Abstract
This paper examines the problem of student motivation to read. It identifies factors that affect motivation and strategies to increase student motivation. It looks at a student's needs and perceptions regarding motivation, expectancy theory and motivation and cultural aspects of motivation.

From the Paper
"The following is a review of the literature related to motivating students to read. The problem of student motivation is discussed and this is followed by student needs and perceptions regarding motivation expectancy ..."

Tags:student, motivation, read

Abstract
The paper examines an article "Enhancing Elementary Students' Motivation to Read and Write: A Classroom Intervention Study" by Miller and Meece that examines the influences of different reading and language arts assignments on student motivational goals. The paper discusses the specific goals or objectives of the study intervention.

From the Paper
""Enhancing Elementary Students' Motivation to Read and Write: A Classroom Intervention Study" by Miller and Meece. The purpose of this article was to examine the influences of different reading and language arts assignments on student motivational goals, strategy use and achievement affects or specifically self-concept and anxiety. The authors provided findings from other authors to support their expectations and study goals. They noted that they sought to extend prior research and evaluate how different assignments influenced motivation. Specific goals or objectives of..."

Tags:reading, classroom, students, language arts, peers

Abstract
This paper discusses the topic of teaching children to read, including what skills are required to teach children to read and the best environment for teaching children in urban areas how to read.

Abstract
This paper explains in detail the process of reading and the many factors that can contribute to problems in learning to read. The paper details evaluating the predictor effects of short-term memory and language ability by testing children of low socioeconomic status between the ages of three and four years on reading skills. The author points out that, if the relationship of short-term memory and language ability is predictive, this knowledge might be helpful to the clinician in deciding which children to refer to intervention programs.

Table of Contents
The Meaning of Reading
Proper Reading Development
Decompose Reading
Alphabetic Principle
Passage Comprehension
Normal Reading Ability in Children Ages 6-10
Early Development to Promote Reading
Language and Reading Ability
Dyslexia, a Common, Worldwide Phenomenon
Hyperlexia
Receptive and Expressive Language
Short Term Memory and Reading Ability
Dyslexia and Memory Correlated
Types of Attention
Short-term Memory and Environmental Factors
Purpose of the Study
Rationale

From the Paper
"Genetic factors also play an important role in future reading and learning disabilities. Though the specific genetic influences such as identification of a phonological awareness gene have yet to be identified, certain lingual characteristics are inherited. Bishop studied a cohort of children from 86 families. The children presented with language impairments. The hereditary problems could be identified through a test of non-word repetition. Such a hereditary relationship was not found among respondents among respondents from the general population. The study concluded, that non-word repetition, inherited or not, is indicative of potential reading and learning disabilities."

Tags:decoding, genetic, attention, dyslexua, hyperlexia

Abstract
This paper assesses the motivations of the adolescent individual to read. It begins by looking into what characterizes the age of adolescence and how this may affect an adolescent's desire to read and her success in reading. It also analyzes the effects of an individual adolescent's failure to be successful in reading. The paper also discusses how these factors need to be taken into account when planning classroom instruction in this area of learning.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background
Definitions & Terms of the Research
Present Issues
Concrete Instructional Practices/Strategies for Classroom Incorporation
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"Wigfield has identified the important of the beliefs of students in relation to their own competence in reading and the fact that adolescents are often more motivated for 'non traditional' reading than they are for 'in school' reading. Adolescents often suffer from resistance to reading and disaffection for reading which may overcome meaningful reading experiences and reading material that has connections to the subject area. Reading instruction that is collaborative has also been found to be effective in motivating adolescent learners in reading instruction. (Wigfield, nd)"
"Stated in the work of Alvermann is the important fact that while instructional practices that vary have been shown to have little effect on student reading levels and achievement 'engagement of students' has been shown to be "the mediating factor, or avenue" (2001) or path through which the instructor may use their classroom instructional practice for positively impact the outcome of the student in reading achievement and reading comprehension."

Tags:conceptual, summarizing, knowledge

Abstract
This paper proposes a research methodology to explore the effects Read 180 has on students with clearly identifiable disabilities or impairment as well as students with learning disabilities not associated with traditional disabilities or impairment. The proposed research will also examine the effect adaptations to Read 180 would have to assist students' with specific needs arising from cultural, socio-economic factors that may impede learning.

Outline:
Methodology
Sampling
Population
Instrument
Research Strategy
Research Design
Results

From the Paper
"The sampling procedures and rationale for following them are as follows. The sampling procedures will involve an assessment of two classrooms of fifth grade students from two separate schools. Sampling will include students with learning disabilities as described by the research questions presented for this study. Sampling will also include a classroom of no less than 20 students not utilizing the Read 180 system or a multi-faceted approach for learning. This will enable the researcher to compare the results obtained from special needs classrooms using diverse approaches with the results obtained from classrooms using traditional approaches to learning and achievement. "

Tags:disabilities, impairment, Scholastic

Abstract
This paper is an examination of the effectiveness of using small groups in teaching children how to read. The techniques of phonics and whole language reading will be explored as a part of this overall research, particularly how each technique can be utilized in a small group setting. Small group reading techniques will be compared and contrasted against individual reading techniques, as well.

Abstract
This paper investigates whether the Read 180 instructional reading program can effectively address the needs of individual students through adaptive and instructional software, direct instruction and high-interest literature for populations of students with special needs.

Outline:
Research Problem
Literature Review
Research Questions
Assumptions/Conclusions

From the Paper
"Rieck & Wadsworth (2005) suggest that accommodations in instructional strategies, such as those presented by Read 180 and assessment protocols are vital for students with special learning needs. The authors provide an analysis of six years of research of students with special needs from five different schools. They discover two misconceptions exist among general educators about special needs. First, educators often feel accommodations for special needs students suggest "lowering the standards" for these students, and second, the authors suggest educators "inappropriately equate assessment with paper-and-pencil tests" (p. 105). Using this line of thinking, Read 180 may provide a more useful tool for assessing and accommodating the needs of students by encouraging them to hold high standards for achievement, and assessing students using alternative rather than traditional means. "

Tags:special, needs, students

Abstract
This paper reviews "How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth" which gives the layman an introduction to evangelical Christian Biblical hermeneutics. In their discussion of the Bible, authors Gordon D. Fee and Douglas Stuart give special stress to the literary qualities of different sections of the Bible and the uniqueness of different Biblical genres. The authors attempt to provide clarity to debates whether the Bible should be taken literally within the evangelical community, stressing that genre is key to understanding how literally certain passages should be understood. The paper concludes by stating that this book is a good introduction for ordinary believers who wish to learn more about the original context of the Bible.

Outline:
Introduction: Summary
Summary: Issues Addressed
Summary: Major Themes
Analysis: Point of View, Ideological and Implicit and Explicit Perspective
What Kind of Evidence do they bring to Support their Viewpoint? Is it Adequate?
Analysis How Clear is the Argument? Does it Flow Logically? Are there Gaps, Inconsistencies, or Contradictions in the Discussion or Argument?
Conclusion: Of what Value is Book? What Does it Add to the Discourse?

From the Paper
"The book combines Biblical criticism with modern theology, but with a stress upon using the background of the Bible for today's spiritual community with an understanding of how the Bible applied to its original context. The book also includes advice on choosing a translation, acknowledging that most persons are not fluent in the original, now dead languages, of the original texts. When offering suggestions about selecting a translation, the authors prefer such works as Today's New International Version of the Bible, which includes gender-neutral language when referring to human beings. They believe this most appropriate for Christian communities today, given the social changes that have occurred in the world since the document's original authorship to an ancient audience. "

Tags:Bible, Christianity, Biblical, Criticism, Evangelical

Abstract
This three page undergraduate paper examines "Read Me, Not Them: The Rage Against the Elite and Mainstream Media" which offers convincing arguments that the mainstream media has been corrupted by corporate elitism and can no longer be trusted to provide objective news. The writer discusses that because media ownership is more concentrated than ever before, objective coverage and debate of public issues such as war, taxes, corporate crime, and pollution is disappearing right before our eyes.

From the Paper
""Read Me, Not Them: The Rage Against the Elite and Mainstream Media" offers convincing arguments that the mainstream media has been corrupted by corporate elitism and can no longer be trusted to provide objective news. Because media ownership is more concentrated than ever before, objective coverage and debate of public issues such as war, taxes, corporate crime, and pollution is disappearing right before our eyes."

Tags:mainstream, media, article