Abstract
The paper discusses the development of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), one of the major technological breakthroughs since the invention of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in providing digital lighting and display. The paper examines how these components display brighter colors, produce faster refresh rates, consume less power, and cost less to manufacture. The paper further discusses how OLEDs are being used in consumer electronics such as cellular phones, personal digital organizers (PDAs), and flat-screen televisions. The paper examines how these can be used in virtual reality, heads-up display (HUDs), and in the military. The paper concludes that the technology looks very promising, and may provide us with a cheaper and better alternative to current LCDs and LEDs in displaying bright and crisp digital images.

Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Introduction to Topic
History / Background
Current Technology/Implementations/Understandings
A. OLED Structure
B. OLED Operation
C. Advantages
D. Disadvantages
Analysis of Existing Knowledge
Summary of Topic
Short Term Outlook
Recommendations and/or Conclusions
Bibliography

From the Paper
"When electricity is applied to the OLED (around 2 to 10 volts), the electrical current is received by the cathode and gives electrons to the emissive layer. At the same time the anode also receives an electric current and it sucks electrons from the conductive layer. This creates "electron holes" between the emissive and conductive layers, which are then filled up. This is the step which creates light. To create brighter light, it is only necessary to increate the electrical current. To create colors, several OLED layers are used which contain color components for red, green, and blue (Freudenrich, n.d.)."

Tags:electric, current, organic, compounds, engineering, flexibility

Abstract
This paper examines the use of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and FOLED technology for department stores. It further points out the capabilities and potential uses of the technology.

From the Paper
"For too long department stores have remained behind in a world of technological advancement. While other industries have capitalized on and richly profited from technological breakthroughs, department stores have largely clung to the same methods and technologies they have used for the past years. Other than abandoning the old pneumatic tube systems once utilized for obtaining change from an office downstairs and the manual cash registers popular in the good old days, department stores today have changed little in recent decades."

Tags:OLED, FOLED, department store, technology, flexible, roll-up, Internet, diode

Abstract
This paper discusses how light emitting diodes (LEDs) work, materials used to make them, their significance in everyday appliances, and what they may be used for in the future by employing new technologies. The full utility of these devices has not yet been realized; they are highly efficient and have many applications in illumination and storage technology. This paper "sheds some light" on the many uses for this seemingly simple device.

From the Paper
"Before discussing semiconductors and semiconductor devices we should first cover the basics of conduction. Conductivity of a material is dependent on three factors. First is the number of charge carriers per unit volume or carrier density. Charge carriers can be electrons, holes or ions or any combination thereof. The second factor is the charge per carrier. This is typically measured in Coulombs so it is the elementary charge in the case of electrons and holes or is the charge of the ion in that case. The third factor is the charge mobility. This factor is a little more complicated and will be covered in more depth later. It is dependent, however, on acceleration of the carrier, dependent on electric field strength, and the average time between collisions, which is dependent on temperature and defect concentration. The conductivity is then the product of these three terms."

Tags:electrical, engineering, materials

Abstract
The writer of this article explores why organic is better. The writer provides an analysis of organic food in comparison to genetically modified foods. This paper discusses why organic foods are better than genetically modified ones. First, this paper provides a definition of organic foods. Then, the paper discusses whether organic foods sell more than genetically modified ones and and how organic foods are sold. Finally, the paper presents an argument why organic foods are healthier and safer than genetically modified ones.

From the Paper
"When most people think of the term organic, an image of an environmentally conscious farmer plowing his field covered with long shafts of wheat swaying against the wind comes to mind. Words associated with the term organic are healthy, pesticide-free and flavorful. Like most stereotypes there is a grain of truth in the representations that people encounter on a daily basis. It is true that most organic farmers are environmentally health and socially conscious ... "

Tags:organic foods, genetically modified foods, health and lifestyle, pesticides, allergens

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the issue of organic food and looks at its importance in today's society. The writer notes that the trend for buying and eating organic food seems to have exploded in the last few years. The writer discusses that many people believe that organic food will help preserve the environment and/or organic food is healthier to eat.

From the Paper
"Are people products of what they eat? Does it matter whether a person eats organic or not? Why are more businesses buying organic food including Wal-Mart? Patricia Allen and Martin Kovach state that organic food is fast becoming a popular trend, they state, "The increase in production and consumption of organic food is one of the major market trends of our time". More and more people are buying organic food. It is important to consider whether organic food is due to social consumption or whether buying organic food is here to stay and why. The trend for buying and eating organic food seems to have exploded in the ..."

Tags:organic, food, society

Abstract
The paper looks at whether the presence of dissolved organic matter affects algae growth and focuses on the effects of this on resource availability. It discusses the contents of dissolved organic matter and discusses how science can manipulate organic matters that may stimulate bacterial growth and thus may change the conditions to allow algae growth.

From the Paper
"Jan Viezer (2002) contends that it is the responsibility of science, namely microbiology, to discover the damage that has occurred to land and water over time as man has occupied the earth and natural disasters are continuously moving elements of man and nature across the globe (p. 57). Yet, science has the known ability in the modern age to determine the natural state of the earth, to include the ground masses, as well as the water ways, and this is significant because this knowledge will allow man to manipulate organic matters that will stimulate needed bacterial and algae growth in an attempt to preserve that which has already been severely damaged over time. Nitrogen has been determined to be a cause of "plant production in coastal water" (Anderson, Brady, Brooks, Brauwer, Levinson, McDonald, Neimi, Pearl, Racicinky, and Wardrop, 2004, p. 979)."

Tags:algae, organic, bacteria

Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at the controversy surrounding the organic vs. non-organic food debate. Additionally, it deals with price issues, small farmers dealing with giant coporations, watchdog groups, and the various health issues that some have claimed to be a result of the pesticides and antiobiotics in conventionally produced and grown food. The paper explores these issues from the perspective of economics.

From the Paper
"The one constant that emerges from both sides of organic vs. non-organic divide is that the law of the current demand for organic milk is exactly in line with Kotlikoff's dim view of American politician's answer to popular goods of any kind: "spend more, tax less" (12). At the heart of the debate over this issue is not government meddling, as the watchdog..."

Tags:opinions, organic, food

Abstract
This research paper examines the hazards and risks associated with the use of blue light in the work place. In addition, the paper examines the use of green light in the workplace and the safety issues relating to the use of green light. Also examined is the fact that blue light marketers inform the public that lamps with 'enhanced' UV will ensure better health.

Outline:
Introduction
Aim
Objectives
Hypothesis
Rationale
Methodology
Literature Review
Summary
Recommendation

From the Paper
"Photometric quantities such as luminance (brightness in cd/cm2 as perceived by a human "standard observer") and illuminance in lux (the "light" falling on a surface) indicate light levels spectrally weighted by the standard photometric visibility curve which peaks at 550 nm for the human eye. To quantify a photochemical effect it is not sufficient to specify the number of photons-per-square-centimeter (photon flux) or the irradiance (W/cm2) since the efficiency of the effect will be highly dependent on wavelength."

Tags:qualitative, nature, effectiveness, photoretinitis, morning, blue, light

Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the scavenging of atmospheric organic contaminants from precipitation, specifically snow and rain. The paper also determined and quantified, from scavenging, the amount of polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present in snow and rain. Snow scavenging of organic contaminants was being studied because little is known about this phenomenon and a large amount of precipitation, which occurs in North America, occurs in the form of snow. By studying the various precipitation the researchers were able to observe snow scavenging, the gas scavenging abilities of rain and the particle scavenging abilities of both rain and snow.

Tags:contaminates, organic

Abstract
This paper examines the systems of management and authority practiced in Australia with regard to organic farming. In order to be considered a registered organic farmer, strict rules need to be followed. This paper discusses these regulations and interviews individual farmers about their reactions and attitudes.

From the Paper
"The attitudes that prevail in organic farming in Australia are not surprising if we look to other work on broad dimensions of Australian culture, dimensions that we should certainly expect to see reflected in management style. One such index to cultural dimensions that is widely used is Hofstede's dimensions. Hofstede created a quantitative method for measuring aspects of culture that extend widely across different arenas such as a value for individualism as opposed to collectivism and "masculine" as opposed to "feminine" traits."

Tags:farmer, farm, farming, organic, australia, management, style