Abstract This paper discusses what public relations means to a company's success and what effective public relations are supposed to achieve for a company. The paper explains that effective public relations is dependant on the company's ability to provide a positive company image to the public, focus on the stakeholders related to the company and produce a public relations plan that will serve as a guide for all public relations issues. The paper also explains that companies that are capable of in-depth planning with regard to public relations have the ability to handle any issues that arise with positive outcomes. This includes damage to the company's image for any number of reasons and the company's ability to recover successfully. The recovery will ultimately be dependant on the image that the public has of the organization and the public's knowledge of honest concern that the business has in association with the public as stakeholders in the business.
Abstract This paper serves as a proposal for the study of research findings on questions relating to the overall quality of public schools and private schools in America. The author has devised a research study,which is to include the collection of data from a broad spectrum of relevant sources, such as current students of public and private schools, parents and guardians of students in public and private schools, teachers and administrators from public and private schools, graduates and alumni from public and private schools, and finally the general public. The questions the research study is to focus on are: (1) Which type of school is perceived as providing the highest quality education to students? (2) Which type of school is perceived as being the best value? (3) How should public and private schools co-exist and function within our society? and (4) Which subsets of the population (current students, former students, parents of students, school staff, and others) hold which opinions? This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter summarizes the purpose of the research study and defines public and private education. The second chapter is a literature review, detailing previous research and then suggesting that this body of work is insufficient to fully address the question of public vs. private education. The third chapter presents the methodology of the author's study, including how the population sample is to be chosen, what questions are to be asked of that sample population, and how the results of this survey are to be calculated.
Outline:
Chapter One
Introduction
Background of Study
Statement of the Problem
Purpose
Significance of the Study
Research Questions
Assumptions and Delimitations
Definitions
Summary
Chapter Two: Literature Review
Chapter Three
Methodology
Research Design
Site Setting
Population
Sample
Measurement Methods
Procedure
Ethical Considerations
Summary
List of Appendices
From the Paper "As this first chapter has demonstrated, there is a great deal of research that must be conducted in the area of school and education. The current educational system is divided into two major subsections: private schools and public schools. Public schools are funded by taxes and regulated by the government, while private schools are independently run and funded, with different laws and regulations for each of them in every school district and state. However, it is obvious that both of these types of schools are still experiencing difficulties and have not become ideal institutions as of yet. There are many social factors which are affecting and being affected by the state of the schools, and it is important for the future of youth and society as a whole that the educational system be properly evaluated so that improvements can be made. Public schools and private schools both demonstrate some positive traits as well as some negative. In order to get a complete image of the current state of public and private schools, the opinions, experiences, and suggestions of all related populations must be taken into consideration; current students of public and private schools, former students of public and private schools, parents of students of public and private schools, staff of public and private schools, and people who do not attend, work at, or have children in school all must have input into a complete survey of the school situation."
Abstract This paper discuses the transition from public administration to public governance. The author examines specific issues relevant to the practice of public governance. The paper highlights the application of public governance concepts, techniques and practices to strengthen accountability in public service and to maintain the integrity of public funds.
From the Paper "From the recording clerks of ancient Egypt to the bureaucracy of Weber to formalized public administration, the process of government is undergoing a new metamorphosis into public governance. The future of governance ..."
Abstract The paper discusses public relations and its popular conceptions. The paper also discusses the author's interpretations of what constitutes public relations, as well as how various professional researchers and bodies view public relations. Finally, a consensus is reached regarding the nature of public relations and what public relations means to the various bodies that utilize public relations as a unique business activity.
From the Paper "This author's concept of public relations (PR) is that it comprises the identity of a company or organization that the company's, or organization's, internal and external customers perceive. PR forms the voice of a given enterprise through which that enterprise speaks to its constituents whether internal or external. While most individuals might equate PR with media relations, speech writing and composing press releases, it occupies a much more important, albeit less defined role, within an enterprise that most might believe. Effective PR strategies are the single most important function within an organization during times of crises and how a company's PR function manages a crises can either ensure that the organization continues as a viable enterprise or, alternatively, ensure that it no longer maintain sufficient revenues to remain in business."
This paper identifies the various publics involved in this public relations case study of Tylenol and attempts to differentiate between the internal and external publics.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, 2006, $ 35.95
Abstract This paper presents a public relations case study on Tylenol. The paper identifies the different publics involved in the case study as the American consumers who had grown to rely on the business and the product. These consumers were especially important in the Chicago area where the deaths linked to the use of Tylenol had occurred. Stakeholders and employees within the company that contributed to making the product or invested in the product over time are also identified as members of the varying publics in the case study. Additionally, the paper identifies the state and federal governments that were involved in the case because it involved illegal activity, as well as the local police and federal authorities that were attempting to investigate the matter as members of the different publics.
Abstract This paper gives an in-depth analysis of the role of public relations for today's global companies, with particular focus on marketing and management strategies. The paper includes a literature review which helps define a best practices model for this field. Several other models of public relations are taken from current research in emerging global companies. The importance of the Internet is described as a public relations tool, with applicable sites listed.
Outline:
Introduction
Emergence of Public Relations Maturity Model
Model of Market-Driven Organization, Synchronized Across Functions
Figure 1: Public Relations as being Demand Driven
Figure 2: Public Relations Maturity Model
Literature Review
Figure 3: Sales-force.com PR Manager Dashboard Interface
Turning the Position of Trusted Advisor into a Competitive Advantage
Completing Market Segmentation Based on Trust
Values-Based Segmentation Strategies and Pricing
Organizational and Customer Value Alignment and Relationships
ROI Analysis Literature Review
Nordstrom's Case Study: How Public Relation's Stressing Value Impacts Company Culture
Areas of Future Research
Bibliography or Works Cited
From the Paper "The second critical success factor emerging from the research completed is the challenge of continually defining value both from a product and services perspective across multiple geographies. Respondent scores reflect a global focus of retaining credibility through stressing value-based selling over features, functions, benefits and other product-centric messaging including price. This second critical success factor centers on positioning and messaging with high credibility to support the trusted advisor role. Researchers mention that this approach to building credibility both supports the trusted advisor role and gets their companies away from selling only product features, which in many industries makes the selling process even more difficult. This second critical success criteria reflects the impact of market-driven organizations on product strategies. It is evident from the market-driven organizations in the sampling base there is a much stronger triad link between marketing, public relations, analyst relations, and investor relations. Imagining an overlapping Venn diagram of these items a best practices model emerges for messaging synchronization across a global enterprise."
Abstract Public administrators must balance the needs of the public with the available resources and take a long-term approach to many of the decisions facing them. Throughout this process, the public administrator must choose from alternatives (sometimes from many alternatives), each of which may well serve the public's interests, but only a few of which are in the public's best interest. The paper shows that the decision making, or problem solving, process can be broken down into six phases, some of which overlap in some situations. It discusses all six of these phases: recognizing the need for a decision; identifying the objectives; identifying alternatives; evaluating alternatives; selecting the best alternative; and implementing the decision.
From the Paper "Brainstorming and cause-and-effect diagrams can be used to help isolate problems. Through these methods, individuals involved in the problem solving process can determine what the underlying cause of the problem is rather than just approach the problem from the symptom standpoint. These techniques, particularly brainstorming, can also be used to generate alternative solutions later on in the decision making process. Unfortunately, these techniques can be difficult to use when working with the public interest. Staff members can use brainstorming during private sessions, and then present the ideas generated at those sessions during public hearings. Ideally, key public representatives can be included in the decision making process to help identify and separate the public interest from the public best interest using these techniques."
Abstract This paper discusses aspects of public policy administration and then applies them to a case study regarding public transportation. The paper presents a summary of the case, which involves the Metro Market Development. The paper also discusses the goal of public policy processes in general and examines the intersection between public and private responsibilities.
Tags: case study, transportation, public policy, public administration
Abstract The paper discusses how public health nursing has made a large impact on society, from its very beginnings. The paper describes how, under the auspices of Lillian Wald, one of the originators of the field, public health nursing was first introduced to the poor and indigent population and in the schools. Today, public health nursing has an impact across the social strata. This paper analyzes the impact that public health nursing has had on American society both in the past and in the future. It will focus on the early history of the field, largely concentrating on the contributions made by Lillian Wald. In addition, it will offer some brief discussion of significant events in public health nursing from the time of Wald until today.
Abstract Much confusion troubles the field of public relations. Many wonder exactly what public relations professionals actually do and what their field entails. Analyzing the definition of public relations should help remove some of the mystery from the industry by specifying what public relations is and what it isn't. To this end three, this paper reviews three different definitions of the term 'public relations'.
From the Paper "To this end, three different definitions of the term 'public relations' will be reviewed. These will come from the official definition provided by the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA), as well as from the definition in use by the Institute of Public Relations (IPR), as well as the definition given by public relations professional, Stacey Cohen. These definitions will be compared and contrasted, and in the end, my own personal definition will be given, along with my reasoning behind why there are such differences in definitions of the same term, throughout the industry."
Abstract The paper provides an overview of scholarly research on the debate of whether the public is qualified to govern. The paper focuses on four main areas concerning whether the public is capable of governing. These are (1) a lack of political knowledge by the general population; (2) response instability, lack of a coherent ideology and quality of public opinion; (3) individuals governing as a collective unit; and (4) the political environment and citizen competence.
Outline:
Lack of Political Knowledge
Response Instability, Lack of a Coherent Ideology and Quality of Public Opinion
Can the Collective Public Govern?
The Political Environment and Citizen Competence
From the Paper "Public opinion claims to be the voice of the people, a clear and direct utterance from the citizenry. It is indispensable to the legitimacy of all governments which claim to draw their power from the "consent of the governed," and the very idea of democracy requires the people to take part in political discussion and decision making. In theory, a democracy works best when the people actively attend to public affairs, with their opinions soundly reasoned and logically consistent. However, there is a tension at the core of self-rule and public opinion. On one hand lies the theoretical ideal to be played by the citizenry, and on the other, the reality that the public does not match up to these ideals. Therefore, in a governmental system founded on the principle of "rule by the people," the question is: are the people capable of governing in a participatory democracy?"
Abstract The paper states that public administration is crucial to the achievement of developmental aims and that it is substantially inextricable from its wider governance and societal structures and social milieus. The paper relates that an important unit of analysis is the nature of institutions and the "inherently" perceived phenomenon of power dynamics. The concept of power is important in understanding the intra- and inter-organizational political dynamics and reality of public institutions. The paper further states that it is crucial to understand the nature and role of public administration in society in light of globalization and changing role of the state. Lastly, the paper looks at the evolving role of public administration as an instrument of the state in "serving" citizens.
Outline:
Power and Institutions
Intergovernmental Relations: Bargaining and Negotiating
Public Administration in Democratic Governance
UNDP Governance Characteristics
Role of Government
Development Goals (MDGs)
From the Paper "Thus, there is an imminent need to provide for a more balanced and holistic perspective of power in institutions so as to mitigate its predatory consequences and ensure positive implications on current normative trend espousing respect for human rights and rights of minority. The benign conceptualization of power dynamics in political institution, in a way, has a terrible effect on policies and public administration as it would seem espousing for institutionalized discrimination and oppression while benefiting others (usually those holding power or associated with them)."
Abstract This paper explores the differences in publicity and advertising in terms of their impact on the public.
The author explains when companies need to do proactive PR planning and When they need to utilize reactive crisis management. The paper relates the impact of positive and negative PR in daily life and gives examples.
From the Paper "Harris Diamond is Chief Executive Officer of the public relations firm Weber Shandwick Worldwide. According to Diamond, there are a number of key global public relations trends. Public relations is growing in importance worldwide. More companies are coordinating their advertising public relations and other marketing services every day. Word of mouth is still the most important form of human communication. Influencing what people say and feel how they receive and process messages how they communicate and pass on information to others and ..."
Tags:Public relations, PR, advertising, marketing plan, press release, reinforcing messages, poractive and reactive public relations, global public relations trends
Abstract This paper shows the balance between the negative and positive aspects of public schools. Similarly, it reflects that home schooling provides an ideal atmosphere for a child under close supervision but has certain limitations too.The biggest advantage the home schools offer is the protection from the violence, sex, drugs and other social ills that is now a common phenomenon in the public schools. The public schools may be infested with serious problems, but they are still indispensable to the intellectual, emotional and psychological growth of young minds. The intellectual growth at homes and social grooming at public schools are shown to be equally important. Both these options provided are shown to provide endless opportunities to learn and grow.
From the Paper "Education is most important facet of any society. Educated youth is an asset which contributes to progress, development and evolution of civilization. Human beings are naturally blessed with enormous potentials. Education is the knowledge of putting one's potentials to maximum use. When we think of education, the first thing which comes to our minds is the educational institution or the school. Since centuries, the most common form of getting formal education is through Public Schools. However, it has been observed that in last two to three decades, the Public School education is going down the slope. There are numerous questions raised as to the quality of education being imparted and the illicit extra-curricular activities the students are indulging while attending Public Schools. Parents are now getting apprehensive of sending their children to Public Schools and are forced to think of safe alternatives."
Abstract This paper discusses effective public relations programs. It further examines the elements of public relations that have been successful for various companies across the globe, and how these methods were instituted. The paper then demonstrates that effective public relations requires a structural foundation of goals within the company for the public relations professionals to refer to in times of crisis, as well as profit.
From the Paper "Many modern public relations professionals do not wish to be viewed as mere sales people attempting to market a product. However, researchers contend that every company has a purpose of promoting their business in order to achieve the goals of obtaining profits. Effective public relations programs do not lose sight of this goal. Furthermore, these programs incorporate a variety of practices that lead the company toward relations with the community, the media, and the global consumer that develop trust, loyalty, and a sense of good will that is reflected on the business product. Without these guidelines for effective public relations management companies have a difficult time reaching their full potential in today's growing global marketplace. Gary Ernst (2004) suggests that the exceptional public relations program should include: 1. Increasing knowledge about your company. 2. Stimulating referrals or advocacy. 3. Generating a sense of community involvement."
