Abstract This paper discusses consumer behavior dynamics that are starting to emerge from the pervasive outsourcing of services. The paper particularly focuses on the outsourcing of plasticsurgery and describes the way in which consumers from wealthier countries fly to South Africa and combine surgery with safari, in order to receive cheaper, but quality services.
From the Paper "For any business model or even the strategies that support them to survive, there has to be more of a balance between the 4 Ps of marketing which include promotion, place or distribution, and product in addition to price. In fact price is the most volatile and over-used of differentiators in many companies and entire industries. This has been exacerbated by global outsourcing strategies in many industries, with many looking for the 40% reduction in costs to justify moving their services spending, manufacturing operations, or both offshore. Yet pricing cannot sustain a business model for more than several quarters, even in the most commoditized of industries, according to research completed by Marn, Roegner, and Zawada of McKinsey and Company (The Power of Pricing, Pages 27 - 36)."
Abstract The paper discusses plasticsurgery and poses some questions: Is plasticsurgery right for you? Why even think about plasticsurgery? What are the reasons for someone to have plasticsurgery? What are the risks? The paper notes that the number of cosmetic surgeries is rapidly increasing. The paper points out that it is important to consider the risks involved in plasticsurgery compared to the benefits of having it. The paper adds that it is also important to check the credential of the plastic surgeon and to interview the surgeon.
From the Paper "Is plastic surgery right for you? Why even think about plastic surgery? What are the reasons for someone to have plastic surgery? What are the risks? In a recent issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, it shows that only 5% of young college-aged women have plastic surgery (Epidemic of Cosmetic Procedures 81). However, the number of cosmetic surgeries is rapidly increasing. "The number of surgical and nonsurgical cosmetic procedures in the United States increased by 44% in 2004 to a total of nearly 11.9 million" (Cosmetic procedures 50). What are some of the cosmetic surgeries that people have? "Top surgical and nonsurgical cosmetic procedures among all Americans in 2004 included liposuction, Botox, breast augmentation, laser hair removal, eyelid surgery, chemical peel, rhinoplasty, microdermabrasion, face lift and hyaluronic acid" (Cosmetic procedures 50)."
Abstract This paper studies the plasticsurgery industry in the United States. It focuses on breast implants and face lifts. It describes the history of the field and discusses the current techniques. The paper contends that cosmetic surgery has become a multi-billion dollar industry and involves many more average Americans than stars and wealthy patients. The industry is thriving despite the controversy over the breast implant surgery and the future looks very profitable. The paper concludes that the industry of plasticsurgery will continue to thrive and prosper in the future, especially in the United States.
From the Paper "Until several decades ago plastic surgery was reserved for the very wealthy and Hollywood movie stars. They would go into hiding, and come out a few weeks later looking younger than they did before. Everyone knew something had been lifted or tucked but it was rarely vocalized in public. Then the breast implant market hit the scene and the plastic surgery industry exploded into a Mecca of revenue and business. Women between 18 and 80 were rushing to have their breasts enlarged. Once this became an accepted practice it was not long before the "average" person was taking vacation time from work to have a face-lift. Cosmetic surgery has become a multi-billion dollar industry and involves many more average Americans than stars and wealthy patients. The industry is thriving even given the controversy over the breast implant surgery and the future looks very profitable. "
Tags:Plastic, Cosmetic, surgery, Hollywood, face, lift, breast, implant, United, States, industry
Abstract This paper discusses the background of plasticsurgery. It looks into both genres of plasticsurgery - reconstructive surgery and cosmetic or aesthetic surgery. The paper discusses the pros of plasticsurgery, particularly in the realm of reconstructive surgery and then discusses its cons, particularly the medical risks and uncertainties that are associated with it.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background of PlasticSurgery PlasticSurgery Cons
PlasticSurgery Pros
From the Paper "Plastic surgery also has several advantages, especially in the area of reconstructive surgery. Reconstructive surgery is used to correct deficiencies that would otherwise have no means of treatment. Reconstructive surgery has made some of the most notable advancements in the area of microsurgery, and can be used to repair birth defects, such as cleft pallets, and internal forms of function. It can also be used to repair injuries suffered in accidents, and has led to saving limbs and restoring joints that otherwise would be irreparable. Burns can be repaired by skin grafting, and facial injuries involving extensive dental repair are common procedures for plastic surgery, that can improve an individual's self esteem as well as their ability to perform usual and normal functions. Additionally, the field of plastic surgery has widely grown, increasing the accuracy of procedures. Finally, as innovations in this area allow plastic surgery to flourish, the restoration of normal human form and function will become safer."
Abstract This paper discusses that modern plasticsurgery has its origins in World War I as physicians attempted to return, to some degree of wholeness, the many soldiers who were so terribly mutilated. This paper focuses on plasticsurgery with examples of nose and breast reshaping. The author feels that plasticsurgery was used mostly not to express women's essential freedom and modernity but to try to please the men in their lives who still had substantial power over them.
From the Paper "But, it was even more controversial when performed for cosmetic reasons ? especially when it was performed on women. Women were gaining a great deal of social, political and economic power in the 1920s ? spurred by their having gained the franchise in 1920 ? and the look of the Flapper as the modern woman was seen as threatening to many. Bobbed hair, bobbed skirts and bobbed noses seemed to many people all to be symptoms of the too-great power that women were gaining in society."
Abstract This paper explains the origins of plasticsurgery, looks at the technological advancements that have aided the evolution of plasticsurgery, describes the different types of plasticsurgery, and discusses its psychological effects.
From the Paper "The term "plastic" is derived from the Greek syllable "plastikos" meaning "mold" or "give shape to". Plastic surgery is a special branch of medicine that deals with curing or rectifying facial disfigurement, scarring or other anomalies in the physical features that are either congenital or accidental. Advancements in technology have broadened the scope of plastic surgery and today it is performed for a variety of cosmetic purposes like, face-lift, breast implantation, reduction, penile enlargement etc. The historic origin of plastic surgery is traced back to India (hundreds of years BC), where a text has references to what can be called as modern day rhinoplasty. Then in Italy during the sixteenth century Gasparo Tagliocozzi specialized techniques to treat facial disfigurement. He is also credited with the publication (1597) of the first comprehensive account of skin transplantation method in his work ?De curtorum chirurgia per insitionem," [Alysa R herman]. But plastic surgery, as a specialist branch of medicine became prominent only during the World War 1 period where the exigencies of the wartime situation and the horribly mutilated faces of thousands of soldiers demanded new methods of treatment and "maxillofacial surgery" evolved. [Elizabeth Haiken]"
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that it is common knowledge that many people find it desirable to undergo surgery for facelifts and other kinds of "corrective" surgery. However, the writer points out that what is not perhaps as well known is that many people have "cosmetic" surgery for reasons that go well beyond vanity. Some have plasticsurgery to eliminate severe facial deformities; some go under the knife to deal with the erosion of their self-esteem, while others get plasticsurgery to repair a bothersome physical feature. This paper takes the position that while there are definitely risks involved in plasticsurgery proceedings, in most cases the potential good that came come from the surgery is well worth the medical risk. And further, the writer maintains that the science of corrective surgery has reached the point where the risks are minimized and the results are very worth the risks. Still, it is very important for the patient to do his or her homework prior to going into cosmetic surgery. The material presented in this paper explains why advance research is vital.
From the Paper "There have been instances in which people undergoing plastic surgery have been injured or killed. Two women died in New York in the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital after undergoing plastic surgery in 2003, Shute explains; the hospital was fined $20,000 for "egregious violations" of safety procedures because of those deaths. In Florida there were eight deaths of plastic surgery patients over an 18-month period in 2003-2004; as a result, Shute continues, the health officials in Florida imposed a three-month ban on surgeries that combine liposuction and tummy tucks. What happens during cosmetic surgery that can cause death? According to this article people can and do get infections, especially when they go abroad to places like the Dominican Republic or Mexico for "cut-rate" surgery; in some foreign countries the attention to sterile, clean surgical conditions is perhaps not as great as it should be."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that in today's contemporary society, cosmetic surgery is more popular than ever. Studies including those by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons suggest that an increasing number of teenagers and young adults are seeking cosmetic surgery to enhance or change their figure or parts of their body. The writer points out that many are opposed to the concept, suggesting teenagers should not have the choice to utilize cosmetic surgery. This paper argues that teenagers should have access to elective cosmetic surgery when they have their parents' permission, as parents are more likely to be able to understand the potential side effects of surgery and help the patient make a secure and well-thought out decision. The writer maintains that patients that do not have parental consent should not have the option of cosmetic surgery.
From the Paper "Undoubtedly cosmetic surgery may benefit patients' interpersonal relationships and self-esteem, which ultimately leads to a better quality of life. This is more so the case when the patient suffers from a birth defect or other abnormality that affects their appearance. However, cosmetic surgery is not something to be taken lightly, as for many it can prove very damaging and have long-lasting side effects. Adults undergoing surgery are more likely to make wise decisions because their brains are fully matured and because their bodies have stopped growing."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that those in the media and public eye are constantly scrutinized regarding their looks and their age. Women, more so than men, are expected to appear young and vibrant, and many have turned to plasticsurgery to achieve this goal. More and more men in the media, however, are also jumping on the surgery bandwagon to compete with their younger male counterparts entering the industry. The writer discusses that this move toward plasticsurgery is a wonderful method of turning back the clock on aging as long as it is a voluntary, informed choice, and not done with trepidation as a desperate act to restore youth. The writer argues that having cosmetic plasticsurgery should remain a personal choice and whether one decides to alter, improve, or enhance their appearance should not be a reflection, either positively or negatively on their character, as it should not on the individual who decides to forego the procedure. Although those physically attractive people in the media and in society in general often receive preferential treatment and are perceived by others as more sociable and intelligent, it is not perception that is important, but how one feels about themselves on the inside that really counts. The writer concludes that this is what should lead us regarding any decision we should make about the media, plasticsurgery, and our lives in general.
From the Paper "One such example of a female broadcaster who has refused to change her appearance is that of Stephanie Edwards, who had hosted the televised versions of the Rose Parade for many years and was the ongoing spokesperson for Lucky's Supermarkets in their broadcast and print advertisements. Her co-host for the yearly parades was a male game show host and media celebrity, Wink Martindale, who is now the spokesperson for Orbitz, a travel agency. While Stephanie's older co-host, Wink, continued to receive his 5-year contracts, Stephanie was given 1-year contracts instead. Additionally, her contract with Lucky's restricted her to radio spots only. Today, Stephanie Edwards is nowhere to be seen in television media, however, as stated Wink, looking as if he has had some "work" done himself, is successfully doing television commercials for Orbitz."
Abstract This paper shows how the author agues that women do not engage in body work (activities like exercise and plasticsurgery) in order to conform to a paternalistic, and unrealistic view of beauty that is perpetrated by the popular media. Instead, Gimlin gives the empowering argument that women engage in body work in order to nurture a relationship between the body and self-identity.
From the Paper "In "Body Work", Gimlin examines a series of mini-ethnographies in her attempt to understand the complex relationships that American women have with their bodies and their self-identities. She examines four main sites, in collecting research for her book. Gimlin conducted in-depth research and extensive interviews at each location. Gimlin explores a beauty salon, an aerobics class, a plastic surgery clinic, and the National Association to Advance Fat Acceptance (NAAFA), a political and social organization designed to empower overweight women."
Abstract In Western culture, there is often more emphasis placed on a woman's appearance than on a man's. This phenomenon is visible on all levels of society - from private concerns to public behavior. The paper argues that it would seem that in recent decades women have begun to reject this cultural value, claiming that it dehumanizes and objectifies women, making them aesthetic objects rather than living, complex beings. The paper argues, however, that the growth of the cosmetics, dieting and plasticsurgery industries might prove that now, more than ever, women - more than men - are concerned with looking good.
From the Paper "Five times more women than men are dieting in America today. Dieting has become such a fad that perceptions of obesity have come to affect more than just the obese. A Chapel Hill study found that differences in body fat among teenage girls had strong implications for dating, with fatter girls getting fewer dates and showing lower levels of self-esteem than thinner girls. Interestingly, girls with below average body fat were at a significant advantage - they were twice as likely to find a date than their more rounded counterparts."
Abstract This paper argues that we need to be more educated about the potential negative effects of body modifications on our health, career and everyday life. The author explains that piercing, tattoos, and plasticsurgery, fueled by peer pressure, have been increasing in popularity among all ages over the years, and hence many people do not look at their health hazards. Examples are given, such as tooth loss from tongue piercings and the rupturing of silicone implants. The paper concludes that those who want to change their body in any way need to ask themselves how will it impact their life in the future and whether they can afford the consequences. This paper contains figures.
From the Paper "Tattoos can be seen as unprofessional and possibly offensive which can reduce employment opportunities. For instance, the United States Military is a great way for a young man or woman to obtain an education and more. However, the military will not allow people in if they have offensive tattoos or tattoos that are on the neck or above. For example, if someone turned eighteen and got a tattoo of a naked woman wrapped in a Confederate flag they would be denied entry into the military because it would offend many people. Also, many other companies will not employ people with visible tattoos for fear of offending a client. In addition, tattoos can be expensive, but not getting the career someone wants can be more costly."
Tags: accident expensive, breast cancer, infection popularity trend
Abstract Breast augmentation surgery seems to be a growing trend in this day and age. Superficially, it has become accepted by society and often classified as beautiful. In reality, young women are paying exorbitant prices for a painful and risky surgery. In addition, the fragile self-esteem of these women is put into the hands of the doctors, hoping that they will make them beautiful. This research paper explores the effects of breast enlargement surgery and the media on college-aged women. The paper includes personal observations by the author.
From the Paper "It seems to me that plastic surgeons play on these insecurities to make their money. For an example, the initial consultation is thoroughly humiliating. The patient has to take off her shirt as the doctor marks all over her body with a "sharpie" marker. He points out all of the woman's imperfections and what he hopes to do with the surgery. Now, once a
young woman sees all of these imperfections she's never noticed before, she?ll want the surgery more than ever. This is the mentality that the doctors hope for in their patients. In fact, according to Joel Studin, about 70% of the women who complete the initial consultation end up following through with the surgery (Studin 3). Another tactic used is the offer of a free consultation. While this may initially sound like the doctors are doing the patients a favor, they know that 70% are going to come back and pay $3,000- $14,000 to get the surgery completed. Yet still, the free consultation appeals to young women and brings them in, just to be pointed out where all of their imperfections are."
Abstract Throughout history, women have been fed the notion that beauty is all that matters in life. Today, in the 21st century, women are the primary targets of the media industry. The paper shows that media manipulation of women's perspectives related to their appearance routinely occurs, as media moguls persist to work hand in hand with the cosmetic industry, feeding society with unattainable ideals, encouraging women to mutilate themselves for psychological reasons, often with lethal consequences usually hidden in fine print.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Thesis
History and Ideals of Beauty
Modern Day Cosmetic Surgery as a "Panacea", the Cure All for Life's
Problems
Beauty and Unattainable Ideals
Beauty as a Business Industry
Media and Manipulation
Wrong Reasons for Undergoing PlasticSurgery Lethal Consequences
Conclusion
From the Paper "Initially, "cosmetic surgery" was intended and typically reserved as a repair mechanism to assist wounded and deformed soldiers in war. Soldiers returning from WWI with missing limbs and shrapnel torn faces entrusted their appearance to the hands of skilled surgeons of the time. The development of cosmetic surgery received a push for movement from the need to repair gross deformities sustained in WWI to the need to change normal and typical physical appearances. Early surgeons intended cosmetic surgery for surgical repair of congenital or acquired deformities and the restoration of contour to improve the appearance and function of tissue defects (Kazanjian, 250). Today however, cosmetic surgery takes on a whole new meaning, and the players are participating in a totally different ball game. Though many plastic surgeons are still touted and well received for their remarkable abilities to restore dignity to the deformed, cosmetic surgery has also taken on a new meaning. Cosmetic surgery has become a mechanism women have turned to in hopes of changing not just their appearance, but also their life."
Abstract This paper defines outsourcing as the allocation of responsibilities or assignments from in-house production to an outside body. This paper details the advantages and disadvantages to this growing business practice. The writer of this paper examines the effectiveness of outsourcing and out-tasking which entails shifting a considerable amount of management control to the supplier. This paper also discusses the issue of outsourcing to foreign countries where the cost is significantly lower. This paper delves into the development of outsourcing, which began with Ross Perot in 1962, and has since become a growing world-wide trend. This paper details the various types of services that are outsourced, such as computer programming positions, administrative works and production assignments, while also discussing the countries that end up with these jobs, like India, which continues to be the highest end-point for outsourced work. This paper also explores the primary causes for outsourcing, which begins with lower pay. This paper also examines the various companies that are currently outsourcing their services, such as Delta Airlines.
Table of Contents:
What is Outsourcing?
What is the Percentage of US Firms that Outsource?
What Kinds of Jobs are Outsourced? Labor Intensive? Technology Based?
What is the Major Cause of US Firms Outsourcing Work?
Is There Any "In-Sourcing"? Other Countries Send Jobs to the US? What Kinds of Jobs? What Countries?
References
From the Paper "The recent figures reveal in-sourcing is responsible for more than 6.5 million jobs countrywide. Even though this is less compared to the number of outsourced occupations, the difference has really come close in the previous 25 years. This implies, a latest pattern has been observed wherein foreign businesses accumulating jobs in the U.S. rapidly compared to U.S. companies have added jobs in foreign countries. Take into account what has taken place in heavy production industries comprising the production of vehicles, computers, electronics and other machineries. From the middle part of 1990, foreign enterprises have put up 400,000 more jobs in these industries in the U.S. Over the same period, U.S. companies shifted 300,000 vacancies to foreign nations in the same business sectors."
Tags: business, india, practice, finance, outsourcing, economy
