Abstract
This paper examines the topic of ocean tides, the periodic rise and fall of the ocean waters due to the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun on the surface of the earth. It looks at what causes tides, what are high and low tides, the different types of tides, the phenomenon of tidal currents and waves, the effect of tides on the coastlines and on fishing and how tides can be harnessed for energy. It also discusses other areas in which knowledge of tidal data can prove useful.

Outline
What Causes Tides?
High and Low Tides
Lunar and Solar Tides
Tidal Period
Spring and Neap Tides
Diurnal, Semi-Diurnal and Mixed Tides
Effect of Tides on Coastlines
Effect of Tides on Fishing
Tides in Gulf of Mexico and the Texas Gulf Coast Regions
Tidal Energy
Other Applications

From the Paper
"The gravitational force of the earth at its surface acts in an inward direction towards its center. This force keeps the ocean (and other) waters confined to the surface. At the same time, the gravitational force of the moon and the sun exert an outward pull on the surface of the earth. Since the earth solid surface is a rigid body, it remains relatively unaffected by this "pull." However, the ocean waters, being liquid and less rigid, are physically pulled outwards towards the moon and the sun by their gravitational force. This outward pull is not uniform over the earth's surface since the gravitational force of the moon (or the sun) acts on the side of the earth facing it. Hence "high tide" is produced in the ocean waters by the "heaping" action resulting from the horizontal flow of water towards regions of the earth facing the moon or the sun."

Tags:coastline, energy, water, solar, lunar

Abstract
The paper explains that like in Shakespeare's plays, Conroy also provides a clear setting for each type of scene. Like in Shakespeare's comedies, "Prince of Tides" also makes it very easy to discern exactly where each scene is taking place. The paper examines the main character of the novel, Tom Wingo, and discusses how each scene is represented by a mood and specific setting - , the low-country in the south represents honesty and understanding whereas New York City represents dangerous denial and calamity.

From the Paper
"William Shakespeare's comedies often differentiate between the staid, political atmosphere of the court and the city, and the raucous carnival atmosphere of the forest and the countryside. Often, characters will escape the court to the forest to explore their inner depths and their passions. The result is a dichotomy that permeates several of his plays: even from close textual analysis of one passage in a Shakespeare comedy, the reader is able to discern whether the scene takes place in the court or in the forest."

Tags:wingo, scene, setting, character, novel, play

Abstract
This paper studies the novel "Prince of Tides" by Pat Conroy. The author of this paper looks at how one communicates about shame, particularly over childhood abuse. The paper examines the responses of each of the book's main characters to shame and tries to understand how it affects their psyche.

From the Paper
"Clearly, shame can make a person feel awkward, powerless, and painfully alien. Furthermore, it can make a person feel trapped and exposed in vulnerability, terrified, undefended, and profoundly unlovable. Finally, it can make a person feel singled out as the object of scorn or laughter. Yet, even within shames rage and blame, the emotion remains powerless to reform and serves only to overwhelm its victim with a disordered sense of responsibility makes the victim feel bad about himself."

Tags:novel, south, shame, abuse, childhood, physical, talk, communicate, therapy

Abstract
This paper presents facts about global warming and the effect it has, and will have, on the oceans and the delicate marine life and habitat. The discussion involves the melting of polar caps and the effects resulting from such devastation. The paper examines how warmer temperatures will destroy marine life and concentrates on the delicate coral reef system which is already feeling the effects of the warmer ocean temperatures. The temperature rise and ocean rise are discussed, along with ideas on halting the progression of dangerous toxins contributing to higher climate temperatures.

From the Paper
"As the coral reefs die, so do many other species of fish, crab and several other species. Large increases in the volumes of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are already apparent. At current rates of change, carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere will double by the end of the next century (2100 AD). Calculations indicate that this rate of change in carbon dioxide alone will may result in a warming of between 1.5 and 4.5?C. The most likely effect of sustained global warming will be a melting of the polar ice caps, and a rise in sea level, while on land the deserts will expand."

Tags:Antarctic, Manhattan, Project, Greenhouse, Effect

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the problem of ocean pollution, and how it is affecting marine life. It also looks at what is being done to control pollution in the United States and around the world. The paper shows that, as the world become more industrialized, the pollution in the ocean is becoming more of a problem.

From the Paper
"There are numerous pollutants contaminating the world's oceans they have been building up for hundreds of years, and they are both man-made and natural, although man-made pollutants are much more common than natural pollutants. Over 900,000 gallons of oil spills into the oceans every year, either from leaking tankers, oil spills, or leaks from oil dredging machinery. "In 1997, the 22 oil spills reported worldwide involved a total of 15 million gallons (57 million liters) of oil" ("Water Pollution")."

Tags:oil, tanker, industrialization, spill, marine, fishing

Abstract
The paper looks at the points in the globe that are most surrounded by water and land. The paper compares the land and water areas in the northern and southern hemisphere and discusses flying and sailing between the two most distant points. The paper discusses convergent plate boundaries and the correlation between ocean depths and plate tectonic processes. The paper examines major ocean surface current patterns, swells, breaking surf, tsunamis and tides. The paper also looks at depositional coasts versus erosional coasts.

Outline:
Identifying the Current Location
The Point Most Surrounded by Water
The Point Most Surrounded by Land
Comparison Between the Land and Water Areas in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere
Flying Between the Two Most Distant Points
Sailing Between the Two Most Distant Points
Convergent Plate Boundaries
The Correlation Between Ocean Depths and Plate Tectonic Processes
Major Ocean Surface Current Patterns
Swells, Breaking surf, Tsunami
How do Tides in a Bay Depend on its Location in the Ocean?
Depositional Coasts versus Erosional Coasts
Marine Organisms in Pelagic and Benthic zones

From the Paper
"New York belongs to the state bearing the same name and is situated on the north-eastern coast of the U.S.A, at the point where the Hudson River flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The city's geographical coordinates are latitude 40047'N and longitude 73058' W. The city is renown for its cultural aura, but also for its financial, business, and trading organizations which play a major role to the national and world economy (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City)."

Tags:plate, tectonics, surface, currents, tsunamis, waves

Abstract
This paper examines how the moons and rings of Uranus would affect designing a calendar based on the viewing of it. The paper also discusses why there are no tides in small bodies of water and what causes tides in the ocean.

From the Paper
"Based on the visibility of Uranus from Earth, given the fact that it is the furthest planet from the Sun and that it has nine rings which have been shown to be capable of substantially attenuating the starlight of stars as the planet passes in front of them, visibility of the planet may not always be possible or reliable enough on which to base a calendar. (Beatty O'Leary and Chaikin) The rings may..."

Tags:tides, Uranus moons and rings, calendar, ocean

Abstract
The paper considers the concerns dams present to the environment and discusses how in the United States, state and federal agencies are able to place conditions on dam licenses, including protections for the environment and other interests. The paper looks at how technology is improving the mechanics of providing hydropower and describes the risks in the event of a dam failure. The paper also relates how canals and rivers can be adapted to create electricity, and how countries with ocean coastlines may be able to harness power from the tides. The paper notes the advantages of hydropower over oil or coal and asserts that it can become a viable alternate energy source.

From the Paper
"Water, like wind, has been used throughout history. The ancient Greeks used it to power gristmills for grinding wheat into flour. Flowing water creates energy that can be captured and turned into electricity. This is called hydroelectric power, or hydropower. Nigel Hawkes tells us worldwide, hydropower plants produce about twenty-four percent of the world's electricity and supply more than one billion people with power. The world's hydropower plants output a combined total of 675,000 megawatts, the energy equivalent of 3.6 billion barrels of oil. Hydroelectric power can be a cleaner alternate energy source as oil supplies become costly and scarce."

Tags:water, wind, electricity, energy, oil, dams, tides, reservoirs

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the difficulties in developing and implementing large-scale energy products that harness the energy fond in the currents and waves of oceans and rivers. The writer notes that harnessing the power of the waves, currents, and tides in the waters of our Earth holds enormous potential for alternative energy. However, the writer maintains that the industry needs more time and capital, and less jurisdictional interference, to become commercially viable.

From the Paper
"This article discusses the difficulties in developing and implementing large-scale energy products that harness the energy fond in the currents and waves of oceans and rivers. Like most such projects they require a great deal of investment with a long period of payback. The author is making the point that the regulatory environment must change in order to attract the capital required to make such projects a reality. The author points out several areas of difficulty for these projects. One there are many jurisdictional difficulties ..."

Tags:alternative, energy, wave, tide, ocean, river, current, science

Abstract
This paper discusses how the success of the allies in World War II hinged on the defeat of its two greatest opposing forces. The key to success relied upon debilitating and disabling the German army and the Japanese army. The paper shows how the weakening of the German army at the Battle of Kursk and the weakening of the Japanese army at the Battle of Midway were two of the key battles responsible for turning the tides to the Allied forces' favor in World War II. The similarities and differences of these two decisive battles are the focus of the research.

From the Paper
"It can be said that just because one loses the battle, it doesn't mean that they have lost the war. In most cases this is true. However, one battle can mean a such defeat for one side that it changes the entire course of the rest of the war. This was the case in the Battle of Midway. The Battle of Midway took place from June 4-7, 1942. Prior to the Battle of Midway, Japanese forces were on the offensive capturing and securing massive territories throughout the Pacific Rim and Asia (NHC, 2002). Midway Island lies in the middle of the Pacific Ocean half way between the United States and Japan. It is a key refueling and strategic supply point for long runs across the Pacific Ocean. Control of Midway Island was a key factor to the offensive position of the Japanese. It was also important defensively as a key to preventing the Japanese invasion of Hawaii."

Tags:japan, german, army, weapon, military, battle, pacific, ocean, fleet, intelligence, Operation, Citadel, Prochorovka, hitler, nazi