Abstract
A discussion of the two main types of reasoning and an in-depth definition of each to help the reader understand each before taking a look at Pascal's Wager Argument. The paper then uses the knowledge of each type of reasoning to show how the Pascal's Wager argument only uses prudential reasoning.

From the Paper
"The phrase a good reason to believe is ambiguous between a prudential and an epistemic reading. A good prudential reason for something means that it is in one s self-interest to believe it over something he or she would otherwise choose. A good epistemic reason for something, on the other hand, is when one knows of a valid and sound argument supporting it. "

Tags:epistemic, pascal, philosophy, prudential, reasoning, wager

Abstract
Using an article about Penn State university resewsrch into the use of whole grain foods in a weight loss regimen, there are some doubts about the value of its contents, based on statistical reasoning, which tends to require far more than the fifty adult subjects involved here, and the limited statistical summaries provided. There is a question about the funding of the resaerch and whether that influenced the diet and exercise programs

From the Paper
STATISTICAL REASONING AND HEALTHCARE If the basic definition of statistical reasoning- namely, that it is the way people reason with the ideas provided by statistics, then this article is fairly incomplete. "Much of statistical reasoning combines ideas about data and chance, which leads to making inferences and interpreting statistical results" (Garfield 2002 1). The reason that one can presume the inadequacy of research focused in this article is that it covers merely "50 obese adults, ages 20-65, who were divided into two groups" (Healthnet 2008 1). One group, the article continues ate refined grains, the other had a diet high in whole grains.

Tags:whole grain diet, diabetes, statistical reasoning

Abstract
This paper addresses ten questions as provided and answers the questions according to a file handout. The paper also explains the answers in order to provide the reasoning or information used to address the question. The paper answers the questions without actually reproducing the actual handout, which was not provided in a usable format.

Tags:language, logic, reasoning

Abstract
This paper will discuss inductive reasoning and will establish a connection between science and how that relates to this way of testing within the field. By discovering the reasoning in this style, we can see how it may be a problem for science, as the definition of inductive reasoning clearly states that something must be studied from small to large, when we have not the faintest clue what is the smallest element of matter in the universe. An argument can be made for its invalidity when discussing this form of reasoning for its seemingly inconsistent basis.

Abstract
In this paper, the premise of human freedom in Rousseau's natural philosophy relies on reasoning and the ability overcome natural limitations. By understanding the nature of oppression and dependence on humans for one another, the republican principles of reasoning and compassion dictate the very example of this quality that Rousseau recognizes in human behavior. Also, the idea of servitude for the greater good also realizes the freedoms for the individual, as mutual respect and rational thinking can bring harmony for all beings, not just the governing few.

From the Paper
Thank you for purchasing a customized research paper from The Paper Experts Inc. rive to deliver to our customers the most accurate and up-to-date research each and every time we prepare a custom work. Your Writer ID: #255 Order ID: 20782 Topic: Philosophy Disclaimer: This document should be used in precisely the same way you would use any article you might find in your local research library. Remember, you must cite it properly just like you would any other source listed in your bibliography. If you have any questions regarding citing

Tags:freedom, rousseau, social

Abstract
This paper explains that females more often advocate caring and compassionate responses in cases where wrongdoing is evidenced, whereas males are more likely to advocate an "eye for an eye" type of thinking. The author points out that, in the situation of the film, "Taps," if girls had been involved, they would have been more likely to base their moral sensitivity and decisions not only upon their interpersonal needs and experiences, but also back their decisions by more rational thought processes. The paper stresses that a teacher should take into consideration the different learning patterns and moral reasoning styles of boys and girls to assist them in working out problems.

From the Paper
"Taps" is a movie about a private military high school, where the school is facing closure. To prevent this the adolescents attending the campus take over the school; in terms of adolescent moral reasoning, the boys involved impulsively react instead of thinking things through. They arm themselves, feeling like they are taking initiative and working together as a team to accomplish a common goal. They react just as they are taught, to be a team and to foster group dependence and unity."

Tags:caring, eye, interpersonal, team, teacher

Abstract
The paper describes a personal experience about a problem and how thinking through the problem brought about a positive resolution to it.

From the Paper
"Several years ago I found myself involved in a conflict with a high school teacher who accused me of cheating on an examination. Throughout the entire semester leading to this final examination, I had sensed that my teacher was for some reason hostile towards me. The accusation of cheating was untrue and in my opinion unjust and based on a personal dislike of me and not of any evidence that I had actually engaged in such an act. In this essay..."

Tags:reasoning, thinking

Abstract
In this case study, the writer explores the ethical questions and issues that can arise in a crisis. This paper focuses on the catastrophic disaster, Hurrican Katrina, and describes an ethical dilemma faced by a nurse working at a hospital in New Orleans. The paper questions whether, in crisis mode, is the responsibility to the individual, or to those we serve? The writer of this explores the questions associated with this catastrophic disaster case study.

Outline:
Ethical Dilemma in the Work Place
Questions Associated with the Case Study
Root of Problems
Symptoms of Problems
Unresolved Issues
Roles of Key Players
Ethical Issues Involved
Alternatives to the Situation
Recommendation for Resolution

From the Paper
"The lack of personal and professional reasoning was apparent to those involved due to the lack of leadership and organization during such a life changing event. With no real disaster plan in place, those involved were left with life altering decisions minute to minute. The decisions made during this crisis were the most honest, and that could have been expected by the front line workers. The nurses and victims had no real direction and took into their hands the wrath of Mother Nature at her worst and attempted to pull from their moral and ethical being what the next course of action should be, and attacked the crisis one individual at a time. The struggle of personal decision and organizational responsibility was forefront. As these individuals were faced with the dilemma of assisting whom ever they could, the thought of their loved ones at home lingered. As the hours passed the nurses and other health care workers had to wonder if there family members had weathered the storm. Many of them wanted to leave to get to their families, torn by duty and obligation. The nurses faced with the question of attempting to flee the hospitals or remaining on duty was a struggle and an emotional hardship. Many knew they could not leave their patients and the stories off these heroes have been heard. Others could not grasp such disarray and remained but could not function completely. The nurses gave all they could to a situation which was an ill prepared for catastrophe. Their decisions were emotional, from the heart, from the gut and most of all true to their ethical and moral beings; this is truly all these individuals had to fall back on during this time."

Tags:patients, personnel, disaster, hurricane

Abstract
This paper discusses the writer's own spiritual journey, as well as questions relating to faith, science and reason that the writer faced during his journey. The paper focuses on the arguments of Thomas Paine in his work, "In Age of Reason" and discusses in which ways Paine's arguments relate to the writer and his feelings regarding religion.

From the Paper
"On the other hand, The Bible and religious studies do offer some reasonable conclusions. First, there is strong evidence of the existence of Jesus due to the multiple eye witness accounts of his life. There are multiple matching stories that collaborate the life of Jesus. Thomas Paine also follows this reasonable line of thinking. Again, I agree with Paine's analysis. Secondly, my research for hard evidence of God's existence has included the academic study of comparative religions. At the conclusion of my studies, despite the fact that religious teaching demonstrates a vast degree of differences, I have found there is a shared commonality. Religious teachings share several fundamental core values. For example, the value of the equality of man. Therefore, when Thomas Paine states, "I believe the equality of man, and I believe that religious duties consist of doing justice, loving mercy, and endeavoring to make our fellow-creatures happy" (13), he is also observing the similarities of philosophies within religions. Therefore, on the basis of duplicated information and similarities of philosophies, it is reasonable to conclude the possible existence of celestial God."

Tags:science, faith, God

Abstract
This paper analyzes the communication and reasoning in the essay "Revealing Moments: The Voice of One Who Lives with Labels" by Didi Khayatt. The writer dsicusses that the article concerns views of ethnicity and identity as expressed by the labels people put on others and accept for themselves. Further the writer notes failures in the reasoning and writing of the essay and problems with understanding its meaning.

Tags:modes, reasoning, communication