Abstract
This paper is written in the first person and compares information found on three sites on the Internet about pulmonary embolism. The first website is more oriented at the seasonal effects of long flights and pulmonary embolism. The second website is a news website with an article about pulmonary embolism and air travel. The third website stresses the need for knowing more about pulmonary embolism and the environment in the airplane. The author draws conclusions and recommendations from the websites and checks with the New English Journal of Medicine's detailed study about the distance traveled by air and the number of patients who developed the condition to confirm the findings.

From the Paper
"My son and daughter-in-law had made plans for France. They landed at the airport and their daughter started to experience chest pains. The emergency unit at the airport checked her and told them something about it probably being pulmonary embolism. They took her to the hospital and my daughter-in-law called me to ask me about pulmonary embolism. I checked the search engines hoping to get directed to authentic information on the net about this. I came across three websites that seemed authentic and derived information from there and compared them."

Tags:blood, clot, lung, under-diagnosed, dr., geoffrey, westrich, air, travel, chest, pain, shortness, of, breath, malaise

Abstract
The discussion identifies the symptoms of a pulmonary embolism, the various forms of treatment that are available and the possible interventions of physicians in order to preserve a patient's life. The paper explains that due to the time sensitive nature of a pulmonary embolism, it is likely that many diagnoses will be fatal if not treated appropriately and explains that therefore these issues must be taken seriously at all times.

From the Paper
"In the world of illness and disease, various forms of infection often lead to significant problems that may be fatal for some patients. One such case is pulmonary embolism, which is typically caused by other underlying circumstances that often create a dangerous situation for patients suffering from this condition. It is necessary to identify the specific criteria that are related to this condition, which include the following: pathophysiology of the condition, tools for diagnosis, evaluation processes for consideration, possible interventions for implementation and issues related to this diagnosis in current practice. In a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, a number of symptoms are considered, including chest pain, abdominal pain and acute respiratory problems (Feied and Handler Para. 20)."

Tags:pulmonary, embolism, diagnosis

Abstract
The paper attempts to identify the economic and industry specific aspects of varying elasticities of demand for air travel in the United States. The paper explores the consumer's demand in accordance with the recent price increase trends in air travel. The paper then proposes a research study to better measure demand for air travel in the U.S. airline industry.

Outline:
Summary and Introduction
Air Travel Demand Elasticity Ratios
Literature Review
Methods for Measuring Demand for Air Travel in the U.S.

From the Paper
"The concept of elasticity involves the considerations for the occurring trends with consumer demand for a product, good or service that is increasing in price (Moffatt, 2005). As history has shown, when the price of a good or service climbs, the consumers resulting demand will decrease.
"Often, the consumer may begin purchasing less, taking advantage of similar goods or services of a competitor or withdraw entirely from the good or service that is increasing in price. To the degree to which demand decreases while product or service prices climb, the higher the price elasticity of demand. The price elasticity of demand is used to measure the exact economic scale of the correlation between the variances in the degree of demand for a good or service and the changes to their price."

Tags:airline, prices, consumers

Abstract
This paper discusses the reasons that airline security has been compromised over the years, explaining the changes that have been made since the 9/11 terrorist attack. It looks at some of the flaws that still exist as well as the technological advances that have been made. The paper finishes with a look at the future of air travel.

Outline:
Commercial Air Travel Security Prior to 9/11
Security Lapses on 9/11
Changes in Airline Security Post September 11
Flaws in the Outlined Airline Security Measures
Congress and Air Security
Future of Air Travel:

From the Paper
''Security Checks: Commercial airline security was quite lax prior to 9/11. Security checks were minimal both for passengers as well as cabin crew members. Passengers were asked to show their ID during check in and were asked merely two questions. These questions included whether the passengers had packed their own bags and whether they had seen their bags outside their control. Passengers were permitted to carry certain sharp objects on the plane like sharp scissors, pen knives and box cutters. The checking of shoes with a metal detector was rare. Passengers could arrive at the airport minutes before the flight without having to bother about delays resulting from security checks. (Hulnick, 2004); ("Airport security before 9/11", n. d.)
''It was common for friends and family members to accompany passengers to the gate to see them off. It was not mandatory for crew members to display their IDs and they were permitted to directly board the planes. They were not allowed to carry any kind of weapons on board. The cockpit doors used in some of the planes were weak and could be broken into. Passengers were permitted to use the toilet which was in close proximity to the cockpit. Airlines allowed the attendants to use sharp objects for cutting up food and also served hot food on cross-country trips. Many airlines did not bother to scan each and every bit of luggage that went aboard. The use of air marshals was quite common in the seventies. However, with a reduction in the threat perception this practice was discontinued. (Hulnick, 2004); ("Airport security before 9/11", n. d.)''

Tags:passengers, crew, threat

Abstract
This paper reveals that international air travel is not only the fastest-growing, but also the most polluting form of transportation. The paper explains the ways in which air travel disturbs the climate and discusses the limited responsive measures that have emerged internationally. The paper asserts that it is ironic that world governments exempted air travel from a treaty to control global warming.

From the Paper
"Air travel is considered one of the most fuel-guzzling forms of passenger transportation (Murray and Durning 2004). Airlines make up for fuel costs by packing passengers. But per mile, a jet actually burns almost as much energy and emits as much carbon dioxide as an average driven car would. The carbon dioxide and other gases it emits powerfully affect and change the climate because they are released at a high elevation. The effects of carbon dioxide alone double in a short period. Other pollutants disappear in time, but carbon dioxide remains in the air where it traps heat for decades. These short-term effects occur mostly in rich nations in the mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere (Murray and Durning)."

Tags:climate, global, warming, carbon, dioxide, fuel, ozone, pollution

Abstract
This paper discusses the new extensive security systems that have been implemented in the air travel sphere since September 11th, 2001. This paper examines the writing of one author who believes the new security measures are a positive thing and explores the various reasons why this author is right in his assertions.

From the Paper
"The whole process of air travel in this country has changed drastically since the events of September 11, 2001. After the terrorist attacks that destroyed the World Trade Centers and damaged the Pentagon, tightening and heightening security on airline flights became an important priority to both the government and to the people. It can not be denied that these increased security measures have caused some major changes to the way the nation flies today. The whole process of going to an airport and getting on an airplane is very different from what it was. As with any new thing, there has been some controversy over the changes that have taken place. While many have welcomed these changes as a sign that the government and the airlines are committed to protecting the flying public, others are crying foul, complaining that these new security changes are an invasion of privacy at best, and a violation of civil liberties at worst."

Tags:terrorism, 9-11, civil, liberty

Abstract
The Treaty on Open Skies establishes a regime of unarmed, aerial observation flights over the entire territory of its participants. This paper explains how the treaty is designed to enhance mutual understanding and confidence by giving all participants, regardless of size, a direct role in gathering information about military forces and activities of concern to them. It points out that Open Skies is the most wide-ranging international effort to date to promote openness and transparency of military forces and activities.

From the Paper
"Regulation of international air travel The Treaty on Open Skies establishes a regime of unarmed aerial observation flights over the entire territory of its participants. The treaty is designed to enhance mutual understanding and confidence by giving all participants, regardless of size, a direct role in gathering information about military forces and activities of concern to them. Open Skies is the most wide-ranging international effort to date to promote openness and transparency of military forces and activities."

Tags:agreements, air, airline, bilateral, international, management, open, regulation, skies, topics, travel

Abstract
To have an appropriate sense of the history of air travel in Canada, it is appropriate to look at the history and background of Air Canada. To wit, the Liberal government of Prime Minister Mackenzie King laid the foundation for modern Canadian air travel when, in 1937, it established Trans-Canada Air Lines (TCA) as a Crown Corporation charged with providing airline service within Canada's borders. This Crown Corporation, for what it is worth, was originally a wholly-owned subsidiary of the government-owned Canadian National Railway Corporation. From 1937 to 1959, the company had a monopoly on all domestic air routes and a monopoly on trans-border routes until 1967. During these years, it appears as though the federal Cabinet of Canada micro-managed many aspects of the company's business - right down to determining the airline's routes and fares.

From the Paper
Air Transportation of Canada To have an appropriate sense of the history of air travel in Canada, it is appropriate to look at the history and background of Air Canada. To wit, the Liberal government of Prime Minister Mackenzie King laid the foundation for modern Canadian air travel when, in 1937, it established Trans-Canada Air Lines (TCA) as a Crown Corporation charged with providing airline service within Canada's borders. This Crown Corporation, for what it is worth, was originally a wholly-owned subsidiary of the government-owned Canadian National Railway Corporation. From 1937 to 1959, the company had a monopoly on all domestic air routes and a monopoly on

Tags:air, transportation, canada

Abstract
The air traffic control system was designed in the 1950s and has changed little since that time except to increase in size along with the increase in air travel. The system has been strained at times and represents a very stressful work environment for air traffic controllers. The system is viewed as still safe, but at the same time, demands have been made that the system be modernized as the size of air traffic continues to increase.

From the Paper
The air traffic control system was designed in the 1950s and has changed little since that time except to increase in size along with the increase in air travel. The system has been strained at times and represents a very stressful work environment for air traffic controllers. The system is viewed as still safe, but at the same time, demands have been made that the system be modernized as the size of air traffic continues to increase. Plans along those lines have been made and proposed and are being considered. New technologies are being recommended for inclusion in the future ATC system, such as satellite navigation and positioning. This idea was

Tags:air, traffic, control

Abstract
This paper examines how for many years, ships were the only means of travel between many parts of the world and therefore, were a major means of transportation. Today, air travel has become the preferred means of travel, especially when there is a need to travel long distances and one is short of time. It looks at how point-to-point steamship travel may connect one to ones destination, but this mode of transport is by no means as popular as is sailing purely for pleasure, on a cruise. Cruise travel is usually a round trip and is considered as a total unit, while point-to-point steamship travel is undertaken between two or more ports.

Outline
Introduction
Then and Now
Air Travel or Ship Cruise?
Booking and Overbooking
Delayed and Cancelled Flights
Check-In
Baggage
Cost
Frequent Flyer Programs
Customer Satisfaction
The Cabin
Seating for Dinner
Food
Entertainment, Fun and Games
Massage and Beauty Parlors
Shore Excursions
Safety
Health
Travel Insurance

From the Paper
"Today, the scene has changed, and cruise lines are bringing their ships nearer home. Cruises of short duration are now to be had for the asking, are more affordable than ever before, and cater largely to the younger crowd. Some lines cater to the singles groups, some to honeymooners, and some to families with reduced rates. Nearly 40% of all first-time passengers are under 34, and 62% are under 55. Plenty of ships now sail out from ports like Miami, Ft. Lauderdale and Los Angeles, as well as from New Orleans, Tampa, Galveston and San Diego. The addition of many new departure points from the U.S. mean that your ports of call are almost unlimited, and that one can drive up to a cruise, altogether eliminating the hassles of air travel such as airport queues, foreign airports and immigration lines. This is especially relevant, given the implementation of new and often frustrating airport security checks."

Tags:health, safety, baggage, cost, insurance