Abstract
This paper explains that the UAE is endowed with an extensive coastline fringed by white sandy beaches and a varied landscape suitable for a wide variety of activities from powerboat races to sand skiing to golf . The author suggests that, to draw more tourists to stay longer, increase spending, and make repeat visits, efforts need to be intensified to represent Dubai and UAE as exotic places with year-round events filled with a carnival atmosphere. This requires a well-planned and widely publicized tourism calendar throughout the year and well in advance. The paper stresses that tourism must be placed high on the national agenda and be given the same status as expor-oriented and infrastructure industry.

Table of Content
Background to Research Study
An Overview
Research Area of Study
Recent Development
Research Aim and Objectives + Research Questions
Research Aim
Layout of the Dissertation
Tourism Planning and Development
The History of Tourism Planning and Development in the Gulf Region
Sustainability and Tourism Development in the Middle East
Tourism as National Income Provider in Gulf States
Case Study Dubai, UAE and Middle East
History of Dubai and UAE as Tourist Destinations
Changes in Tourism Development in Dubai, UAE and Middle East
Reason for the Increase In Tourism Development of Dubai
Winning Combination
Quality of the Infrastructure
Increase in the number of Visitors
Better Partnership between Public And Private Sectors
Government Policy
Growth in Service Sectors
Germany as a Market
Expansion of Parking Bays at the Airports
Dubailand
Growth in the Non-Oil GDP
Oil Contribution
The Importance of Tourism for Dubai as a Secondary Source of Income
Obstacles to Future Tourism Development in Dubai and UAE
Changing Outlook
Transportation Network
Renovation of Tourism Product
Other Measures

From the Paper
"The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federation, consisting of seven tribally based emirates that lead the southeastern portion of the Arabian Peninsula south of Bahrain and Qatar. The federation covers 83,600 square kilometers and geographically it is enclosed on the north by the Persian Gulf and Iran, on the east by Oman, and on the south and west by Saudi Arabia. Its geographical locations separate Oman from its territory on the Musandam peninsula and extend 90 kilometers along the Gulf of Oman, an area known as the al-Batinah coast. The curse of the nature in the form of arid desert and salt flats are visible everywhere. However, Arabs are not a frustrated lot due to arid climates and blessed in the form of oil reserves by the Mother Nature. They are blessed with mountains in the northeast that rise to 1,200 meters. Due to low rainfall, there are few fertile areas except in the north and among the oases."

Tags:history, beaches, activities, carnival, priority

Abstract
This paper discusses how Middle Eastern countries like the United Arab Emirates, who are so rich in oil, still depend on tourism to boost their economy. The paper takes a look at how the petroleum producing and exporting nations of the Arabian Peninsula recognize that their countries are growing. And, as their populations expand, oil does not generate the same amount of wealth per-capita as it once did. The paper further discusses how terrorism and catastrophic events such as those of September 11, 2001 conjure up images of potentially devastating attacks on existing oilfields and facilities.

From the Paper
"Yet the infrastructure of tourism demands a great many instances of high capital investment. The capital-labor ratio is high compared to such businesses as insurance or real estate. Tourist accommodations - luxury hotels especially - require a high ratio of staff to consumer. The same goes for restaurants, shopping malls, and entertainment complexes - all of which are necessary to provide the services expected by international travelers. Nevertheless, while hotels and restaurants, for example, provide a return on investment well below the actual funds invested, other industries that bear subsidiary relationships to tourism and hospitality are especially remunerative. Trade, construction, and even handicrafts, all provide returns far in excess of one hundred percent. Each one of these fields can respond directly to a growth in tourism. Construction workers build the hotels, restaurants, and malls that cater to travelers and locals alike, while handicrafts have always been part of the stock-in-trade of the tourism industry. Handicrafts contribute to the "local color" and to foreign perceptions of the people of the United Arab Emirates. The relationship between trade and tourism is somewhat more complex. But it begins with the kinds of business conventions, sporting and cultural events that are adjuncts to many a traveler's visits to a foreign city or nation. Businesspeople can discover Dubai as tourists, and vice-versa. "

Tags:hotels, petroleum, dubai, residential, entertainment

Abstract
This paper explains that the Gulf States countries realize that they can not continue to sustain their economies based on crude oil; therefore, they have identified the tourism industry as a viable option for the economy of the region. The author points out that the success of the tourism industry is dependent on regional stability, which is a problem in the Arabian Peninsula. The paper relates that tourism industry is labor-intensive; however, in the Persian Gulf region, the native population density is low, and skilled and trained workforces are generally imported from around the world. Maps.

Table of Content
Introduction
Introduction and Overview
Problem Statement
Importance of this Study
Definition of Terms
Limitations
Overview of this Study
Literature Review on Tourism Management
Overview of the Tourism Industry
Needs of the Tourism Industry
Identifying Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats
Political map
The United Arab Emirates
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Bahrain
Yemen
Oman
Kuwait
Need for Sustainable Development
Different Types of Tourism
Marketing the Region to the Rest of the World
Supporting Tourism
The External Factors in the Persian Gulf affecting the Tourism Industry
Political Analysis of the Persian Gulf Region
Economic Analysis
Social Analysis
Technological Analysis
Legal Environment
Environmental Analysis
Competitive Analysis of the Market
Internal Rivalry
Barriers to Entry
Substitutes and Compliments
Buyer Power
Bargaining Powers of Suppliers
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
Summary

From the Paper
"In 2002, WTTC organized the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg, South Africa to identify the important factors and constraints that are facing the travel and tourism industry. (WTTC) Tremendous amounts of resources and investments are made by the private sector in the travel and tourism industry. The private sector is always driven by the need to generate profits and revenue for the organization making the investments at the same time these entities are expected to practice responsible behavior and observe the laws and regulation of the region within which they conduct business and behave ethically and morally in the region. Long term planning and resource development is also essential. It does not make financial sense for a corporation to build a multibillion dollar resort only to have to abandon it ten years down the road if the corporation has not been able to maintain the integrity and environment in which the resort operates. "

Tags:workforce, stability, supply, hotels, promotion

Abstract
The paper shows that 220 million people pay a visit every year to the Mediterranean coastline and this is taking its toll on the environment of the area by contributing waste, marine pollution from domestic sewage, water shortages, and land degradation. The paper explores the different steps being taken to rectify the problem, such as UNEP's Mediterranean Action Plan.

From the Paper
"Hotels, resorts, restaurants and other public facilities also may intoxicate the water and the living organisms by discharging untreated sewage to the sea. According to European Environment Agency, "about 60% of urban waste disposed in the Mediterranean Sea is still untreated." This toxic waste not only contaminates the water and deteriorates the organisms' habitat but also dropping the water quality that perhaps would be unsafe to swim or surf in, in the future if no such adequate actions are taken."

Tags:European, Environment, Agency, biodiversity, fuel, oil, pollution, United, Nations, Environment, Programme

From the Paper
"The current difficulty confronting the Egyptian economy is the pressure on its resources, owing to one of the world's highest ratios of population to habitable and cultivable land, and its struggle to achieve a market-based economy. In order to combat this problem, since the 1991 Gulf War between the multinational forces and Iraq, Egypt has normalized its relations with international monetary organizations and, in response to their stipulations, has begun to implement a far-reaching program of public enterprises and the liberalization of trade (Egypt, 1993, p. 996).

Egypt's foreign debt, however, remains a heavy burden on the economy. Economic plan targets, announced May 1992, included an average GDP growth of 5.1 percent between 1993-1994 and 1996-1997; and the creation of 2.5 million jobs between those same ..."

Abstract
This paper contends that the price of fuel affects every citizen in one way or another, thus, it can have profound consequences on not only the United States, but the global economy as a whole. The paper claims that there is virtually no industry or business that is not affected by the rising oil prices, from consumer goods to tourism to transportation. The paper explains that higher gas prices mean more expensive goods which in turn means consumers will buy less and moreover, they will travel less, thus affecting tourism, such as hotels and restaurants.

From the Paper
"On April 28, 2005, President George W. Bush expressed concern about the economy due to higher energy prices, and stressed the need to take measure to boost oil output and lower prices (Bush pp). In a primetime press conference, Bush said the small business owners and families are paying higher prices at the gas pump, and that higher gas prices is like a tax and "I do think it's affected the economy" (Bush pp). His comments followed a report that same day from the Commerce Department that stated that the United States "economy grew at an annualized 3.1 percent in the first quarter in terms of real gross domestic product, decelerating from the previous quarter's 3.8 percent and marking the lowest growth in eight quarters" (Bush pp). "

Tags:gas, energy, oil

Abstract
The paper explores the economic transformation of Dubai, Qatar, Kuwait and Israel. The paper shows how these leading examples are creating a new, major and positive economic influence, within the new order of the Middle East, that will influence the global economy. The paper reveals that the most challenging part of change needed to support the continued growth of the Middle East lies on the political front.

Outline:
Introduction and Overview
Oil Based Economies
Saudi Arabia's Rise
The Dubai Model
The Qatar Model
The Israeli Model
Competitive Edge
Tourism Strategy
Banking Development
Communication and Technological Developments
Media and Press
Critique of the Region
Conclusions

From the Paper
"The Middle East attained its world economic importance due to the vast reserves of oil and natural gas in the region. The economies of most these countries were enhanced, either directly or indirectly, by the economic foundation of the vast oil resources in the region. However, with the passage of time and particularly since the late 1960s, the region has established its own peculiar identity in the global economy."
"The transformation of a region known for it natural resources and credited with providing energy for much of the world, has seen the emergence of an economic complex not totally dependent on oil. Saudi Arabia serves as good example of this economic diversification. While Saudi Arabia is well-known as the world's largest exporters of crude oil, however"...hydrocarbons are not the only significant part of the kingdom's fast expanding diversifying economy in which the non-oil industrial sector grew by an estimated 10 per cent in 2006." ( Saudi non-oil exports build new economy)."

Tags:tourism, banking, communication, technology, Saudi, Arabia, Dubai, Kuwait, Israel, Qatar

Abstract
The paper reveals that all signs point to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as one of the major tourist destinations in the years to come. The paper identifies the characteristics of the market and what can be reasonably expected from a venture capital investment in the hotel and hospitality industry in the UAE today. The paper then provides an overview of the international hotel and hospitality industry and the travel and tourism industry that accounts for the lion's share of its revenues and assesses initiatives underway in the region that are reflective of current trends in the region. The paper includes a color map of the United Arab Emirates as an appendix to the paper.

Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Some of the fastest growing travel and tourism destinations that have emerged in recent years are the Middle East in general and Abu Dhabi, capital of the United Arab Emirates, in particular. Despite the potential of external threats in the region, the hotel and hospitality industry has enjoyed a booming business as hoteliers, restaurateurs and others seek to capitalize on this growing industry in an increasingly affluent region of the world. While there are a number of constraints to doing business in the United Arab Emirates, all signs point to continued growth and many international chains have already heavily invested in Abu Dhabi in an attempt to gain market share while the getting is good."

Tags:capital, investment, accommodation, airlines, tourists, oil, revenues

Abstract
It has been suggested that, at least since the mid-1990s, there should be a bridge or tunnel connecting Siberia and North America, across the Bering Strait. From the Russian point of view, it would make the vast nation a trans-shipment point for the majority of the world's most valuable commodities as well as producer of some, including gas, oil, timber, diamonds, gold and fish. Secondly, it has been suggested that such a project would open tourism on both sides. This paper shows that problems that face any initiation of such a project range from the political to the geological. The result is, however, that these problems must be identified and dealt with before it would be feasible to even construct an economically advantageous scenario incorporating the eventual value of trade across such a structure and the cost to build and-perhaps even more cogently, considering climatic factors-maintain it. The factors contributive to a major feasibility study are identified and assessed.

Table of Contents
Chapter I: Introduction and Statement of the Problem
Chapter II: Review of the Literature: Research Questions
Socio-political Factors
Russia's Value to World Markets
Siberia: Still Out in the Cold
Resources to Exploit
Tourism
Timber
Oil
Gold
Diamonds
Fish
Chapter III: Methodology
Chapter IV: Findings
Geology
Cost projection
Chapter V: Discussion
References
Appendices

From the Paper
"In the years since the early post-Soviet era, Russia and the United States have been faced with choices new to their relationship. Russia grappled with deciding how close an alignment it wanted with the West. The United States needed to decide how strongly it should assert its power (Legvold, 2002, p. 21+). At least in the case of the United States, that choice was made clear by the Afghan and Iran wars. In addition, that choice has arguably altered the possibilities for Russia. Russia would have had to cut loose of its traditional fears. But "In contrast, if the United States makes a particular strategic choice, the effect on those relations could be major and negative, and the potential for a truly beneficial U.S.-Russian alliance may be lost" (Legvold, 2002, p. 21+). In the aftermath of the Iran war, in particular, it is hard to imagine that the promise of full cooperation has not been damaged severely, another factor which would put serious constraints on an accommodation on both sides that would allow a project as extensive as a Bering Strait connector infrastructure."

Tags:Putin, Cold, War, Soviet

Abstract
This paper shows how humankind's interaction with the environment in the late 20th century and early 21st century, particularly the diminution of natural resources such as fossil fuels, is causing problems that will perhaps lead to a localized global culture in the future. The paper begins by defining key terms such as 'environment' and by giving a brief background to bring issues into the postmodern perspective. The paper delineates the impact on the environment of oil, gas, coal and freshwater shortages; deforestation; air pollution; DDT; Teflon; population growth; and mass consumerism (particularly tourism and technology) as a product of globalization. The paper also supports the ideas presented in environment-conflict theory, arguing that unless speedy efforts are made to find new energy sources and reduce current energy consumption it is possible that the world may revert to a factional global society similar to that of over two centuries ago.

From the Paper
"The movement towards a more localized organization of societies around the world is being pushed environmentally not only by the depletion of fossil fuels but by the pollution of the environment as a result of consumption in the globalized world. DDT (a pesticide) and other 'Persistent Organic Pollutants' (POPs) pose both risks to human health and possible long-term effects on the local environment. DDT has a half life of between 2-15 years and is immobile in most soils and can persist for weeks in rivers and lakes."

Tags:air, coal, consumerism, ddt, deforestation, ecotourism, kyoto, malthusian, pollution, protocol, teflon