Abstract This paper examines and analyzes pollution in the PacificOcean over the last ten years, and identifies the various sources for the worsening pollution.
Abstract The following paper explores various types of pollution in the ocean. Pollution from oil spills, run-offs that result in toxic wastes in the ocean and the dumping of foreign particles in the ocean are discussed.
Abstract The paper focuses on a Pentagon Report that was released to the world media in 2004 predicting that the north Atlantic current would stop in the near future, bringing global catastrophe. The paper explains how ocean currents work and describes the phenomenon of global warming. The paper concludes that the events put forth in the Pentagon Report are a plausible scenario, although many scientists contest the events as something which is not likely to happen in the near future.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Theory
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
From the Paper "The Pentagon Report was released to the world media in 2004 predicting that the north Atlantic current would stop in the near future, bringing global catastrophe. It is known that in the past the ocean currents have been affected by changes in climate, although the lack of direct observations make it difficult for scientists to discover the exact nature of changes which are currently being observed. There have however been changes noted in currents in the Pacific and in the Atlantic Oceans related to climate change, suggesting that the events predicted in the Pentagon Report may occur at some stage in the future, although it is difficult to predict exactly when. If such changes in ocean current did occur, it is likely that the changes would impact on a global scale."
Abstract Different views on the causes of the Second World War in the Pacific. The author discusses three possibilities for the outbreak of the war: Roosevelt's hard-lined advisors with their harsh policies towards Japan were responsible for the outbreak of war, that the situation in Russia defined American policies in the Pacific and therefore caused the outbreak of war and that the war was caused by Japan breaking the Washington Conference system.
From the Paper "Many people today believe that Franklin D. Roosevelt was alone responsible for the outbreak of war in the Pacific against Japan in 1941. Many historians contest this view. There were many causes for the start of World War II in the Pacific but no one person is to blame. In an essay by Akira Iriye, ?Clash of Systems: The International Community Confronts Japanese Aggression,? he says the overall situation in Asia caused the war and not F.D.R. in particular. In another essay by Hosoya Chihiro, ?Miscalculation & Economic Sanctions: U.S. Hardliners Ensure War with Japan,? states that Roosevelt was not responsible for this war but his advisors were. In an essay by Waldo Heinrichs, ?Roosevelt's Global Perspective: The Russian Factor in Japanese-American Relations,? in which he states that Roosevelt had policies against Japan so they would not invade the Soviet Union. There were many factors that led to war in the Pacific but there is no central cause."
Tags: causes, franklin, origins, pacific, roosevelt, japan
Abstract This paper examines the political philosophy of
pacifism which holds that the use of violence by the state, under any circumstances is unethical and counterproductive. The paper assesses whether pacifism can be effective against Nazi-like dictatorships and includes a brief examination of nonviolence, the philosophy of Gandhi and King.
From the Paper ?If we had neither weapons nor soldiers, what would we do if an enemy tried to conquer us,? asks Liane Ellison Norman in her essay, Nonviolent Civilian Defense. "What would we do if our government suspended civil liberties, imprisoned, tortured and executed people like us"? (McCarthy, ed. 189). Advocating the pacifist principle, Norman goes on to contend that the modern state does not need a conventional army to protect itself. Nonviolent defense strategy, Norman goes on to argue, provides an effective defense mechanism that surpasses that of conventional armies, the cause of so much chaos and destruction throughout history. Relying on the principle that the ?conquer is meaningless unless the conqueror is able to govern,? and evoking the beliefs and practices of Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Norman and other pacifists argue that the methods of nonviolent civil disobedience ? strikes, marches, sit-ins, etc. ? can replace modern warfare. It is therefore argued that the use of violence by the state, under any circumstances, is unethical and counterproductive."
Abstract This paper explains that Asia-Pacific has become a region of hothouse growth, outpacing for the past decade both North America and the Euro Zone in the production of goods and services. It points out that with the march of some Asia-Pacific countries into the ranks of advanced economies and abundant signs that the others lagging behind are soon expected to follow, consumer spending is on the upswing. This paper further explains that due to multi-national level investments, the human resource departments have great challenges when dealing with cross-continent cultural barriers. This paper uses the case study of an Australian-based multinational corporation to understand these issues further.
From the Paper "Actually, the vast investment and business opportunities offered by Asia-Pacific to foreign entities have always been there. But many were initially discouraged by the generally enigmatic character of this combined market. MNCs, for example, used to find the Japanese market inhospitable, even impenetrable. As for China, the previous attitude of Saudi Arabia towards that country tells the whole story. Until the 1980s, observed the Brooking Institution in Washington, Saudi Arabia was loathe to sell oil to China because of perceptions that it was a godless, revolutionary threat. Now, foreign investors and MNCs tread into the markets of all the Asia-Pacific countries on a welcome mat, such that the region has outflanked even EU as host to the most number of MNCs . But it would seem that MNCs have to sweat it out first to make their standard management and employment practices work in this region of widely divergent cultures."
Abstract This paper reviews the Union Pacific Corporation (UPC), one of the largest rail transportation companies in the world and the leading rail transportation enterprise in the United States. Its primary industry is the rail freight industry, and as such it is headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska where it manages its overall operations which include over 48,000 employees. This paper reports that UP's operations span both the railroad and trucking industry by virtue of its trucking operations that work in tandem with its rail operations through inter-modal transportation strategies. It further discusses how UP maintains and operates over 33,000 miles of rail which connect the Pacific, Gulf and Eastern ports ("Union") and maintains active partnerships with other rail carriers to move a substantial amount of cargo between the US coasts and across both the Canadian and Mexican borders.
Abstract This research paper assesses the impact of introduced disease on Pacific Island communities such as Polynesia, Fiji, New Zealand, and the Philippines in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, analyzes how the epidemics spread, and what methods of missionary medicine were available to the victims.
Abstract A SWOT analysis that examines the potential internal strengths and weaknesses as well as the potential environmental opportunities and threats to Canadian Pacific Hotels and Resorts (CPHR). The analysis concludes that CPHR has an essentially sound strategy that should operations into Europe in order to tap into unrealized operational income and to absorb potential reduction in North American income.
Abstract This paper explains that Saburo Lenaga's novel "The Pacific War, 1931-1945" provides a highly informative commentary regarding the role of China and Japan in a war. The author points out that Lenaga recreate the turmoil and confusion that plagued China and Asia during this particularly difficult period in history. The paper suggests that the war might have been prevented if circumstances were different.
From the Paper "A novel by Saburo Lenaga entitled "The Pacific War: 1931-1945" provides a highly informative commentary regarding the role of China and Japan in a war that propelled these nations into a tailspin of confusion and regret. The invasion of China by Japan served as the beginning force in a war that was largely undertaken due to misunderstandings and confusion at all sides of the fence, and the continuous conflicts between China and Japan with regards to policy were truly obvious in the war effort. In many ways, it is evident that these misunderstandings created many of the problems leading up to the invasion of China, and therefore, the conflict might have been prevented if each side had taken the time that was necessary to consider their roles."
Abstract The writer explains the causes and effects of the El Nino, which has an ocean warming effect, and the La Nina, which creates unusually cold ocean temperatures. The paper describes how the winds, the ocean surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation affect the natural climatic conditions in the Pacific region. The writer explains the impact these effects have on weather and climate in the United States. The paper examines the effect that climatic changes have on the economy. In conclusion, the paper states that the effects of the El Nino and La Nina create significant changes to the weather patterns, which are naturally created and affected, by changes in sea temperatures.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Causes
Ocean Surface Temperature and Atmospheric Circulations
- During Normal Conditions
- Conditions During El Ni"o
- Conditions During La Ni"a
Effects of El Nino and La Nina
Impact on Weather and Climatic Changes
Impact on Economy
Ecological Impact
Conclusion
Bibliography
References
From the Paper "Under "normal" conditions, the tropical trade winds blow from east to west, collecting warm water in the western Pacific. In the eastern Pacific, the trade winds pull up cold, deep, nutrient-rich waters down the equator from the Ecuadorian coast to the central Pacific. The warmth of the western Pacific results in a predominantly vigorous hydrologic cycle there with towering cumulus clouds and tropical storms that "radiate" atmospheric waves and disturbances across vast area of the globe. Heat and moisture lofted into the upper atmosphere by the clouds and storms are dispersed by high-altitude winds across vast regions of the globe.
During an El Ni?o, this situation is interrupted and the trade winds weaken, thus reducing the upwelling of cool waters in the eastern Pacific and permits the pool of warm water in the west to drift eastward toward South America. As the central and eastern Pacific warms, atmospheric pressure gradients along the equator decline, and the trade winds lessen even more."
This paper explores the dynamics of a U.S.-Japan security alliance in the Asia-Pacific where America's national interests would be preserved in tandem with the emerging global order.
Abstract The paper discusses the factors that govern the present and likely future dynamics affecting the Asia-Pacific region. The paper relates the history of America's relationship with Japan, the rise of China, the North Korean military threat, the global war on terror, piracy and the potential melting of the Arctic ocean. The paper considers a range of policy options that will ensure the Asia-Pacific security framework is maintained. The paper includes several maps and an interview with a professor.
Outline:
Historical Perspective
The China Factor
The North Korean Conundrum
The Global War on Terror
Piracy and SLOC Security
The Polar Great Game
A Concert of Democracies
Policy Options for U.S.-Japan Security Alliance in the Asia Pacific
From the Paper "America has shared a bittersweet relationship with Japan since the colonial days. "In 1853, Commodore Matthew Perry aboard the battleship Mississippi arrived in Uraga, Edo Bay, demanding the opening of trade." The symbolism of the incident was not lost on the Japanese who had taken note of the carving up of China into 'Spheres of Influence' by the colonial powers and decided to sign a Treaty of Peace and Amity with the United States and then with other Western powers. Thus, an uneasy peace prevailed which continued until the U.S. declared an economic boycott of Japan in the 1930s to protect its interests in China "leading to Pearl harbor" . Japan's defeat in the Second World War led to its reinvention in the American mold with a pacifist constitution, 'Made in America' with strict stipulations on its adherence. According to the basic principles of that constitution, Japan fore swore resort to war, gave up the right to have armed forces and agreed to follow the tenets of peaceful existence in exchange for a security guarantee by the United States."
An El Nino event manifests as the appearance of warm sea surface water in the central and eastern PacificOcean near the equator. This paper discusses the effect this event has had on Ecuador.
Abstract The writer gives examples of damage done to the country of Ecuador as a result of heavy rains. El Nino battered Ecuador harder than almost any other country. The paper also cites long-term effects of the damage, such as crop destruction and loss of property. The paper then looks at ways in which the country is learning to predict future storms, thereby allowing for preparation.
From the Paper "The Bermeo family had been driven from their small home and farm, looking for dry ground, unable to get into the overcrowded refugee camps. They had to swim to safety after a food swept through their valley and buried their farm in mud. Their pigs and chicks drowned and the smallest children were saved by climbing into a high tree until a neighbor with a boat rescued them. They said they were afraid of the passing cars and trucks, but more afraid of the water."
Abstract In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of the Lewis & Clark expedition. Specifically the writer discusses how the expedition came to be and looks at what findings with which the explorers returned. The writer explains that Lewis and Clark and their Corps of Discovery traveled across America to the PacificOcean between 1804 and 1806, and then returned east to report their findings. The writer notes that it was one of the greatest exploratory expeditions in American history, and it resulted in a much greater understanding of the lands "out west."
From the Paper "He chose Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to lead the expedition, and asked Congress for the money to fund it ($2500). They chose 40 men to accompany them, trained them throughout the winter of 1803, and set off from St. Louis, Missouri in May 1804.
"Toussaint Charbonneau and his young wife, Sacagawea joined the expedition in North Dakota at the Mandan Indian settlement. Lewis & Clark hired Charbonneau, a French fur trapper, to act as a guide for the next leg of their journey, and he brought his wife and young son along. Sacagawea was a young Shoshone girl, who provided much help during the expedition."
