Abstract
This paper describes the history and uses of radio frequency identification (RFID). The author describes the history of radio frequency identification, especially as used during World War II. The paper further describes practical applications of radio frequency identification today, such as on toll roads and also in moving products to their destinations. The author uses Wal-Mart as an example, and also has several charts to demonstrate how RFID is used in industry. The paper concludes with potential uses for RFID in the future.

Outline:
History of Radio Frequency Identification
Fundamentals of Radio Frequency Identification
Exploring the type of RFID Tags
Active RFID Tags
Active Backscatter Tags
Passive Backscatter Tags
RFID's Future Applications
Figure 1: Comparing RFID Frequencies
Figure 2: Comparing RFID Tags and their Use
Figure 3: Exploring How RFID Works
Figure 4: RFID's Impact on a Manufacturer's Supply Chain
Table 1:
Mass customization manufacturing strategies which can be automated through RFID
Figure 5: Using RFID Technology to streamline the MRO Process
Figure 6: Authentication techniques using RFID to validate products using RFID

From the Paper
"The 1990s were a significant decade for RFID since it saw the widespread deployment of electronic toll collection in the United States according to AIM (2001). From the lessons learned in transportation and the work completed by IBM engineers who developed and patented an ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID system according to RFID Journal (2002) which could be read up to 20 feet away., the foundation for reading tags in motion from a distance was of immediate interest to mass merchandisers including Wal-Mart. The pioneering work IBM had done in UHF RFID was sold off to Intermec when the computer conglomerate encountered financial difficulties in the mid 1990s. Intermec, an industry leader in bar coding and material handling applications, struggled to make the technology a market success. What were missing were data standards and the ability to create Master Data Management repositories that could be queried and used for analysis."

Tags:RFID, radio, frequency, radio, frequency, identification

Abstract
This paper discusses the history of broadcast radio, with a focus on the pre-television golden age of radio. Various types of radio shows, and the similarities and differences with television broadcasting are examined. The effect of TV competition and rise of music as the primary form of radio broadcast is considered as well. The paper concludes with a overview of talk radio.

From the Paper
"In the early days of television the new medium was sometimes referred to as radio with pictures. This saying was soon forgotten as television came into its own and radio evolved in new directions. However it provides guidance into what radio was like in its golden age from the ... 's when broadcast radio first developed until the ...'s when a television set became a typical feature of an American home. Radio in the golden age was broadly television..."

Tags:radio, music, television, talk radio, broadcast, television

Abstract
This paper examines how the economic downturn has impacted Sirius XM radio, a station that was known as a premium subscription radio service, and charged a modest fee to its listeners. The paper describes XM, and how it was part of a larger consumer trend. It also discusses the original business model, which was developed in better economic times. Then, the paper addresses how the station intends to recover following its significant loss of advertisers due to the credit crunch. It also explores the stations bankruptcy filing and how the station stands to lose major talent. The paper concludes by noting that XM radio did not follow the cable TV model, and therefore has not been a success.

From the Paper
"To be fair to its founders, the concept of premium subscription radio services was born in a very different economic climate. Cheerfully disregarding the early naysayers, XM Radio founder Hugh Panero pointed out that once upon a time, people prophesized that cable television would never 'take off' but with the right type of broadcasting, it did, most notably HBO. XM boasted 68 commercial-free music channels, 21 traffic and weather channels, five or six news channels including Fox and CNN, when it was first launched. In 2005, Panero said: "It really is about just delivering quality content. And clearly, having 22 minutes of commercials on a local radio station--mostly talk, very little music and not the music you want to hear in many cases because it can't be supported by the economic model of a radio station--has basically drawn people to other alternative forms of getting content they want, whether it be satellite radio, whether it be, you know, iPod, whether it be the Internet, and we're just part of the revolution that's going on to satisfy the needs of people who want content when they want it in a very convenient way" (Smith 2005). The theory was that downloadable music had made consumers impatient with advertising, thus satellite radio would be the preferred alternative to listen to sports, music, and informative programming in cars."

Tags:talk radio, premium stations, satellite radio

Abstract
This paper is an overview of the history of radio, technology and programming. It deals with how radio first developed, the needs it met, and how it dealt with its change from a person to person to a broadcast medium. Radio is trying to adapt. The writer maintains that it will be interesting to see future technological changes and how these changes affect radio in the future.

From the Paper
"Radio took a surprisingly long period, several decades in fact, to move from a method designed for person to person communication to a mass entertainment media. In this it resembled modern cell phones, in that they are moving from means of person to person communications to also becoming means of portable entertainment. Broadcasting, the idea of sending a message or program, has done almost an opposite turn, with cable TV sending programs out over a wire. Radio was originally called wireless ..."

Tags:radio, networks, programming

Abstract
In the opening of this essay, the writer says the principal responsibility of a broadcast radio program director is to maximize profitability. Using this idea, the writer proposes the general duties and responsibilities required of a radio director. The final section is a description of the education and qualifications for that position.

Outline:
General Description of Vocational Responsibilities and Duties
Operational Responsibilities
Education and Qualifications

From the Paper
"One of the crucial decisions the program director is required to make is the overall format of radio programming in terms of focusing on music (and if so, on what kind or kinds), talk radio (and again, what kind or kinds) based on an accurate understanding of the corresponding needs of advertisers and the listening public within the station's primary market (Paro, 2009). The program director must be able to coordinate the sales pitches and marketing strategy of the advertising sales department with the character, sentiments, political orientation, cultural focus, and the prevailing social circumstances in the marketplace. In that regard, a fully integrated conceptual approach to client negotiations is much more likely to be effective than isolated unit functions in which there is little connection between the program content and the specific marketing concept (Hall & Hall, 2000)."

Tags:radio, mass media, communication

Abstract
The paper looks at the role of radio, in the years ranging from approximately the 1920s to the 1950s, in shaping the popular culture sensibilities of Americans in areas such as music and fashion as well as general attitudes towards authority and social organization. The paper hopes to show that radio "collectivized" Americans by bringing them together in a way that arguably no other previous medium ever did, at the same time as it became a powerful tool in the hands of elites looking to maintain the social "status quo" by providing Americans with shared experiences and with universal messages.

From the Paper
"There can be little question that radio has played a major role in the development of American popular culture during the last three-quarters of a century. With that in mind, this paper will look at the role of radio in the years ranging from approximately the 1920s to the 1950s in shaping the popular culture sensibilities of Americans in areas such as music and fashion as well as general attitudes towards authority and social organization. In the end, what the next several pages hope to show is that radio "collectivized" Americans by bringing them together in a way that..."

Tags:radio, american, culture

Abstract
This paper examines the current trend of people listening more frequently to conservative or "right wing" talk shows. It focuses on the shows of three hosts - John Carlson, Michael Savage and Rush Limbaugh and discusses how they have successfully adapted their conservative radio programs to compete with new forms of media.

From the Paper
"Imagine a view from the early 1920's; a family huddled together in front of their brand new radio. The children are excitedly waiting for the familiar sounds of "The Lone Ranger." Mom and Dad sit back, enjoying not only the family time together, but their moments of quiet relaxation. Eighty years ago this was the image most Americans conjure in their minds when they pictured the early day of radio. Today, radio has changed dramatically. The word radio no longer can describe the genera's housed under it. We have music radio, with pop, rock, country and jazz. Separate from musical radio is talk radio, which encompassed home and garden tips, health information, and, often, conservative opinion talk radio programs."

Tags:communication, limbaugh, mass, media, michael, radio, rush, savage

Abstract
This paper is a Porter's Five Forces analysis of the broadcasting industry in response to the Sirius and XM satellite radio case. The paper comprises both the television and radio arms of the industry.

Tags:Sirius XM, satellite radio, broadcasting industry, television, cable, Porter's Five Forces

Abstract
The paper looks at the beginnings of the KDKA radio broadcasting station and describes the events leading up to the first broadcast in 1920. The paper discusses the KDKA's growth through the years and explains how the station has managed to remain on the air for over 80 years.

From the Paper
"On November 2nd in 1920, four individuals in Pittsburgh, PA made history when they reported election results over airways, becoming one of the first broadcasting stations in the United States. While their broadcast consisted of only election results, their efforts brought personal, immediate information to listeners in a way that had never before been seen, and is commonly thought to be the birth of radio journalism (Finn, 294). While their original broadcast made history, the events preceding and following the occurrence made what was to become the KDKA radio station a landmark of radio broadcasting over the next 80 years."

Tags:broadcast, transmitter, radio, hosts

Abstract
This paper describes how 1930s radio impacted Americans, including FDR's fireside chats, programs like Amos 'n' Andy, and the War of the Worlds broadcast.

From the Paper
"America in the 1930s was still reeling from the crash of the stockmarket and the resulting Great Depression that began in 1929 and that by 1930, had caused one-third of the country's population to become unemployed. This backdrop made radio a much more important component of American life than before, and Radio infiltrated all aspects of American life, filling it with music, news, entertainment and advertisements. Unlike the medium of newspaper..."

Tags:radio, 1930s, FDR, Amos 'n' Andy, advertising, War of the Worlds, Orson Welles