Abstract This paper attempts to prove that victims of domesticabuse are more prone to suicide. The author reasons that the abuse that a victim of domestic violence suffers from goes far beyond just physical harm and that many times, emotional and psychological abuse that may happen alongside as well as independently can prove to be far worse than that of the physical abuse. The paper goes on to say that it is this psychological and emotional suffering that contributes to suicide or suicide attempts. Statistics in the paper include that of suicide prevalence rates in both men and women as well as suicide attempts by women that are domestic violence victims. The author does concede that although present research showed that there is a link between female victimization and suicide attempts, there is a lack of evidence on completed suicide due to domestic violence.
From the Paper "Suicide and domestic violence are two things that are all too common in American society and around the world. Domestic violence exists in places no one suspects and the effects on victims can be far-reaching and severe. An abused woman suffers damages far beyond any physical harm that may be done to her--and abuse is not always physical. Emotional and psychological abuses often occur independently as well as alongside physical abuse. Women may experience intimate partner violence for long periods of time or multiple times throughout their lives. The resultant psychological and emotional suffering contributes to the suicide or attempted suicide of many women in abusive situations. The occurrence of domestic violence and suicide in correlation with one another is difficult to document, as motives for suicide or suicide attempts can be complicated and difficult to ascertain."
Abstract The disturbing problem of police misconduct reaches back as far as the establishment of the first organized police forces in the United States in the nineteenth-century. Police misconduct has taken many forms, such as sexual assault, excessive force, death while in police custody, domesticabuse of a spouse, abuse of power, negligence of duty, racial profiling, immigrant abuse, and police cover-ups, and is evident in police departments across this country. This paper looks at the history, forms, and prevalence of police misconduct in the United States and discusses why it is so difficult to investigate and prevent.
Abstract This paper explains that domestic violence is no longer being ignored by society; Michigan has adopted some serious laws to protect these victims, but can do more to insure that offenders are locked away, and victims remain safe from their abuser. The author points out that domestic violence laws used to protect only those who were in a marriage or a live-in relationship; however, today, many states have incorporated their laws to include "dating-only" relationships. The paper recommend that the laws be strengthen to include additional time for causing a child to witness domestic violence.
From the Paper "Michigan domestic violence laws have been designed to encompass many different areas of the problem. One of the things the law allows is the use of personal protection orders. Personal protection orders are designed for the purpose of protecting victims of domestic violence. For the victim to get a personal protection order the victim must prove to the court that the person they are seeking the order against present a danger to them without the order of protection being granted."
This paper explores the issues of domesticabuse, poverty and violence which are vividly portrayed in director Lee Tamahori's film "Once Were Warriors."
Abstract This paper examines the vicious cycle of poverty, crime and domesticabuse in director Lee Tamahori's film "Once Were Warriors" which is set in New Zealand. The writer of this paper focuses on the film's main character Jack, a surprisingly complex character which is a tribute to the director who avoided the temptation to make him completely unsympathetic. Jack the patriarch is an abusive man with a penchant for alcohol, parties and using his fists whenever he can, even on his own wife. This paper details and analyzes the film's plot as well as Tamahori's witty use of symbolism which is displayed at the end of the film when layers of illusion are peeled away.
From the Paper "Jack is a surprisingly complex character, a tribute to the writer and director who avoided the temptation to make him a completely unsympathetic character from the beginning. At first, we see Jack as a relatively nice guy, working his fish shop job and doing it well. There is an undertone of darkness even here, though, when Jack gets into a bump-and-stare conflict with a clumsy passer by. His anger here was easily provoked, but since nothing came of it, we can still believe that he is a generally good person."
This paper researches the relationship between domesticabuse and homelessness in women contacting the women's aid helpline in Ireland between 1997 and 2006.
Abstract The paper aims to establish the extent of the correlation, if one exists, between incidences of domesticabuse and homelessness among women in Ireland between 1997 and 2006. The paper uses both anecdotal evidence and statistical analysis to portray the trends and factors involved. The paper shows how homelessness due to domestic violence can affect many women in Ireland each year.
Outline:
Introduction
Preliminary Literature Review
From the Paper "Today, Ireland is the most digitally connected nation in the world and much progress has been made in recent years concerning the status of women. Nevertheless, a number of social problems remain, with one of the most upsetting, at least to the author, is domestic violence. The past decade has seen greatly increased numbers of women who have jobs and have their own money, as well as more houses and apartments being built. Anecdotal evidence from newspapers, magazines and broadcast media would suggest however, that there is still a problem with homelessness among both men and women. Since the reasons that people become homeless appear to be many, the decision was made to focus on one specific area and time period to identify to what extent, if any, domestic violence and homelessness are related. "
Abstract This paper states that the domesticabuse in the lesbian community is as prevalent as it is in the heterosexual couples---the only problem is the former is surrounded by a wall of silence.
Abstract This paper discusses the child abuselaws pertinent to California. The paper examines the Penal Code and the Education Code as they pertain to child abuse. The paper discusses the California codes that relate to child abuse and neglect in general. The paper describes a particular school in San Jose, Athenour School, exploring how it complies with these codes. Finally, the paper offers some conclusions about this very important issue.
From the Paper "Two Codes of California law deal with the abuse and neglect of children as these relate to the responsibilities of teachers: the Penal Code and the Education Code. Interestingly, the Penal Code contains much more detailed and specific information about what teachers and administrators are required to do in a suspected case of child abuse or neglect than does the Education Code. This is perhaps because to include details in both codes would be an unnecessary replication, as school personnel are directed (by the Education Code) to refer to the Penal Code for legal requirements. The Education Code includes such information as requirements for teacher training about issues of abuse and neglect."
Abstract This paper explains that the problem of discretionary police judgment, in some cases, clearly leads to abuses of police power, even among police who are academically educated and have attended structured training in discretionary decision-making. The author points out that any time a police department uses racial profiling as part of a process to decide whom to stop, that practice requires judgment and discretion on the part of the officers. The paper reveals that police officers routinely choose whom to stop for traffic violations and how to deal with them once they have been stopped because they do not have time to stop everyone who commits a traffic violation; but the departments should have clear priorities about traffic violations, so that officers can be free to deal with more serious issues, such as reckless driving and incidents of road rage.
Table of Contents
Public Substance Abuse Different Neighborhoods Handled Differently
Racial Profiling
Traffic Violations
Public Soliciting
Public Drunkenness
DomesticAbuse Public Disturbances
Police Chases
From the Paper "When William Bratton, former New York City Police Commissioner, was interviewed, he argued that different neighborhoods might want laws enforced differently. He argued that this was the basis for ?community policing.? He said that different communities want different kinds of crime made a priority. He used Harlem as an example, and said that in 1994 and 1995 they had to deal with drug dealing, prostitution, gaming, and other public crimes. He also said that after public street problems were under control the police were under pressure to make more arrests, which to Bratton didn?t make sense (Newfield & Jacobson, 2000). However, it's hard to imagine any neighborhood that would be willing to have those crimes, when taking place in full view of the public, ignored. If the police target drug dealing say, in Harlem, more than, say, the Upper East Side, charges of racism would inevitably follow. While there may be a place for police discretion, it should not be up to the police officer on the street to decide which public crimes get ignored and which get dealt with."
Abstract This paper is a literature review and research proposal regarding incidences of domestic violence among New York Police officers. The paper examines whether or not New York City Police Officers that are on patrol duty, are as likely to commit domestic violence crimes as are those officers who are employed on specialized units dealing with narcotics, gangs, violence and homicide. The paper includes charts.
From the Paper "According to Wetendorf, the real difference between police abusers and other abusers is that the police officer that abuses is "tougher and more dangerous". Wetendorf states that "they have training, a badge, a gun, and the weight of the police culture behind them." These are the very points that are used as tactics of abuse by the officer commits domestic abuse and/or violence to his spouse and/or family."
Abstract This paper discusses how domestic violence has rightfully evolved from a domestic issue to a serious crime. It explains that this change was the result of many factors: feminist activism, government recommendations, research studies, law suites, and the media raising the public's awareness. The writer points out that by the early 1990s, meaningful changes in the legal system were implemented and domestic violence was finally deemed a federal crime in 1994. The paper concludes that legal reform is still a work in progress - now that domestic violence laws have been strengthened, prevention, treatment, and understanding are the new frontiers for change.
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Historical Background
3.0 Scope of Problem before Legal Reform
4.0 Impetus for Change
4.1 1970s, Battered Women's Movement
4.2 1977 Studies in Detroit and Kansas City
4.3 Batter's Intervention Services/Education/Treatment Programs, Early 1980s
4.4 Individual and Institutional Advocacy Became Common, Early 1980s
4.5 The 1984 Attorney General's Task Force Report on Family Violence
4.6 The 1984 Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment
4.7 Thurman v. Torrington, 1985
4.8 Media Attention, 1980s
5.0 Resulting Changes
5.1 Late 1970s
5.2 Early and Mid 1980s
5.3 Late 1980s
5.4 Early 1990s
6.0 Room for Improvement
6.1 Prevention
6.2 Treatment
6.3 Stereotyping
7.0 Conclusion
From the Paper "Today, there is a view that domestic violence is a wrong that should be righted in every state in this country (Model Code on Domestic and Family Violence, 1994, National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges). Empowered by stronger domestic abuse laws, legislators, government administrators, law enforcement, courts, attorneys, the medical and health care community, advocates and providers of services to victims, corrections and providers of treatment for offenders, educators, and volunteers now form a wide network to protect the rights of domestic abuse victims. However, this wasn't always the case.
As this paper reveals, until the late 1970s, law enforcement treated domestic violence as a family issue rather than a crime. As the scope of the domestic violence issue grew, feminists, the government, researchers, the courts and the media had to work very hard to create impetus for change. Progress was slow. Only minor changes in the legal system occurred throughout the late 1970s and 1980s. Beginning in the early 1990s, meaningful changes took hold and the legal system and police have moved in the right direction. Yet, there's still more work to be done in prevention, treatment and the recognition that heterosexual women aren't the only victims of domestic violence."
Abstract This work is a case study of intervention programs for domestic violence abusers that specifically focuses on the intervention method known as transformational leadership. Research on this subject suggests that a correlation exists between certain forms of behavior and styles of leadership. It claims that the focus of today's attention in relation to dealing with domestic violence should be one that is squarely upon 'prevention' of domestic violence while at the same time continuing to maintain the crisis service organizations as well as the criminal justice programs. The paper explains that stopping domestic violence is important in the battle to end domestic violence but the ability to completely prevent the occurrence of acts of domestic violence should be sought through research. To this end, within the course of this study the 'transformational' style of leadership is reviewed. The transformational framework acknowledges that crime is a social problem and one that seeks therefore a social solution to the problem of domestic violence. The author includes methodology, research design, charts and statistics to quantify the study. It also offers an extensive review of literature.
Table of Contents:
Chapter One: Introduction
Overview of the Problem
Transformational Change- Cultural Change
Hypotheses
Research Questions
Definition of Terms
Statement of the Problem
Chapter II: Literature Review
Statistical Data Related to Abuse, the Abuser and the Abused Characteristics of the Abuser - From a FBI Report on Domestic Violence
Three Phases in the Cycle of DomesticAbuse Characteristics of the Three Phases in the DomesticAbuse Cycle
Two Leadership Styles Compared - Toxic & Transformation Leadership
The Transformational Leader
Characteristics of the Toxic Leader
Similarities between the Toxic Leader and the Domestic Violence Abuser Understanding How BPI Programs Work
Chapter III: Methodology
Summary of Thesis
Discussion
Research Design
Hypotheses
Questions of the Research
Presentation of the Data Collection
Rationale for Date Collection Plan
Limitations of Data Collection
Bibliography
From the Paper "The research in this review of literature has illustrated that there are new methods of treating domestic violence and in fact of dealing with all types of conflicts and that the method is one of 'transformation' or of 'real' and 'actual' change instead of a mere covering of the problem this method strikes the root of the problem. Further this research has shown that domestic violence abusers and the individual with a 'toxic' leadership style have much in common insofar as their personal characteristics or traits which are used in controlling and manipulating those around them."
Abstract This paper examines the negative impacts domestic violence has on families and the development of children who are exposed to it. The author includes statistics on domesticabuse and concludes that women tend to be the perpetrators. The author also presents research to show that children who are exposed to domestic violence might suffer from emotional distress that affect their school behavior and their social relationships. In addition, the author discusses the family support programs available and the philosophy behind the services provided to help individuals suffering from domesticabuse and its effects. Furthermore, the author addresses intimate partner abuse, where abuse is not physical, but rather sexual and emotional. In closing, the author suggests that more research should be done to prevent family domestic violence before it occurs. This paper includes tables and figures.
Outline:
Introduction
Comparative Spousal Violence Data
Domestic Violence: Family Support Programs
Health Impacts of Domestic Violence
Summary & Conclusion
From the Paper "A great deal of time and resources have gone toward the study of domestic violence in the family resulting in a large base of knowledge that serves to inform the researcher of the causes, impact, and available treatment programs related to domestic violence in the family. It is certain that the impact of family domestic violence is wide-ranging and lasting in the lives of the individuals who experience it. While successful treatment does exist, more research should be devoted to proactive efforts at preventing family domestic violence before it ever occurs."
Tags: spouse abuse, child abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, support groups
Abstract According to the writer, not all services offered to victims of domestic violence are as helpful as they might be. This paper gives a format for evaluating programs, from the way in which they look to apprehend the perpetrators to their methods for offering counseling to the ones who suffer from domesticabuse. The paper lists ways in which the entire community can become involved in stopping the trend of domestic violence.
From the Paper "There are two problems involved in looking at domestic violence programs, depending upon one's perspective. The first problem is the prevention of domestic violence, which is the focus of domestic violence agencies, like the one in Daytona Beach. The second problem is the evaluation of the effectiveness of programs, which is the focus of many other agencies and institutions. That focus is not only on the prevention of damage to individuals, but on the use of financial resources. According to the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council (1998), billions of dollars are spent annually on programs that have not been properly evaluated for either impact or effectiveness. They reported on a new study which indicated that although some of the approaches and programs currently in use may indeed be working, none has been adequately tested to determine which program works for which family or individual in which specific situation."
Abstract The paper states that domestic violence is now considered a major crime and a serious health hazard. The problem is that anyone can be a victim or an abuser as neither has a definite or consistent profile. The paper comments that therapists and society view women victims as incapable of violence themselves and notes that depressed war veterans and veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder tend to perpetrate domestic violence more than any other tested group. The paper then provides a review of the literature on the topic, focusing on the most common victim, the motivation for domesticabuse, and organizations that exist to prevent the abuse. The paper also explains that the descriptive-normative method of survey and research was used for the study.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Literature
Method
From the Paper "Studies show that veterans who suffer from depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder tend to commit domestic violence more than other veterans surveyed without the disorder. Another study found that men and women have comparable chances of victimization. The consequences of victimization are also similar. Both of them tend to develop severe depressive disorder and take recourse to marijuana use. Men may also take to alcohol and become more anxious."
Abstract This paper considers domestic violence as a public health issue by examining public health as a whole and the midwife's role therein. It looks at how research indicates that pregnancy is often an instigating factor for abuse. It contends that although government frameworks containing recommendations for practice in domesticabuse situations do exist, there is much scope for improvement in practice situations. It also discusses how such guidelines will hopefully prepare and support midwives to provide improved service provision leading to early detection of domestic violence, providing sufferers of abuse with the help and support they need and deserve, to enable safety and improved quality of life for themselves and their families.
From the Paper "The role of the midwife in health promotion is longstanding as midwives have always played a part in promoting the health of the woman to ensure the health of the fetus (Chappie, 2000). The changing role for the midwife is to expand on these practices to further encompass long term health of the woman and her family, within their social context, in order to facilitate the health and wellbeing of future generations (Dunkley-Bent, 2004). Such aims can be achieved through advice on lifestyle choices, provided holistically, with the background of the woman and her family being taken into consideration (DoH, 2004)."
