural and environmental factors. The paper suggests that, while sexual dysfunction is related to a combination of the aging process and disease conditions, it may also largely be the result of misguided beliefs about aging and sexuality. The paper concludes that a great proportion of sexual problems are associated with the conditions of older people's lives and with social attitudes about aging and sexuality. It holds that the majority of issues related to sexual dysfunction can be addressed through heath teaching.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Physical Conditions and Disease
Sexual Dysfunction and the Aging Process
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper "One reason for sexual dysfunction is relatively easily addressed and has important implications for nursing. Lack of information about sexual dysfunction and embarrassment on the part of men to discuss the issue needs to be addressed through sensitive health teaching. Erectile dysfunction can produce a significant psychological and social impact on the patient and his partner. In addition, it is associated with depression, anxiety, and loss of self-esteem in both partners. Even though society is open about the problem of erectile dysfunction, men generally are not inclined to seek help. However, since erectile dysfunction could be the first manifestation of cardiovascular disease as well as diabetes, it is extremely important that he care provider inquire about the problem during patient visits (Kolodny, 2003)."
Abstract This research paper explores the claim that celibacy within the clergy results in sexual deviation. The paper begins with an elucidation of the problem within the Catholic Church and an explanation for the propagation of celibacy in Catholic theory. It then goes on to list the three main myths associated with celibacy; namely, that Catholic priests are more likely to become pedophiles than any other group of men, that the celibate state of the priesthood leads to pedophilia and that married clergy would make pedophilia and other forms of sexual misconduct cease to exist. The paper then proceeds to explore both sides of the argument of whether a relationship between celibacy and sexual deviance exists, and in doing so, the writer brings in the opinions of various experts. The paper continues by looking at the treatment of sexual deviance by the Catholic Church and concludes by deducing that there is no connection between celibacy and sexual deviance.
From the Paper "In today's society, the Catholic Church is confronted with two important issues regarding sexuality. The first is the scandal of sexual abuse of children by priests, which is a highly publicized issue that it damaging the reputation of the Catholic Church in the United States. The second is the question of whether priest should take a vow of celibacy and remain unmarried."
Abstract This paper critically examines some of the works published concerning the creation of one's sexual identity as well as the various agents of sexual socialization at work on modern-day youth. The chosen texts are: "In the Same Boat? The Gendered (in)experience of first heterosex?, ""Was it Good For You Too"?: Gender Differences in First Sexual Intercourse Experiences?, ?Sexual Messages on Television: Comparing Findings from Three Studies" and "Effects of Neighborhood and School Environments on Transitions to First Sexual Intercourse".
From the Paper "The first of these works, "In The Same Boat" (...)? was primarily interested with illustrating first sexual experiences from a feminist stance. It states that "first sex" is more of a rite of passage for men than for women, using the idea that a male becomes a symbolic "man" upon the act of first coitus, while a female becomes a symbolic "woman" upon reaching puberty, and the onset of menstruation."
Abstract Traces the historical evolution of female sexual-social mores, the biological influences on female mating preferences and styles, and the evolution of the monogamous and non-monogamous family. It ends with a discussion of the implications of exchange theory and the scarcity model of economics as it relates to modern monogamy and its social, emotional, and physical consequences.
Historical Evolution of Female Sexual Social Mores
The Biological Evolution of Female Sexual Preferences
Future Evolution of the Family
The Social and Emotional Consequences of Serial Monogamous
Relationships
The Social and Emotional Ramifications of Non-Monogamous Relationships
Possible Evolutions: Scarcity Model versus Abundance Models of Sexual Economics
From the Paper "The forces of history and biology have served to promote the suppression of female sexuality and the idealizations of monogamy among female humans. However, the recent rise of feminist power movements, secure birth control methods, and a cultural "sexual" revolution have combined to make non-monogamous lifestyles the norm. While most women still embrace the ideal of monogamy, life-long marriage relationships have been replaced by serial monogamy as the standard in Western Culture. Non-monogamous relationships are also gaining in popularity."
Abstract This paper explains the role of social workers in providing sexual education in American schools. The need for such programming is described in light of students developing healthy sexuality while being aware of potential risks. It views social workers as part of the process of sexual education, and encourages them to be prepared to provide unbiased, truthful information. The paper further argues against the current trend towards abstinence-only sexuality education, which has left students unprepared for real-life sexual situations.
From the Paper "Sexuality is an important and integral part of human relationships and society, and the social worker plays an important role in providing information and support for people that will lead to healthy sexuality. Although it is ideal that sexual education begin in the home, many young people receive their only reliable information about sex from school education programs and services provided by social agencies. Sexuality does not begin at marriage; it is a lifelong process that has biological, emotional, psychological, and social factors. (Synovitz, 2002) Sexual education helps young people develop an understanding of sexuality, develop a positive view of their own bodies, and aids them in making responsible decisions. Today, there is a great deal of controversy surrounding sexual education, and students are at risk of receiving inaccurate information on the subject, or not receiving this information that is vital to their health at all. Despite the fact that young people are exposed to more unavoidable sexual images in the media today than ever before, many groups of people believe it is harmful for children to receive detailed, accurate information about sex, even though this may be the only way to prevent them from hurting themselves or others due to the misinformation received through non-educational sources. Sex education has actually been a normal part of schooling since the early 1900s, and the recent trend towards abstinence-only education is a harmful one. With the prevalence of teenage sex, sexually-transmitted diseases, unwanted pregnancies, and explicit sexual content in the media, it is important that young people receive complete information about sexuality, not simply that it is best to wait until marriage to have it. Social workers must be involved in complete sexual education without judgment through schools and social agencies, and help others understand why abstinence-only education puts youth in harm's way."
Abstract This paper examines what constitutes sexual harassment, especially sexually harassing conversations. The focus of the paper is sexual harassment in the workplace, although other situations are also described. The writer describes the motivation behind the inappropriate conversations, and how victims can bring charges against the perpetrators. Several law suits involving sexual harassment are presented.
From the Paper "The restaurant industry in particular has seen its share of sexual harassment claims. It has been estimated that hundreds of thousands of dollars were spent by the foodservice industry in one year alone on sexual harassment claims. The State of California reported that there are anywhere from 1,163 and 1,275 reported cases of sexual harassment for restaurant employees alone (Allen, et.al, 2005). Pizza of Florida, a company who does business throughout the state under the name ABC Pizza was required to pay $225,000 for two sisters who had been subjected to the unwanted conversation of an adult manager. His conversation. The lawsuit was brought against the company by the EEOC and was particularly heinous since the victims were 16 and 17 years old at the time and placed with the company on a high school on-the-job training program. It was not noted whether the company instituted any training program or review of potentially hostile working environments within other stores. It would appear that this would be a especially important if this company hosts' minor in their stores as part of a work training program. While the young women received monetary compensation for their discomfort, it was also not noted whether the manager was terminated. "
Abstract This paper discusses how every day many children across the world, but most notably, those in the Unites States, fall victim to sexual abuse. The paper reports that it is estimated that over 60 million people today are survivors of child sexual abuse. The paper further discusses the life-long impact the abuse has on the abused children.
Outline:
Abstract
Sexual Offenders and Sexual Abuse
Impact on the Victims
Victim Characteristics
Sexual Offender Types and Terms
Warning Signs and Abuse Disclosure
Sex Offender Punishments
Conclusion
From the Paper "Over the course of our country's history, society has had to deal with many very important social issues (abortion, religion, equal rights, etc.). One topic, however, remains an extremely prominent problem. Sexual abuse in this country, and in many others, has become so recurrent that it has affected hundreds of thousands of people, most notably children. The effects of sexual abuse on the victims are, by and large, everlasting, and very troublesome. Sexual abuse is quite the 'forbidden' topic, as it makes everyone uncomfortable, but this is precisely why it needs to be addressed and dealt with. Abusers are most commonly punished with jail time and some are required to attend therapy sessions, but some are not. This method of punishment and rehabilitation, fearfully, is not quite as successful as everyone tends to believe it is. Many sex offenders become repeat offenders more often than people would like to realize. Due to the fact that child sexual abuse is such a serious issue, and many children are affected for the rest of their lives, there needs to be much more improvement in the area of preventing this from happening, as well as helping the victims and treating the offenders so that they do not continue to hurt others in this way. The major question that needs to be reflected upon is can these people be helped, and if so, what are the more successful ways of doing this? If not, how can we better prevent such occurrences from happening? First, it needs to be discussed what sexual abuse is."
Abstract This paper looks at how the literary French artiste' Colette, in a duet of short stories, "Gigi" and "The Cat", is able to explain some of the sexual nuances that make the sexes behave as they do; perhaps bringing some insight into our own present day relationships.
From the paper:
"Light vs. Darkness, Muslim vs. Christian, North vs. South, Football vs. Oprah, conflicts such as these rage on in our 21st century society. Of all conflicts the one furthest from resolution and the most highly contested seems to be the age-old battle of male sexuality vs. female sexuality. What do the opposing "dramatis personae" desire? How do they propose to attain it? Are the variances between the sexes really as vast as we"ve been led to believe" Through exquisite prose and imagery, the literary French artiste? Colette, in a duet of short stories Gigi and The Cat, is able to explain some of the sexual nuances that make the sexes behave as they do; perhaps bringing some insight into our own present day relationships ."
Abstract This paper examines the relationship ? often predictable, but sometimes surprising ? between body image and sexual satisfaction, examining in particular how so many people end up with a poor body image and little sexual satisfaction because they do not meet cultural standards for beauty. However, another focus of this research is how some people who are not good matches for culturally mandated standards of beauty or sexual attractiveness nevertheless find a high degree of sexual satisfaction.
From the Paper "We might think that sexuality is a perfectly natural aspect of human life. After all, we could hardly have survived as a species if sex were not something that we could engage in without too much analysis. But therein lies the rub, for sexual satisfaction ? or sexuality ? and sex are not the same thing anymore than sex and gender are. While for the purposes of this paper we may define sex as various forms of intimate contact (including intercourse) between two people (usually of opposite sexes) in which the biological shape of people's bodies is the most important determining factor, sexual satisfaction is in many ways a cultural construct. Sexual satisfaction includes both the physical sensations of sex and everything we think about them ? from whom we believe should have sex with whom to the morality of abortion to whom we find sexually attractive. The issues of human sexuality ? as opposed to the biological mechanics of sex ? is a vastly complex topic, too broad for a single paper. Thus this research concentrates on a single corner of this topic, the intersection of body image and sexual satisfaction."
