Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of child friendly spaces in urban areas. It suggests that children and other pedestrians are often not taken into account when planning urban areas. The paper argues that Commercial Drive in the Grandview Woodlands Park Area of Vancouver, BC should be "pedestrianized" and vehicular traffic should be diverted from the area. The paper briefly describes the benefits of such a move.

From the Paper
"I would argue that these youthful rebels are correct - the space occupied by vehicular traffic on Commercial Drive should be allocated to children, youth and other residents. The No. 20 bus could easily be diverted to run on Victoria Drive for the section of road between Venables and 1st Avenue - or possibly even as far as Broadway. This should make the entire area a true children's paradise, where children could wander safely, without fear of traffic. It would also reduce the pollution that currently sails into the park and the schools, polluting the lungs of children. And it would facilitate the interaction of younger and older residents in a stress-free environment. The street could be converted into a park-cum-public space. All in all, Commercial Drive should be pedestrianized to create a much-needed public space for all local residents, thus facilitating inter-generational contact, and making the area safer and healthier for children."

Tags:traffic, residents, pollution, public

Abstract
This paper argues in favor of the creation of a child-friendly pedestrian mall to be created in Vancouver. According to the paper, there is a growing consensus that children have been ignored in the design of cities. This certainly seems to be true when considering many of the urban spaces in Vancouver. The paper cites the area around the Grandview Woodlands Park, on Commercial Drive, East Vancouver as a example of a child-friendly space within that urban area.

From the Paper
"Crowhurst Lennard and Lennard note that there "is a growing consensus that children have been ignored in the design of cities" (97). This certainly seems to be true when we consider many of the urban spaces in Vancouver. However, there is one area where children have been considered to a large extent - but it can be argued that there is much still to be done. This area is the area around the Grandview Woodlands Park, on Commercial Drive, East Vancouver. This area could be improved for the benefit of children..."

Tags:urban, studies, commercial drive

Abstract
This paper analyzes how and why we can better the community on a micro level. Since so much of the quality of our lives depends on the community that we surround ourselves with, this study discusses different effects that the community has on us as individuals and as a society. The paper specifically focuses on substance abuse in urban communities and how the problems can be reduced.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter One
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Statement of the Purpose
Conceptual Framework
Significance of the Study
Research Questions/Hypothesis
Need for the Study
Methodology
Assumptions
Delimitations
Limitations
Definitions
Outline of the Study
Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
Substance Abusein Urban Communities
The Problem in Harlem: Pregnant Addicts
Chapter Three
Research Methodology and Design
Methodology and Procedure
Summary

From the Paper
"From looking at the literature, the conclusion is that poor neighborhoods, often called ghettos, tend to be overlooked when it comes to taking care of people. Many politicians, media, and the general public who haven't been in close contact with people who have a problem with substance abuse are certain to call it a lack of family values. But we see from the research that it goes much deeper than just family values - it is social values. When society does not care about its members, the people are left to fend for themselves. There needs to be more community outreach so that individuals have somewhere to turn."

Tags:addict, community, treatment

Abstract
This paper describes the proliferation of youth gangs into rural areas, policing approaches, and the often missing context of youth gangs serving the interests of organized crime as make rural migration less surprising. Ironically, the paper explains, rural police can be more alert to connections to organized crime and more effective in direct approaches taken to early gang activity. The paper calls for researchers to address youth gangs in full context of business, cocaine supplies, organized crime, in which youth are used as distributors.

From the Paper
"North Americans may see youth gangs as an urban phenomenon, part of a tendency to see violence, substance abuse and criminality as urban, not rural phenomena, when in fact no part of the United States or Canada is immune to gang activity. Weisheit & Wells interviewed 216 non-metropolitan police agencies across the U.S. on matters of gangs, most informants noting youth gang activity in non-metropolitan areas in drug sales, assaults, theft and burglary, vandalism and shootings whose imprint could be more dramatic than in larger cities. (2001:180) Also, some rural ..."

Tags:urban, country, arrest, violence, young

Abstract
This paper addresses the Dundas-Spadina Neighbourhood Community's response to the 2004 hydro blackout, in an EPPlan geared to helping Canadian Chinese and other elders. It looks at how in 2004, this sector proved the most endangered and also the most independent and indifferent to significant health risks. An interventionist, volunteer effort is described in relation to official commentary on the crisis, and media coverage, plus notes on cultural inclusions.

From the Paper
"To Whom It May Concern: This submission refers to the Dundas-Spadina Neighbourhood Committee's intended Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP), for situations of power Blackout as experienced in the Greater Toronto Area during the summer of 2003. The area to which the DSNC refers is known to most Torontonians, and remains small enough that an informal, largely local, response can be effective. Please note that the EPP is evolving with the greatest onus on workers within the Neighbourhood Committee. Its central focus is the area's elderly Canadian Chinese population."

Tags:community, chinese, epp, blackout, elders

Abstract
The paper examines the feasibility of the revitalization of St. Clair Avenue. The paper explains the location and its surroundings. The expected results are to provides an opportunity to revitalize the area and linkages between the residents and St. Clair by transforming the area into a pedestrian pocket. The paper analyzes whether the chosen area has the elements required to be a successful neighbourhood, using the set measurements of Michael Southworth.

From the Paper
"The revitalization of St. Clair Avenue north of the Green/Arts Barn Project along with the redevelopment of the transportation infrastructure along St. Clair Avenue provides an opportunity to revitalize the area and linkages between the residents and St. Clair by transforming the area into a "pedestrian pocket. (Southworth, 1997)" This project is of interest at this time because the area presently has the elements required to be a successful neighbourhood, as described by Michael Southworth in a research article that looks at the importance of the walkability of urban neighbourhoods."

Tags:fringe, urban, planning

Abstract
The paper describes the central Toronto area known as The Annex and the almost suburban Kingsway area. The paper examines these longstanding parts of the Greater Toronto Area and explores how each area has a very different local culture. The paper describes the pedestrian, friendly and lively way of life in the Annex that offers a feeling of humanity and warmth in contrast to the Kingsway's quieter culture of privacy and quiet.

Outline:
Introduction
The Annex, Central Toronto
The Kingsway, West Toronto
Concluding Remarks

From the Paper
"One sees that one must be specific when referring to such terms as urbanity, urbanization, urban lifestyles or urban neighbourhoods, and notably as Canadian cities are expected to continue in transition through the next century with areas forever changing as a result of both natural patterns and planning. (Bunting & Filion: 2000:11-13) Moving from the Annex to the Kingsway is a marked change in urban and human culture that goes beyond the use of space, or old or new structures, into the ways in which people interact, how they move, whether they seem connected to others, or are self-contained, not acknowledging one another. A community always has its politics of place and the areas visited do show different ideas of what a community might be, their visual politics quite plain to the observer. (Kemmis: 1993)."

Tags:Annex, Kingsway, community, urban, human, privacy, warmth

Abstract
This paper discusses how rail navigation systems evolved from transit maps to the sophisticated technological devices used by travelers today. The writer explains the importance of cartographic design and simple and recognizable images in assisting passengers to navigate train stations. The writer also discusses the growing use of global positioning systems by both travelers and rail management, who use a more advanced version, the differential global positioning system, in order to track trains in areas that are obscured by obstacles such as hills and tunnels, and avoid collisions.

Outline:
Introduction
Early Navigation Systems
Contemporary Train Travel
Evolution of Effective Navigation Systems
Pictograms
Global Positioning Systems
Conclusion

From the Paper
"As rail networks grew in number, competition among the different lines became fierce; this was particularly true during the mid 1800s. During this period, growth was particularly rapid: Britain had 6,900 miles of track, and the United States had 9,000. One factor that clearly mattered to travelers was to know how to navigate within the system; another was the efficiency of the navigation system, and of the train line itself. After all, the point of taking a train was, primarily, to reach a specific destination, and within a specific timeframe. Without efficient map systems, it was difficult to achieve that goal."

Tags:transportation, railroad, safety, schedule, pedestrian, urban, environment

Abstract
The paper analyzes the status of the redevelopment plan for the Channel District in Tampa, Florida as well as the relevant issues, including funding, bringing in new business and attracting people to reside in the area. The paper focuses on the issues that are stalling this plan and the actions that are required by the government to make the Channel District project come to fruition. The paper shows how the Channel District addressed all aspects of redevelopment including that of public utilities as well as design, architectural constructions, sustainability in construction, transportation issues and pedestrian issues.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Background
Community Redevelopment Area Designation for the District
Guiding Principles
Key Market Condition Benchmarks
Potable Water System
Utility Systems
Communication Systems
Fire Stations
Transportation Systems
Project Phasing
Phase-Specific Information
Urban Planning for Residential Housing
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"After several decades of relative decline and inactivity, the District gained new importance as targeted public investment in infrastructure by the City and the Port Authority began to reverse the decline. The development of the Florida Aquarium, new cruise terminals, Channelside mixed-use development, redevelopment of Channelside Drive, and the TECO Line Streetcar System brought increased activity. and supported cruise industry expansion. Recent City of Tampa redevelopment initiatives, including establishment of the Community Redevelopment Area designation for the District, and the Tampa-Hillsborough County Expressway Authority's current development of Meridian Avenue as a major transportation improvement gateway has energized the current development impetus. The new urban form rising in the area today represents the Channel District's 21st century form of mid/high rise and high-density mixed-use development. Without question, the Channel District represents a unique opportunity for the Tampa community to guide the development of a special place; a new and different urban, mixed-use, transit-related residential neighborhood, adjacent to the Central Business District. (Channel District Redevelopment Area Strategic Action Plan, nd)"

Tags:developers, neighborhood, transportation, infrastructure, construction, water, parks