Abstract This paper mainly discusses the post-industrial society and the transition process from industrial to post-industrial society. By using the articles and the ideas of Castells, Bell, Negri and Hardt, the writer explains how the post-industrial society has emerged, and predicts the shape of post-industrial society in future. The writer also tries to construct his own point of view about the post-industrial society and explains the reason why he calls post-industrial society a digital society.
From the Paper "Post-industrial society is a conception of late 20th century, which simply emphasizes the declining dependence of the societies on mass manufacturing industry and the increasing roles of service sector, knowledge and information technologies in production. By contrast the industrial society, which precedes post-industrial society, refers to the mass production (factory-based) as the dominant form of production. I think the best definition regarding post-industrial era has come from Daniel Bell, who is also considered as the father of post-industrial society. He suggests that post industrial society includes the birth and growth of a knowledge class, change from goods to service sectors and change from blue-collar to white-collar occupations. For him, all of these could be based on an increasing dependence on science as a means of innovation as well as a means of technical and social change."
Tags: globalization, industrial, post, society, sociology, digital, production, communication, network
Abstract This essay critically evaluates post-heroic leadership in the light of the leadership theories. It does this by first demonstrating how complicated and contested the term "leadership" is. It then gives a brief summary of Huey's understanding of what post-heroic leadership is. The essay critically evaluates post-heroic leadership (as Huey sees it) through the perspective of the Trait theories of leadership, the behavioral theories of leadership (through a close look at the Michigan studies), the contingency theories, and the more modern Transactional and Transformational leadership models.
From the Paper "Even when experts agree that management and leadership are different concepts, experts still disagree as to what the reasons are for this difference (Robbins, 1998). Greenberg and Baron claim that the primary function of a leader is to "create the essential purpose or mission of an organization and the strategy for attaining it" (Greenberg & Baron, 1997, p434). They then contrast this with what they say is the job of a manager: to implement the vision that the leader has come up with. They therefore believe that the difference between the leader and the manager is that manager's cope with "complexity", whereas leaders cope with "change" (Greenberg & Baron, 1998). They claim that the confusion between these two terms stems from the fact that the distinction between establishing a mission and implementing it is often blurred in practice. This is because many leaders are called upon not only to come up with the vision, but also to help manage and implement it. Another reason for the difficulty in attempting to distinguish between managers and leaders is that, while many managers do not make good leaders, a substantial proportion of managers do (Greenberg & Baron: 1998). "
Tags: behavioural, contingency, heroic, leadership, post, theories, trait, transactional, transformational
Abstract This paper examines the relationship between the post- war prosperity, the development of the suburbs, and the perceived need for conformity in the United States. These factors, while apparently extremely different in appearance, are all connected through the changing social structure of America. The main cause of this change is best explored as that of a need for stability and the new finances that allowed the new American middle class to chase after that stability.
Abstract This paper researches post traumatic stress disorder in children following a natural disaster. It explains that this topic is related to sociology because it directly focuses on how children within society are affected by natural disasters and their successful integration into the social order after suffering from post traumatic stress disorder.
From the Paper "The topic of the research being proposed is post traumatic stress disorder in children following a natural disaster. This topic is related to sociology because it directly focuses on how children within society are affected by natural disasters and their successful integration into the social order after suffering from post traumatic stress disorder. This proposed project is directly related to children who experience post traumatic stress disorder after a natural disasters, and in comparison to the literature researched it is evident that few studies are directly related to the topic in question. Contribution of Research: This research will contribute to society in that it will lead to an understanding of PTSD in relation to children, and propose interventions that may aid teachers, doctors, parents and the community in helping children cope with natural disasters. Theory: The hypothesis in relation to this research is that children ..."
Abstract This paper discusses how the post-industrial era is not merely a buzzword that conjures up images of skyscrapers, office cubicles and white-collar employees living the life. However, the sociological ramifications reach beyond these superficial images. This paper tries to understand the evolution and origins of the post-industrial era and delve into the effects of this type of economy on the constituents of this work force, their lifestyle and the surrounding community.
From the Paper "Over the centuries, man has continually developed collectively. The first small communities as nomadic foragers and hunters were primarily concerned with survival. These communes essentially lived day to day and sought protection in numbers not from other communes, but from inherent dangers in nature such as predators. Their numbers also meant more success in hunting."
Discussion of the difference between the Western definition and application of the term "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder" and its definition and application in other cultures.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, 2002, $ 44.95
Abstract Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder was added to the DSM inventory in 1980, largely in response to symptoms found among American veterans of the Vietnam conflict. PTSD has become rather a household term in the West but continues to be much debated in terms of how it describes non-Western patients and in terms of the diagnosis's implications.
Abstract The following paper commences with a brief empirical account of post-Fordism. Subsequently, a liberal and a social democratic interpretation of the phenomenon will be outlined. A concluding section offers some broad observations on the relationship of theory and practice or paradigm and interpretation.
Abstract The foundation to the economic recovery has been the very high levels of economic development that Japan has achieved. In the Japanese occupational system, lifetime employment did offer incentive to work hard. This is a very important fact to keep in mind in order to determine the secrets of the success of post-war Japan.
Abstract This paper explains that Frank Stella, born in 1936, influenced by the flag paintings of Jasper Johns, emerged in the 1960s as a leading example of Post-Painterly Abstraction, a reaction against Abstract Expressionism. The author relates that Andy Warhol's Pop Art applied a commercial art style to painting, as he appropriated subject matter from the pulp media. Warhol creating a style out of his own non-involvement with the material and his attempt to produce works that were machine-like, thus separated from the artist. The paper recounts that Roy Lichtenstein (1923-1997) is known for his series of paintings as a comic strip working with stencils to make rows of over-sized dots, forming his paintings of prints and making them look like a huge mass publication product.
Table of Contents
Frank Stella
Andy Warhol
Roy Lichtenstein
From the Paper "Lichtenstein similarly imitated objects of popular culture, as in his comic-strip paintings taken from comic books and the like, or from his series of advertisements recreated on canvas, such as "Girl with Ball" (1961). Warhol's "Marilyn" images were mechanically reproduced and celebrated the machine element both in the way they were created and in the way they imitated a strip of motion-picture film, which is a mechanical means for reproducing movement. Lichtenstein in "Girl with Ball" and similar images recreated the mechanical look such newspaper print ads have in their original state, as if created by an off-set process that leaves the image flat, with texture showing through from the paper, or the canvas, and with a limited palette in keeping with the tri-color off-set process."
Tags: reproduction, newspaper, post-painterly, comics, marilyn
Abstract This paper studies the post-war (2003) budget for Iraq. The paper discusses the origins of the policy, the political climate, the state of the economy, and popular public opinion at the time that enabled the policy to be introduced and enacted. The paper also explains how this policy influenced the budget and if the influences are positive or negative.
Tags:Post War budget Iraq, origins, policy, political climate, state of the economy, popular public opinion, budget, reforms or revisions
Abstract This paper examines the role that the Abraham Legacy could play in the Middle East. It identifies the shared elements of the Abraham Legacy in Islam, Christianity and Judaism. Then it explores the role this heritage could play in the contemporary era.
Abstract Discusses the nature of information processing systems. Describes legacy operating systems as core computer systems integral to keeping a business running. Examines the purpose to solve the immediate problem, legacy computer language, and entities of a database.
From the Paper "A computer language, or a computer, or a database, or any software for that matter, becomes known as "legacy" when it shows signs of resisting modification and evolution (Lehman, 1980). The unfortunate ..."
The paper discusses Arafat's political legacy and the difficulty involved in trying to reconcile the dual roles he played as national hero and international terrorist.
Abstract The author argues that Arafat's political legacy is extremely controversial and practically irresolvable. On the one hand, he was an international terrorist and a dictator. On the other hand, he was a national hero and the father of the Palestinian people. That legacy, containing so many contradictions, as the author argues, is a reflection of Arafat's own incapacity to define his political aims and strategies; he often vacillated from one extreme to the other.
From the Paper "Upon his death on the 11th November, 2004, Yasser Arafat became the subject of yet another controversy. That controversy was, specifically stated, over the nature of his political legacy. Some, as reported by CNN, celebrated his death, interpreting the event as the passing away of a "ruthless terrorist and roadblock to peace" ("Palestinian Leader"). This group interprets Yasser Arafat's political legacy as one of violence, bloodshed and corruption. However, if that group numbers in the millions even, there is another equally large group which mourned Arafat's death, perceiving of it as the passing away of a great political leader and symbol of Palestinian nationhood. This group interprets Yasser Arafat's legacy as being that of a freedom fighter and patriot. However, the fact is that the issue is much more complicated than this black and white picture and a critical analysis of Yasser Arafat's political journey illustrates that he left a mixed political legacy. As this paper shall try to argue, while Yasser Arafat had been involved in terrorist activities in his early life and had become the dictator and not the liberator of the Palestinian people in the last period of his life, he was not the obstacle to peace that Israelis and the United States have insisted he was and, after his death, his legacy will of national leader who, as a freedom fighter, restored the concept of the Palestinian people, made the dream of the Palestinian state an international goal, and achieved the independence of the Palestinian decision making from the control of Arab countries."
Abstract This paper examines the book, "Legacy of Discord: Voices of the Vietnam War", by Gil Dorland. It looks at how the book was written in 2001, twenty-five years after the end of the Vietnam War and how the book was intended to present some sort of understanding of the causes and motivations behind the Vietnam War through interviews with eighteen people representing a variety of often contradictory viewpoints. It explores the general themes in the book, which include incrementalism, McNamara, micromanagement of the action, and relationships with the Vietnamese army.
From the Paper "Aside from the minor complaints made above, the book is a very informative and provocative account of the Vietnam War. There are, however, complaints that could be leveled at the book: for instance, that the evidence presented by interviewees was not entirely truthful. We, as readers, as children of this American foreign policy gone wrong, are asked to put our faith in some of the key players of the war, to believe that they will tell us the truth about their view of events in and surrounding the war: whilst the interviews presented are full of candor, it is a matter of debate as to whether these people can be trusted to tell the truth, and whether we can ever use such sources to base opinions of such events upon."
This paper discusses the philosophy of post-modernism, a complicated set of ideas, which are a reaction against failed modern thought without a clear goal for future direction.
Abstract This paper explains that post-modern sociology and culture has arisen from the after-effects of modern thought; just as values clarification and situational ethics were watch words of the 1980s, post-modernism has become the self-identification moniker of the 21st century. The author believes that the individual is now defined in terms that are important to the individual, rather than in terms of his relationship to the surrounding culture. The paper points out that the term 'post-modernism' has its origins in architecture and art; the post-modern artist grew tired of the traditional means and, in the case of the extreme post-modern artists, accepted the premise that life itself was meaningless.
Table of Contents
Introduction and Post-Modern Definition
Post-Modern Sociology and the Resulting Contradictions
The Self as Social Construction in the Post-Modern World
Post-Modern Individualism as Products of Self-Construction
Power and the Post-Modern Self
Post-Modernism and Responsibility
Conclusion
From the Paper "Previous generations have sought to bring order and organization to the understanding of self, individualism and personal identify. The postmodernist revels in disorder, and a lack of consistent structure. The postmodern thought system has tired of looking for consistency and meaning in everyday life. Through disappointments with society, and with self, postmodern critical thinkers look to self for guidelines for life. No longer is the goal of a unified culture held as a workable or even desirable goal. Because too many people groups have varied desires and experiences of that same culture, the idea of a homogeneous self identify within the larger social order has been disguarded. The upper middle class business person can never have the same experiences of life as the inner city child growing up on welfare."
