Abstract These essays discuss the parliamentarysystem in Britain which is characterized by the fusion of power, and the effectiveness of the Gaullist constitution of the French Fifth Republic.
Abstract This paper reviews the Parliamentary and Presidential systems, the two basic forms of representative government. According to the paper, both systems represent the people of the country by means of democratic choice and freedom. The Parliamentarysystem originated in Great Britain and the Presidential system, in the United States.
From the Paper "The two basic forms of representative government are the Parliamentary and Presidential systems. As both of these systems are representative, they both incorporate democracy, and freedom for their people. Of the two systems, the Parliamentary system is the most common, having originated in Great Britain and then been exported around the world as it developed its Empire. This was how India acquired its Parliamentary system of government. The Presidential system is used by the USA, and many countries in South America."
Abstract This paper considers the assertion that the executive branch of the Canadian parliamentarysystem has become too independent of the legislature and too powerful. It concludes that party discipline and the growth of the Prime Minister's Office have both acted to increase the power of the executive in the Canadian parliamentarysystem.
Abstract This paper presents a comparison and contrast of the presidential and parliamentarysystems of government in terms of their key characteristics as well as their strengths and weaknesses. It finds that, to varying degrees, both systems are concerned with the promotion of accountability, responsibility and efficiency. Each system has a leader, the President and the Prime Minister, respectively, and power is held on the basis of popular support through political constituencies that are generally equal in population. A major difference between these two systems of government is that while the Senate in the American presidential system of government is an important and integral part of the day-to-day functioning of the system, the same cannot be said for the Senate in the Canadian parliamentarysystem. A major weakness of the American presidential system of government is that the legislative process can be slow and cumbersome.
Abstract This paper discusses in detail the similarities and differences of the two systems as well as their strengths and weaknesses and concludes with an observation of why some states are more likely to choose a presidential system as opposed to a parliamentarysystem.
Abstract This is a brief essay that provides an overview of the major differences and similarities between two types of government; parliamentary and presidential. The essay draws from current as well historical events to demonstrate these two types of governments and how the general public accesses the electoral process. European examples are also presented to provide world context.
From the Paper "Makeshift coalitions aside, here in Canada the prime minister is the political party leader who manages to get the most MPs elected to parliament. In the United States, the president appeals to the voters for more direct support through an electoral-college system. The advantage, in the case of the U.S., is that voters feel a greater sense of impact by casting ballots directly for the man who they feel should be president. Canadians, on the other hand, like those engaged in other parliamentary systems, are sometimes forced to hold their noses while they vote for a less desirable MP in order to indirectly vote for their prime minister."
An argument as to why Parliamentarysystems more accurately reflect democratic ideals with respect to responsiveness of the government and policy outputs, despite their disadvantages.
1,382 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, 2000, $ 46.95
From the Paper "The trend toward democratization has led to fewer authoritarian governments, and more governments where constituents have a voice in the ruling of the nation. The forms which a democratic government can take are manifold in number. Democratic governments, generally, take two basic forms; governments are either primarily parliamentary or they are primarily presidential, though many new governments are conglomerations of the two forms. While both systems have benefits and drawbacks, the parliamentary system is, clearly, superior. Parliamentary systems more accurately reflect democratic ideals with respect to responsiveness of the government and policy outputs. Further, the executive in a parliamentary government, the Prime Minister, is superior, in function, to the executive of a presidential system, the President. Though the parliamentary system is, on the whole, superior to the presidential system, it must be acknowledged that the parliamentary system has clear disadvantages. "
Abstract This paper will examine the concept of administrative responsibility. This will include an assessment of how it does or does not work in practice in the Canadian parliamentarysystem as well as how it is related to political neutrality, the public interest, and ethics.
Abstract This paper gives a sample systems plan for a fitness center that wishes to improve its information and communications technology by purchasing hardware and software. The purpose of the plan is to enable The Fitness Center to obtain competitive advantage over other fitness clubs by providing a system to help members plan a fitness program to meet their particular needs. Specific jobs and teams are described as part of the plan, as are the various stages of implementation. The paper also includes a list of system development guidelines that are to be followed during the project. The paper concludes by mentioning that the plan has support from the staff at The Fitness Center and they intend to let the public know about the new system.
Outline:
Introduction
Purpose and Goal of the Fitness Center Information System Roles and Responsibilities of the Fitness Center Information System Roles and Responsibilities of the PMO and Project Team
Project Team Leader
Senior Developers
Developers
Quality Assurance Analyst
Database Administrator
Other Roles
Systems Development Methodology
The Fitness Center Information System (TFCIS) Project Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
Systems Investigation
Systems Analysis and Design
Systems Construction and Development
Systems Implementation, Review and Maintenance Schedule
Milestones and Activities
Systems Development Guidelines
Conclusion
Marketing Activities and Future Plans
From the Paper "In line with TFCIS Project, the management decided to create a Project Management Office (PMO) to be headed by the Director of Marketing acting as the Project Sponsor and he will assign one of his supervisors to act as the Project Manager. The roles and responsibilities of the PMO is to "provide project management support functions and is responsible for the direct management (Project Management Institute, Inc., 2004)" of the TFCIS Project. The Fitness Center hired the services of one of the city's top software development companies and the software development company directly reports to the PMO. To ensure understanding of roles, responsibilities and deliverables, the following are the software development company's Project Team's duties, responsibilities and deliverables...."
Tags:systems, administration, computers, fitness, center
Abstract This document is a design proposal created according to the requirements of the system requirements specification document for an emergency dispatching system for the State of Victoria. The design proposal details how the system will log incoming calls to police, fire, ambulance and state emergency services, send dispatching requests to various services, monitor resource allocation and status and provide complete auditing facilities. The paper is written largely in point form and has many graphics.
Table of Contents:
1. Overall Description of the Proposed Design
1.1. Incident Calls and Information Gathering
1.2. Resource Allocation
1.3. Communication With Emergency Units
1.4. Auditing System 1.5. Conclusion
2. Constraints
3. Functional Requirements
3.1 Requirement - Incoming Call Screen
3.2 Requirement - Timer Initiation and Ending
3.3 Requirement - Dispatch Unit Screen
3.4 Requirement - Submit Incident Report to Auditing Subsystem
3.5 Requirement - Secure Access to System 3.6 Requirement - Description of Incident
3.7 Requirement - Cancel Incident Response
3.8 Requirement - Search and View Incident Log Records
3.9 Requirement - Issue Monthly Summary Report of Operations
3.10 Requirement - Status of Mobile Unit
3.11 Requirement - Communications
3.12 Requirement - Restore Unit to Operational Status
3.13 Requirement - Estimated Cost of Incident
3.14 Requirement - Interface to First Aid Databases
3.15 Requirement - Advise Hospital of Organ Donors
8. Structure Diagram
4. Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs)
4.1 Context Diagram
4.2 Diagram 0
4.3 Diagram 1
4.4 Diagram 1
4.5 Diagram 1
4.5 Diagram 1
5. Screen Designs
5.1 Incoming Call Screen
5. 2 Dispatch Screen
6. Hardware Requirements
7. Data Migration
8. Estimates
9. Estimated Costs and Benefits of the New System 9.1 Hardware and Software Costs
9.2 Labour/Manpower Costs
9.3 Tangible Benefits of the New System 9.4 Intangible Benefits of the New System 10. Test Plan
From the Paper "The new system is composed of 4 sub-systems which provide a complete and accurate response to emergency incidents, both in the field and in the no less important realm of auditing. The auditing system is of prime importance to the Victorian Government as by law it must assess the Emergency Services to ascertain if they are functioning in an efficient manner and at a suitable level."
Tags: allocation, auditing, design, information, resource, response, system
Abstract This paper provides a thorough overview of the gathering systems requirements process in relation to the overall systems development process. The paper includes an analysis of the two basic types of system requirements, both technical and business related. The paper also provides an overview of both the technical and business-related unmet needs of external and internal customers.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Overview of the Gathering Systems Requirements Process
Why the Gathering Systems Requirements Phase Is Most Critical
Comparing Business Versus Technical Needs In the Context of the Gathering Systems Requirements Phase
Methodologies for Collecting User Requirements
From the Paper "Requirements Specification, Validation and Management is also critical in the Gathering System Requirements Process - This is also a very critical task in that the feasibility of the project and its vision must be rigorously and thoroughly defined into product and solution concepts that can be transformed into specific application features and solution sets. The progression of turning requirements into specifications, validating them, and managing the requirements in the context of an overall product line strategy is also very critical. The database or repository of requirements must be continually managed and updated to reflect current user and customer unmet needs, with a strong focus on how to translate them into future product directions."
Abstract This paper examines how nearly every institution of higher education has some form of an honor system with varying degrees of student participation, predetermined harshness and procedure, and sets of guidelines governing student conduct and integrity. It employs the interpretive paradigm as an approach to understanding the motivations and actions of James Madison University's honor system's most intimate agents. It attempts to show that what we learn about the agents of the honor system is most telling when drawn into sharper relief with less intimate, less permanent, more occasional agents, such as witnesses, professors, and defendants. It focuses on the culture of the JMU honor system's more intimate agents and on the more attenuated participants and argues that the honor system's internal agents embrace a culture of guilt, whereby agents weave into their framework a stronger presumption of guilt for accused parties than those external to the system and a greater taste for severity of punishment.
From the Paper "Cheating is prevalent at American colleges and universities. Rutgers University professor Donald L. McCabe is an expert in the field of academic integrity. Research that he conducts published in The Chronicle of Higher Education indicates that nearly 75 percent of students at top colleges and universities have cheated at least once in their adult academic career. (The Chronicle, Oct. 15, 1999). Unless James Madison University is substantially different in some relevant respect from the compilation of schools McCabe's evidence is based upon, there is no reason to think that the rate of cheating at JMU is a substantial deviation from what McCabe reports the national rates to be. (This of course is if we relax any potential criticism of McCabe's internal validity for the time being)."
An analysis of current market and applications for Executive Information Systems software solutions plus details of a small company and how it benefits when implementing such an executive information system.
Abstract The following paper examines how L.L. Bradford and Company, a regional CPA firm, decided to offer its clients full financial services. This paper discusses how such a company that wishes to effectively service their customers and maximize the value of the benefits they can provide, needs to find a software package that can integrate all the existing ?legacy systems? on a relational basis, and allow information that previously had been available only to the auditors through their software to become available to all. The writer also examines how L.L. Bradford chose to buy and customize an off-the-shelf Executive Information System called "Goldmine";which allows all departments to have access to the same customer information, allowing for marketing of services, billing, follow-up and other services the company wishes to provide its clients. This paper goes on to prove that the above is a good example of the benefit of Executive Information Systems, as it shows basically what can be done, and how business and communication between business and clients, departments and management, owners and employees can be facilitated to build business and stimulate growth.
From the Paper "Internet technologies and applications have grown more rapidly than anyone could have envisioned, even as recently as five years ago. They have opened up new means and frontiers of communication, collaboration and coordination between customers, businesses and trading partners.Executive Information Systems, also known as Enterprise Software is an explosively-growing $23 billion a year sub-industry of software for companies looking to use technology to improve virtually every key corporate function ? manufacturing, finance, sales, marketing, human resources and supply-chain management. Executive Information Systems, or Enterprise Resource Planning software, solutions are software solutions that provide a common, consistent system to capture data organization-wide to integrate information across corporate functions and to provide tools for planning and monitoring the various functions and processes towards a common purpose. To compete effectively, companies are challenged to create new products, maximize efficiencies in service, processing and administration, and increase penetration within existing markets, all the while keeping customers satisfied with high levels of service which may span several time zones. While the profitability of corporations is typically measured in dollars, overall success can be measured in terms of profitability plus the attainment of organizational goals. This success derives from a synergy of inputs, including the work of employees who are dedicated, skilled and knowledgeable, and a management team that understands how to inspire competent and motivated performance through sensitive and responsive management of a continually changing workplace."
Abstract This paper explores the reasons for the shift from a hub-based token ring system to an Ethernet system. The author discusses the desire for increased speed, greater bandwidth and general updating of the system to be more compatible with other contemporary systems.
From the Paper "The Ethernet originated as a laboratory project at Xerox Corporation in 1974. It was developed as an inexpensive way of sending information quickly between office machines connected together in a single room or building thus serving in essentially the same way that a local area network functions but it rapidly became a standard computer interconnection method in large measure because of the speed at which it is capable of transmitting data, which is 10 megabits per second. The Ethernet originally required a coaxial cable as its communications medium, but this is no longer the case."
This well-researched paper examines the juvenile justice system and its method of dealing with juvenile offenders which has cyclically gone from a rehabilitative approach to a punitive approach a number of times since its inception.
Abstract This paper explores the history of the juvenile justice system, dating back to the 1820s and until the present. The juvenile justice system in dealing with juvenile offenders has cyclically gone from a rehabilitative approach to a punitive approach a number of times since its inception. The writer of this paper contends that in certain cases juvenile criminals should be treated differently than adults who commit the same crimes and supports this claim by detailing eight possible justifications. One justification is that adults are responsible for their acts, whereas juveniles are not. Another justification is that juveniles are more pliable than adults and respond better to treatment and rehabilitation.
This paper also details various research which examines the history of the juvenile justice system from 1820 which found that when juvenile crime is determined to be high, the justice system responds with severe punishments and few rehabilitative approaches. This paper also discusses the current approach to the juvenile justice system and questions its effectiveness in dealing with juvenile offenders.
From the Paper "What the models or approaches have neglected up to this point is the importance of the victim and the community, accountability of the offender, and competency development. So far there has been the debate between punishment versus treatment as options, but both have negative side effects and essentially ignore everything else. The need for retribution may be satisfied by punishment, but the offender can be negatively affected. Punishment can undermine self-restraint, stigmatizes the offender and creates problems of adjustment, which encourages delinquency, to name a couple, but it also encourages offenders to focus on themselves, not the victim and their responsibility."
Tags: youth, crime, law, legal, justice, system, court, rights
