Abstract This work examines reasons for protecting the farmindustry in the U.S. and researches the history, as well as the origin of protectionism in the farmindustry. The paper questions who is protecting the farmingindustry and looks at the advantages, as well as the disadvantages. The paper also examines who is gaining and who is suffering from this policy.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Historical Information
Tariff Timeline
Protectionism: The Facts
Advantages of Protectionism
Disadvantages of Protectionism
Who Gains from Protectionism
Failing Farms - Hungry People
Saving Farms - Feeding the Hungry
Summary and Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper "Those gaining from protectionist laws are "special interest groups" such as big corporations, unions, farmer's groups and others who have political clout and money to back their interests in seeing laws favorable for them passed. These groups intend to get away with charging higher prices and getting higher wages than could normally be expected in a free market. According to Walter Black, Senior Economist, Fraser Institute, Canada, "Protectionism is a misnomer. The only people protected by tariffs, quotas and trade restriction are those engaged in uneconomic and wasteful activity. Free trade is the only philosophy compatible with international peace and prosperity.""
Tags: Pat, Buchanan, trade, liberalization, congress, agriculture
Abstract This paper looks at the focus, impact and consequences of U.S. farm policies. In particular, it examines the 1996 Farm Bill, policy changes instituted in 1985, and the 2002 Farm Act. The paper concludes with an analysis of the consequences, whether positive or negative, of the Freedom to Farm Act.
From the Paper "The United States has always supported its farmers through a number of different policies. This policy has included programs designed to distribute the nation's land in an equitable fashion, increase productivity, raising the standard of living of American farmers and helping them to market their products (Westcott and Price, 2001). US farm policy since the 1930s focused on price and income supports. Until the introduction of the 1996 Farm Bill, the price support system relied on a series of acreage limits and storage programs (Westcott and Price, 2001)."
Abstract This paper discusses a case study that centers on industrial change and management thereof within the context of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Industrial change is seen as central not only to achieving international economic and financial integration but also at ensuring local and regional quality of life and living standards by developing effective measures to protect indigenous industrial competitiveness.
From the Paper "The New York Analyzing Group (NYAG) has identified the various aspects of industrial change (IC) in relation to political, financial, technology, and global competition as being of central importance to the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region and its ability remain relevant in the 21st century (1998, para.2). Managing IC within this context is the main predictor of how the GCC performs economically over the next 20 years because IC integration within economic regions and within industries is critical to future success in economically integrated zones: The emergence and growth of European monetary integration also has implications for the role and scope of positive industrial policy. "
Abstract This paper takes a look at the practice of factory farming in the United States. While the paper concedes that these new age farms have found innovative ways to produce meat and food for the increasing demand, the methods involved, crowded conditions, and problems caused to the environment are less than beneficial. The author describes how the factory farms have deteriorated the environment by polluting waterways and producing greenhouse gases as well as the unnatural and overcrowded conditions that livestock now live in. The paper also mentions the additional health problems that humans will encounter as we eat the products from these farms and fill our bodies with unnatural bi-products. In closing, the author urges the public to stop destroying the environment by overconsumption and to support free range farmers.
From the Paper "The United States livestock industry is certainly not the shining example of how animals should be treated, but it is certainly a vital part of agriculture in this country. There has been a major shift in the way livestock is produced and grown in the last several decades. Small family farms have been replaced by large corporately owned factory farms. These new age farms have caused major problems for our environment, our health, and our animals. Huge factory farms have become the predominant method of raising livestock, and the crowded conditions in these facilities have caused water and air pollution, caused health problems, and caused harm to overall public health. There is no doubt that these farms have found innovative ways to produce meat and food for our increasing demand, but these ways are simply not healthy for humans, animals, and the earth."
Abstract This paper looks into the problem of global warming and its possible effects on the farmingindustry. The problem of global warming is believed to have significant effects on agriculture in the long run but it is important to find out what would be its short-term effects.
Abstract The Canadian agricultural industry has lobbied the Canadian federal and provincial governments for a number of years for greater attention upon the needs of this industry. However, while all industries and their stakeholders lobby governments for assistance in various respects, the agricultural industry is unique for both the highly public nature of its lobbying and the consistency of issues upon which this sector is focused. This paper explains that the agricultural industry is one of the most significant industries in Canada and then discusses the Canadian agricultural industry's lobbying efforts.
Abstract This paper explores the causes of the Industrial Revolution, suggesting that the primary cause was the occurrence of an "Agriculture Revolution" in Britain in the century following 1750. In exploring this topic, the paper also describes the causes and outcome of the Agricultural Revolution, features of the Industrial Revolution, the social consequences of the Industrial Revolution, as well as Karl Marx's and Emile Durkheim's theories about the Industrial Revolution.
From the Paper "Most historians are in agreement that the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain following mid 1700s could not have been sustained if enough food was not available to feed the country's rapidly growing population during the period . On all previous occasions of rapid population growth in the country's history, i.e., in the Roman period, around 1300, and in 1650, lack of sufficient food for a population larger than 5~6 million, had proved a stumbling block for further population growth. However, the mid-eighteenth century saw a number of developments in agriculture that enabled sufficient growth in agricultural output to support a much larger population. These developments and the resultant growth in the output of food crops can be considered as nothing short of an ?Agricultural Revolution.? (Overton, 2002)"
Abstract From medieval times to the Victorian era, many areas in England became prosperous from the trade in wool and woollen textiles. This paper describes the reasons for the success and how the industry evolved to embrace new technology while catering to new fashions. By considering two parishes in West Yorkshire, it examines the character of the people, the development of amenities and markets and the effect on the locality of the industry's decline.
Outline
A Cottage Industry Industrialisation
Mechanisation
The 'Fancy' Trade
Kirkburton
Penistone
Bibliography
From the Paper "The wool trade was an important national export as early as the 12th Century, although clothes had been made from wool for a long time before then. Thirty thousand sacks were shipped abroad each year in the 13th Century, mostly to Flanders where there was a highly-developed cloth industry dependent upon English wool. Customs duty was levied in 1275 and this may have helped to stimulate industry in England. Fulling , mills powered by water were built in the country to shrink felt and scour cloth; by the end of the 13th Century there were significant numbers in the Yorkshire West Riding, the Lake District, Wiltshire and the West Country."
Abstract In this article, the writer studies the farm policies in America during the Eisenhower and Kennedy years. The writer places primary focus on the specific moves of President Kennedy in this field. The writer discusses President Kennedy's actions, including raising farmer income, improving supply management and using farm surpluses to augment other programs.
From the Paper "...... American agricultural production grew dramatically while the number of farm workers declined by nearly one-third. What some historians have described as nearly miraculous agricultural productivity was achieved. This was accomplished as a consequence of greater crop specialization, intensive use of fertilizers and increased mechanization of farm work itself. The decline of the family farm and the growth of what came to be called agri-business changed the environment in which agricultural production in the United States took place. Larger farmers benefited ... "
Tags: John F. Kennedy, farm policy, Benson, farm surpluses, Eisenhower
Abstract This paper explains that a business continuity plann is the method or process whereby financial institutions ensure the protection or recovery of operations, including services to customers, when confronted with adverse events such as natural disasters, technological failures, human error or terrorism. The author points out that the research indicates that the Oman banking industry has an idea of what it should be doing for its business continuity plans, but instead, it looks primarily at the I.T. situation, which is important but fails to develop plans for all of the necessary phases of the banking business. The paper stresses that the strongest recommendation, which can be made for the Oman banking industry and for other businesses, is the need for redundancy in every phase of the operation, even maintenance of records outside the country. Tables and graphs.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Introduction and Background
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Theoretical Basis
Limitations of the Study
Definition of Terms
Organization of the Remainder of the Study
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Research Design and Approach
Population and Sample
Collection and Tabulation of Data
Data Analysis Procedures
Policy Document for a Business Continuity Plan in the Oman Banking Industry Analysis of the Data, Results, and Discussion
Summary, Conclusion, and Recommendations
From the Paper "Some banks, of course, do already have these plans, although it is a small number. Of the banks that do not have one and are not working toward one, cost seems to be the key. Creating and implementing this type of plan and ensuring that it is updated and adjusted properly is a time consuming, difficult, and often expensive thing for banks and other businesses to do, and it is understandable that some banks would be reluctant to create a business continuity plan for these reasons. However, banks should look toward these expenses not as costs, but as an investment toward the safety and security of their future."
Abstract This paper examines the history of federal support for farming and analyzes how effective it has been. The historical and economic background of the current crisis in American farming is also examined. The paper looks at the impact of the Grange movement, the Dust Bowl catastrophe, poor farming and land management methods and federal subsidies to farmers.
From the Paper "We tend to think of the current crisis faced by American farmers in which each year farmers are forced to leave a profession and a calling that their families have often practiced for generations sometimes ..."
Abstract This paper discusses the issues of should the Nantucket Sound wind farm be allowed to proceed and do the apparent benefits outweigh the risks that opponents have outlined? In a word: yes. According to the paper, the Nantucket Sound wind farm proposal should move forward in its development. It represents a renewable source of clean electricity that has minimal impact upon the region--both environmentally and economically. The coming years will see ever-increasing costs for nonrenewable sources of electricity such as coal and natural gas. The Nantucket Sound region has the ability to produce much of its own electricity, cheaply and efficiently. The region should take advantage of that resource.
Abstract This paper analyzes the various themes in George Orwell's novel "Animal Farm." The paper explores the contrasts between the setting of a farm, the characters being animals, and the serious political messages of the book. The paper's author concludes that Orwell used these contrasts in order for the reader to constantly question the themes of the novel.
From the Paper "The novel Animal Farm by George Orwell is considered as one having important and serious themes. Orwell is writing about the nature of power, the corruption of power, the nature of society, as well as a basic theme about good and evil. The importance of these themes suggests that the novel is one that Orwell wanted people to take seriously. The importance of these themes also suggests that the novel is one for an adult audience. These aspects of the novel create questions about why Orwell wrote it the way he did. Why did he base the novel on an animal farm, where the animals reject the humans and take over the farm? Why does Orwell have pigs as the main characters? These aspects of the novel do not seem to match the important themes of the novel. Yet, it must be assumed that Orwell had a purpose in selecting the setting, the characters, and the style of the novel. These issues will now be explored in detail, with the purpose being to understand what Orwell was trying to achieve with the novel."
Abstract The cruise Industry is growing rapidly, but if there is one thing that threatens to undermine its progress, it is lack of accountability in this segment of leisure travel industry. This paper first examines the growth of this industry and later highlights the key problems that need to be resolved effectively to protect the industry from possible disintegration and decline in future.
From the Paper "It is believed that no segment of leisure travel industry is growing as fast as the cruise industry. According to an estimate by The Cruise Lines International Association, number of cruise travelers went up to 6.5 million in the last few years of 1990s, which was a 51 percent increase from 1995 (Sloan, 1999). One of the best and most productive years for this industry was 1998-1999 when the number of cruise travelers increased rapidly. During this years, occupancy rate was 91% while the five millions passengers opted for cruise travel instead of regular travel. (Corzo, 1999) In 1999, number of passengers increased dramatically thus paving way for further growth in the coming years. But the while the industry on the whole grew steadily during 2000 and 2001, a decline was noticed in number of American passengers as operators look towards Europe for more business and profits."
Abstract This paper presents a general outline of an industrial plant emergency plan by describing the roles of various members of the response team. The situations in which the plan would be put into action are also detailed. The chain of command in determining when an emergency situation has occurred is highlighted along with the various responses the team may choose to take. The paper concludes that any changes in such a plan must be reviewed by the team manager.
Table of Contents:
Objectives
Scope
Organization
Emergency Initiation
Emergency Response Team (ERT)
Industrial Plant Emergency Task Force (IPETF)
Emergency Information Center (EIC)
Requirements of the Industrial Plan Emergency Plans and Procedures
Criminal, Terrorist and Bomb
Fire Protection Plan
Medical Emergency Response Plan
Earthquake and Flood Control Plan
Major Power Outage Plan
Information Security Plan
Other Plans and Basic Format of the Plans
Bibliography
From the Paper "The ERT is responsible for the maximum protection of personnel, physical and digital assets and resources of the facility. The team shall remain in control of the emergency situation under the direction and management of the ERT Commander until the situation has been declared by the ERT Commander as contained or controlled. The ERT shall comprise members of the Industrial Security and Information Security Teams trained in various aspects of emergency planning and response procedures. They shall have undergone the following training (Community Emergency Response Team, 2007):..."
