Abstract This paper discusses the controversial issue of poverty, poverty in the USA, what poverty in a developing country such as Ethiopia is, what the solutions appear to be for ending poverty, and who is ultimately responsible for poverty. The paper concludes that poverty is something best resolved through education and informational exchange across countries and that the blame for poverty should not be affixed to those who are poor, but to those in government whose poor decision-making have exacerbated poverty in some communities.
Abstract This paper examines a number of issues involving the poverty of children in the UK. First, the author examines statistics of poverty and its immediate consequences. Then the paper points out possible long-term consequences of children raised in poverty, such as health and education. Also considered are the causes of poverty. A study of the city of Derry and its children living in poverty is a focal point of the paper. The paper concludes citing the growing gap between those with viable incomes and those living in dire circumstances.
From the Paper "According to the Government, joblessness is the primary cause of poverty, thus helping people into the employment arena is central to its anti-poverty strategy (Tackling). Rather than targeting unemployment, the Government has targeted "joblessness,' with policies designed "not to create shops, but to influence who gets them and how well off people will be in work" (Tackling). The two key themes in the Government's active labor market policy are individualization of support to help people into work and the use of compulsion (Tackling). However, the Government has "introduced the toughest benefit penalties ever faced by unemployed people, and the extension of compulsion could distort an undermine the effectiveness of employment services" (Tackling). "
Abstract This paper addresses poverty, both in the US and abroad. It presents statistics on poverty in the First and Third Worlds, as well as using portrayals of poverty in contemporary fiction and nonfiction: "Jihad vs. McWorld", "The Handmaid's Tale", and "The Bone People."
Tags: SOCIOLOGY / SOCIAL PROBLEMS, poverty in local
Discussion of factors that contribute to the high child poverty percentage among single mother homes, families whose parents' employment is non-standardized, immigrants, visible minorities, Aboriginals and children with disabilities.
Abstract This paper examines the grave issue concerning child poverty that exists in Canada, as 15.6% of Canadian children are currently living below the poverty line. Within the paper, certain social groups are examined that have a high representation of child poverty. Among these are single mother homes, families whose parents' employment is non-standardized, immigrants, visible minorities, Aboriginals, and children with disabilities. For each of these social groups, there is an explanation of the factors that led the particular group to have a high child poverty percentage.
From the Paper "1,065,000 children, or nearly one in six of Canada's children remain in poverty. Following five straight years of decline, in 2002, there was a jump in the child poverty rate, recorded as 15.6% (StatsCan). Although the constant decline in the previous years was seen as a positive step and possibly a continuing trend, this notion was quickly discarded once the level jumped in the opposite direction than anticipated. In order to properly understand the issue concerning child poverty, one must examine what social groups are mostly affected by poverty and the reasons and factors that influence a household income level, which determines who lives under the poverty line. Exposing itself to one third of children in Canada for at least one year, child poverty is a grave and serious issue within our nation. Although it is not especially restricted to, child poverty is largely represented among certain social groups, such as those raised by a female sole parent or parents whose employment is non-standardized, immigrants, visible minorities, Aboriginals, and children with disability."
Tags: aboriginals, child, children, classes, disabilities, families, groups, immigrants, kids, minorities, mothers, non, poverty, single, social, societal, standardized, visible, welfare, work
Abstract In this paper, the article by Jacobs that reflects Galbraith's theory on Insular and Case Poverty shows certain principles that are correctly adhered to in certain ways, but are delineated in other cases by government corruption. In this manner, many Southeast Asian countries are underdeveloped or overdeveloped depending on how governments structure their class systems. By analyzing this article, there is a greater comprehension of how class is developed through governmental support or non-support in relation to defining aspects of poverty in the modern era.
From the Paper "This poverty study critically analyzes the idea of Case Poverty and Insular Poverty in the article "John Kenneth Galbraith: The Position of Poverty" by Lee Jacobs. By understanding the different types of poverty that keep many in the lower echelons of society, Galbraith positions that Case Poverty is a real concept in determining those that cannot function effectively within society. By critical evaluating this concept, one can argue that Galbraith shows a great deal of insight into poverty, and what factors keep members of a population in the lower classes through government intervention. The first defining aspect of Case Poverty is clearly related by Galbraith in identifying those that cannot function on the same level as other members within a given society."
Abstract This paper looks at the effects of poverty on standardized testing and education in general. It looks at how there are many causes and effects of poverty, and many other factors to be considered when taking poverty into account in analyzing test scores. Some of the other factors include race, state of the schools, teacher availability, overcrowding and the inferior conditions of the school buildings. The paper determines that overall poverty has a negative effect on education and testing.
From the Paper "When you think of kids who score extremely well on high-stakes tests like the California Achievement Test, the SAT, and others, do you think of poor non-white children in overpopulated run-down inner-city schools with insufficient books and supplies and a harried, underpaid, under-appreciated teacher? No. It is not actually surprising to learn that standardized test scores are lower in areas with lower incomes and higher poverty rates. It does not take a National Merit Scholar to understand that "bad" schools do not produce many academic overachievers, but the complexity of the issue might not be so readily apparent. The overwhelmingly negative effects of poverty on standardized test scores result from a variety of sources, ranging from the school facilities and supplies, to the teachers, to the parents, to the surrounding environmental factors, all of which are tied up in issues of race, economics, corporations and politics."
Abstract This paper looks at the problem of poverty in the United States and questions why there is so much poverty amongst so much wealth. The author says that poverty can be seen no matter where you go in the United States. The same city that has many mansions can also have decrepit shacks with no heat or running water. The same city that has a society section in its newspaper also posts auctions for homes being sold for tax money. The author of the paper asks why is it that such discrepancies exist and whether it is possible to determine the cause for such poverty.
From the Paper "The problem, it seems to me, would be that although access to wealth exists, that wealth is not shared by the community. Instead, those individuals who live in those columned houses have investments, country homes in other counties or states, and tax shelters, securely locking away their money for future generations of their families. Although perhaps simplistic, it would seem that if the wealthy members of the community would unlock some of the money they possess and..."
Abstract This paper argues that linkages between unemployment rates and poverty rates in developing countries are quite a bit weaker than the linkages between unemployment and poverty found in developed nations. In other words, while economic recessions in the developed world usually see high unemployment rates operating in tandem with high poverty rates, developing nations may have low unemployment rates--usually a sign of economic growth and prosperity--but still have exceedingly high poverty rates despite the good news on the employment front.
Abstract This paper discusses the current state of poverty in China, the level of reduction in poverty the country has achieved, and what the country may be able to do about the issue in the future, noting that an issue to be considered when doing business in China is the degree of poverty faced in that country and how well China is doing at reducing the levels of poverty so as to bring the whole country to a new economic structure.
From the Paper "Two facts are well-known and accepted by most Americans: first, China is a huge country with a massive population; and second, China is a Communist country that may or may not be in transition to a more market-oriented economy. The size of China is one of the reasons why many U.S. companies want to do business there, for these companies see this huge population as a new consumer base. The U.S. government, and many other Western governments, support doing business with China from the view that this will help lead China to a different market orientation and will increase freedom in China over time."
Abstract The paper discusses the multiple reasons why so many young children are living in poverty. The paper maintains that in the past, poverty was blamed on the poor. Today, however, the paper explains, the U.S. economic structure is seen as a cause of poverty. The paper enumerates the effects of American capitalism on the poor, especially children.
Abstract This paper discusses and compares poverty rates and economic disparities between men and women in Canada and the United States, showing that women in both countries make less than men, are more likely to be in poverty, suffer most when social programs are cut, and show other types of discrimination as well, with minority women suffering the most, and with their children living in poverty more than most observers deem necessary.
From the Paper "Women have been joining the workforce in considerable numbers in most of the industrialized world for the past three or four decades, and it has been noted many times that this does not mean they achieve parity with males working the same jobs. Instead, women tend to make less than men in the same jobs in many companies and situations in the United States. Employers have many rationales for this difference, including the long-standing view that men have families to support and women do not, though the large number of women today who are the head of a household makes this rationale false."
Abstract This four page paper examines social inequality and poverty in Canada. The paper suggests that poverty and social inequality have always existed in human societies, for they are the inevitable consequences of materialism, prejudice, and economic injustice. The paper goes on to suggest that the persistence of poverty and social inequality in Canada demonstrates that even in advanced, industrialized, democratic societies, many people continue to be victimized by powerful economic, political, and social forces beyond their control.
From the Paper "Poverty and Social Inequality in Canada: An Analysis Tragically, poverty and social inequality have always existed in human societies, for they are the inevitable consequences of materialism, prejudice, and economic injustice. The persistence of poverty and social inequality in Canada demonstrates that even in advanced, industrialized, democratic societies, many people continue to be victimized by alliances between the government and powerful business interests. According to Canadian census data collected and analyzed by researchers such as Picot and Myles (2005) there is a widening gap between rich and poor in Canada, and a sharp increase in the number of working people who earn less than twenty-thousand dollars a year."
Abstract This paper discusses how poverty does not mean being deprived of certain goods, but it depends on the norm for the time and place in which you live. It examines the principles established by Rowntree and Beveridge that lead to the introduction of the welfare state in the United Kingdom. The discussion covers the success of the state in defining and eradicating poverty and its sources include Oxfam, Harrington, Wilkinson, Rowntree, Beveridge and Karl Marx.
From the Paper "Poverty also means being treated as a second-class citizen by the rest of society, even Hollywood suggested, ?there is no nobility in poverty anymore ?. Elucidated in terms of relative poverty, as discussed by Townsend , who wrote that people are in poverty ?when they lack the resources to obtain the type of diet, participate in the activities, and have the living conditions which are customary, or at least widely encouraged and approved, in the societies to which they belong.? Townsend is writing about a relative deprivation, based on observations that participation in certain everyday activities varied little between income groups but fell off rapidly below a certain level of income; these people falling below the subsistence level that would provide a conventional lifestyle."
Abstract This paper considers the liberal and conservative perspectives for reducing poverty in America. The author points out that a large proportion of the poor are "working poor". The paper suggests that higher wage rates would be the most effective means to address poverty.
From the Paper "Four decades after President Lyndon Johnson called for a War on Poverty, poverty remains a major social issue in the United States. Taken as a whole, the United States is one of the world's wealthiest large countries and undoubtedly even many Americans whom we would regard as poor live better than hundreds of millions of people in the world's poor nations. However, the U.S .has a poverty rate that is strikingly high by the standards of ..."
Abstract This research paper discusses and analyzes the impact made on American society by the War on Poverty launched by President Lyndon B. Johnson. The paper argues that the program largely failed for a variety of reasons and contends that Johnson oversold the concept so the program could not live up to its expectations.
