Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of race relations during the Reconstruction period with reference to the book "A short History of Reconstruction" by Eric Foner. Reconstruction was the time immediately after the Civil war that showed the deep and sharp racial division that existed in the American society and the author is of the view that many of the race-related problems that still persist in the country have their roots in the Reconstruction period.

Tags:reconstruction, race, relations

Abstract
The paper relates that the period known as "Reconstruction" following the American Civil War was one of the most difficult in this country's history. The paper discusses how although it was necessary to rebuild the nation once the fighting had stopped, this period was ultimately divisive; in the eyes of many citizens and lawmakers alike, the South had betrayed the rest of the nation and deserved punishment. This paper describes the four different plans for Reconstruction and briefly describes Reconstruction's aftermath.

From the Paper
"The period known as "Reconstruction" following the American Civil War was one of the most difficult in this country's history. Although it was necessary to rebuild the nation once the fighting had stopped, this period was ultimately divisive. In the eyes of many citizens and lawmakers alike, the South had betrayed the rest of the nation and deserved punishment. In President Lincoln's eyes, the South needed embracing and welcoming back to the proverbial fold. However, in addition to these conflicting points of view, other difficulties created challenges for the emerging "new" South. In addition..."

Tags:reconstruction, loyalty oath, civil war

Abstract
The paper discusses how while it is generally taken for granted that Reconstruction was a purely regional phenomenon restricted to the former secessionist Southern states, in fact, a brief examination of history shows that important aspects of Reconstruction legislation were national in their implications. The paper asserts that the most important of these national aspects were the Reconstruction Amendments to the U.S. Constitution, particularly the 14th and 15th Amendments.

From the Paper
"Following the end of what was the worst conflict on the soil of North America, the Civil War of 1861-1865, the United States entered into the period of domestic reform known as the Reconstruction. Lasting approximately from 1865 until 1877, it was a complex period made up of a wide variety of events in the political, economic and military spheres, and taking place on both a state-by-state and on the Federal level. It was also a period filled with sometimes violent controversy. Its main point was the gradual re-integration of the former Confederate states of the South into the Federal union, along with reforms to ameliorate the status..."

Tags:civil war, reconstruction, civil rights

Abstract
This paper discusses neoliberalism in the context of the reconstruction of Iraq and possible reorganization of the state boundaries in the Middle East. The paper looks at the suggestions and philosophies of Noah Feldman, Leslie Gelb and John Ikenberry for the optimal route towards reconstructing an Iraq that is most compatible with U.S. and local goals.

From the Paper
"Since the occupation of Iraq, there have been many discussions and plans as to how to best reconstruct the country and make it functional once again. One of these approaches is best described as "neoliberal," which has evolved from the neoclassical philosophies of the last century, and is often associated with corporate colonialism and globalization ("Neoliberalism"). While the language used by neoliberals to discuss their plans and ideals often sounds like it is extremely pro-democracy and for the people, the overall effect of these goals benefits corporate power, especially US corporate power. Neoliberalism is supported by multinational agencies like the IMF and the World Bank, and favors privatization over state-controlled resources ("Neoliberalism"). "

Tags:neoliberalism, iraq, reconstruction

Abstract
This paper takes a close look at the tragic and confusing period which occurred directly following the United States Civil War. First, the actual plan for Reconstructing the South, as it was implemented starting in 1867, is defined and discussed. Then, Andrew Johnson's plan is discusses. Finally, the argument is made that the actual Reconstruction, though a failure, was more successful than Johnson's would have been.

From the Paper
"At the end of the Civil War, the United States was a nation set for great change. Its two halves had just completed a bloody and costly conflict, one that had seen the North and the South divided not only along the lines of slavery and its abolition, but of states' rights and the direction in which the country should be taken. The eleven Confederate states had not only lost the war, but were left with nothing. The slavery-fueled concept of plantation-farming was gone, thanks to Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. The southern economy and government was in tatters. There was nothing to take the place of these vanished traditions and standards. "

Tags:johnson, reconstruction, america

Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans and discusses their comparative success.

From the Paper
"President Abraham Lincoln, Vice-President Andrew Johnson and the Radical Republicans each had a plan for reconstruction. Lincoln made a Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction in ... while the Civil War was still in progress, stating that amnesty would be given to everyone willing to take an oath pledging their loyalty to the United States and promising to obey all U.S. federal slavery laws. In addition, when ... of a state's voters participating in the election had taken the oath that states..."

Tags:Lincoln, Johnson, Radical Republicans, Reconstruction, Civil War, South

Abstract
The paper examines the period of Reconstruction and focuses on the political and economic reforms that were instituted, including recovery of the Southern economy, now that it no longer could depend on slaves.

From the Paper
"The Civil War devastated the United States. Americans lost their lives during the war and a stunning percent of the overall population at the time ended up as casualties of the War. (Wikipedia) Though the North ultimately won the Civil War, it was a pyrrhic victory that left much of the country in shambles. The wildly contentious period of recovery from the Civil War is generally referred to as Reconstruction. Reconstruction is an apt word for what had to be done in..."

Tags:civil war, reconstruction, economy, slavery, vote, political, railroads

Abstract
This paper addresses how the Reconstruction in the United States provided a large measure of hope to black citizens, but that this hope was false. Laws such as the Jim Crow acts and the Black Codes soon destroyed the potential for equality between blacks and whites.

Tags:AMERICAN STUDIES AND HISTORY / CIVIL WAR, reconstruction civil war

Abstract
The first history paper discusses prominent people of the Reconstruction Period such as Booker T. Washington and Frederick Douglass, the second analyzes political, economic, and social problems Black Americans faced at this time, and the third paper discusses the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution.

Tags:prominent, people, reconstruction

Abstract
This paper gives some definitions and answers some questions about the South during reconstruction and the abolition of slavery. The apper discusses the Wade-Davis bill, Black codes and black rights and the rise of white supremacy.

From the Paper
"The Wade-Davis Bill was a plan for Reconstruction requiring half the white adult males to take an oath of allegiance before drafting a new state constitution and restricted political power tot he hard-core Unionists. The black codes gave African Americans some rights they had not had as slaves; legalizing marriages from slavery, allowing blacks to hold and sell property, and to sue and be sued in state courts. The Radicals said that impeachment applied to political offenses as well..."

Tags:slavery, reconstruction, South, Wade-Davis