Abstract The paper shows how Marcel Duchamp paved the way for the acceptance of Andy Warhol's work by redefining what was considered art. The paper describes how Duchamp took several everyday objects and combined them in an unexpected way, while Andy Warhol's work transformed ordinary objects into art. The paper points out the similarities and differences between the two artists' style of art.
Outline:
From Readymades to Soup Cans
Defining the Pop Art Movement
From the Paper "Andy Warhol's work transforms ordinary objects into art that summarizes the industrialization that permeated his society. Perhaps the most poignant proclamation by Warhol was his painting of 50 soup cans. This symbolized the uniformity and confines of modern society. Each of the cans was an individual in its own right, but in mass, the individuality disappeared. Duchamp paved the way for the acceptance of Warhol's work by redefining what was considered art .
"Duchamp's 'Readymades' radically changed ideas about what art is and what art is not. Duchamp used ordinary, mass produced objects placed in gallery spaces. One of the most controversial examples of this type of redefinition of a common object was his rendition of a urinal, which he creatively redubbed "The Fountain." . Transforming ordinary objects into an art form exemplifies a key similarity between Warhol and Duchamp."
Abstract This paper discusses how art is deeply integrated in the object-based paradigm of narrative. It specifically focuses on how through ancient objects found during excavation expeditions, it has become possible to create a visual narrative, particularly of ancient history. The paper concludes that art, culture, narrative and history are inextricably intertwined and that the art critic and historian should both understand the importance not only of science and excavation, but also of recognizing the dynamic nature of history seen through art.
From the Paper "Digitization offers the artist the opportunity to combine art and narrative in a variety of new and creative ways, making art, like history, a dynamic process by means of its audience and its requirements. Art can now be posted on the Internet and emailed to friends. Text and music files can be added to the visual arts. A large amount of followers can discuss the work in real time via their Internet connections. These elements are indicative of the fact that art has become much more accessible to the general public than the case had been before. In this way, artists connect directly with their audience, and feedback helps them to develop and grow in their social and political comment. It is these type of artists that will leave behind the works to indicate to future generations how this generation lived."
Abstract The writer of this paper details the artistic and cultural significance of an Iroquois ritual object; a turtle rattle, ca 1890, which was found in North America. This paper contains a detailed description of the object, a large turtle rattle which is composed of the complete shell and skin of a snapping- turtle, 12-14 inches long, with head and neck stretched and held by stick splints to form a handle. The writer describes how this and other similar objects were used in Native Americans ceremonies and healing rituals. This paper delves into the significance of this and other artistic objects that were intrinsic to the native way of life. These objects were created in prehistoric times for utilitarian purposes.
Table of Contents:
Brief Description
Description
Research
Bibliography
From the Paper "The turtle rattle was also a musical instrument in ceremonial use. One of its most important functions was its significance in the False Face ceremonies. One of the most distinguishing features of the Iroquois belief system is the reliance on the mask for religious and ritual purposes. These masks are often designated as False Faces. This term refers to the first False Face and the mythical origins of protective and healing spirits. They are used in introductory and agricultural rituals. The turtle rattles play a significant part in these important rituals. The turtle rattle is therefore integrated with the overall understanding of the origin myths of the Iroquois Indians. The turtle rattle is also seen as a powerful object in its own right and not just a decorative or musical piece."
Abstract This paper explains non-objectiveart and then compares and contrasts how Kazimir Malevich and Piet Mondrian expressed their perceptions of the intimate connection between the spiritual and the non-objective through their writings and their paintings. The author concludes that Malevich tended to link non-objective artwork explicitly with western, organized religion; while Mondrian favored a more diffuse type of spiritualism reminiscent of eastern religions.
Outline
Introduction
Part I: Malevich's "take" on the Relationship between the Spiritual and the Non-Objective Part II: Mondrian's "take" on the Relationship between the Spiritual and the Non-Objective
From the Paper "Ultimately, what Malevich was really after - certainly in his "Suprematist" work - was to strive after something more ethereal and to leave the "earth" behind. Suffice it to say, this striving after the metaphysical, along with the perception that non-objective art could uncover a new kind of logic, hearkens back to spirituality in the sense that religion also demands that people disassociate themselves from the flesh, live for the world beyond this one, and put their trust not in humanism or in common logic but in a faith or "beyond reason-ness" that relies on intuition more so than anything else."
Abstract This art study examines the American paintings and sculpture exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum of Arts in New York City. The writer notes that the exhibit is formulated around a three-fold objective: portraits, landscapes and sculpture for early American history. The writer maintains that by examining one piece from each of these sections of the exhibit, there can be a diversified analysis of how the pieces are placed into the overall framework of the museum. The writer concludes that these American art exhibits represent a historical view of early American history and stylistics.
From the Paper "The historical perspective of this painting is recreated in a fictional pose for Washington and his solders as they cross the Delaware to surprise their British and Hessian enemy. This was an important point during the revolutionary war in which Washington gained a growing national and international support for the cause for independence. This aspect of the exhibition directly relates to the patriotic symbolism of the gallery, as it is representative of a collection that define American historical context. The painting is 149 x 255 inches and is placed within one of the large gallery rooms. The need for this is accentuated not only in its size, but for the centrality of its importance for the historical forum that the Metropolitan Museum of art is presenting. This painting is properly placed in the overall architecture of the northeastern part of the Met, since it allows a wide range of visibility and composure for the viewers to understand the crucial place this painting holds in American art history."
Abstract This paper explains that goals and two intermediate objectives of Aggression Replace Training (ART), which "operationalizes" cognitive behavioral theory. The author outlines the essential procedures of the training program for ART. The paper designates several process measurements.
From the Paper "The high incidence of violence especially among youth in American society is of great concern to citizens, lawmakers and law-enforcement agencies. The costs of the problems are staggering."
Abstract This paper discusses how the Art Nouveau Movement played a large role in transforming how normative geometric designs were used in creating glass making at the beginning of the 20th century. The organic and natural design schematics of Art Nouveau made it possible to bring curvature and fauna-based forms into vases and other liquid holding objects. It further discusses how the highly styled kind of Steuben Glass may be debatable as to innovation, but certainly the examples shown here offer an exterior design appropriation that allowed greater freedoms and creativity in glass making techniques.
From the Paper "This art study will examine some examples of the Art Nouveau design used by Steuben Glass at the turn of the 19th century. By analyzing some of the various vases and other colored glasses used by this company, one can realize the historicity of the art in relation to the Art Nouveau Movement and its main thematic tenants. By observing various examples that were created by the Steuben Glass company, one can realize the detailed aspects of Art Nouveau that define the art trends of the late 19th century."
This essay discusses the novel 'The Painted Bird' by Jerzy Kosinski along with some common criteria for evaluating works of art and determining their cultural value.
1,745 words (approx. 7 pages), 0 sources, 2002, $ 56.95
Abstract The author of this paper defends this novel by Jerzy Kosinski , so often attacked and ridiculed by critics, and hails it as a classic work of art of supreme historical value.
From the Paper Before beginning, however, a few comments on this controversial novel are important leading into the discussion. First of all, it is impossible to read The Painted Bird without feeling strong emotions and asking difficult questions: Could such a story really be true? If it is true, how can people treat other humans in this way? Are there still people in the world like this, seemingly without traditional values or morality? In a similar cultural setting, would I act in the same way? The characters in The Painted Bird demonstrate the most incredible forms of inhumanity and amorality imaginable and the story of the boy's experiences are at times beyond belief. Second, this book has been called everything from a classic of literature (for its portrayal of the horrors of war from the eyes of an innocent child) to an outrageous fabrication (written by a pathological liar and apologist for the Nazis).
Abstract The writer of this paper centers on the fields of Far East and Near East art also known as Orientalist art. This paper presents figures and facts pertaining to the genre of Orientalist art from the auction houses of Christie' and Sotheby's as well as others. This well-researched paper discusses the general status of the art industry, while also delving into current trends. This paper examines how the 9/11 terror attacks caused sales and prices in the art industry to drastically fall around the world. This paper discusses the published reports that claim that even prior to 9/11 the art market was showing signs of slowing down. This paper contains published statistics and data pertinent to the art market in general while also presenting 6 illustrated charts and graphs relevant to this particular topic.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
General Art Market Analysis
Orientalist Art Market Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "Luckily, the art market was able to rebound quite quickly, despite challenges in other sectors. "After the tragedy of September 11th, the art market has consistently trumped the performance of sluggish equities markets" ("Art investment", 2003). For this reason, the art market, in general, has seen a resurgence, despite the downturn attributed to September 11th. However, not all is smooth sailing for the industry. This was evidenced just prior to perhaps one of the largest events in the art market history was the sale of artwork collected by the late Malcolm Forbes. Forbes was an obsessive collector. From Faberge eggs to Orientalist paintings, Forbes collection grew for more than three decades. 361 pieces of art, from this lifetime of collecting went under the hammer at Christie's in London, in 2003."
Abstract This paper discusses how the human body has always been a constant subject in art and in particular western art from the ancient times. This essay examines the various ways in which the body was represented in art from ancient to modern times. Many great pieces of art have had the nude as their theme, or at least contained nudes. The nude is often the subject of art but can also be considered an art form. The paper also looks at the nude as a subject of art and how notions of gender differences, desire and identity reflected on the female nudity in art.
Abstract This paper analyzes Martin Heidegger's definition of art. The author claims that the origin of art is created from some form of activity on the part of the artist, whether it be creating a painting, song, sculpture or poetry. This paper focuses on Van Gogh's painting "A Pair of Shoes" and describes Heidegger's view of this particular work of art as well as his perception of the artist. The writer of this paper questions whether the artist creates the art or if art in fact creates the artist. This paper also discusses the significance of technology and nature in any work of art while describing Heidegger's definition of the 'thing' needed when creating art.
From the Paper "After mentioning the artist, Heidegger begins to question what the artist is. We must question then if the work is what makes the artist, or is it the artist that makes the work. He tells us that the artist is the source of the work, and the work is the source of the artist. Both the work and the artist depend on each other, and one of them cannot exist without the other. Both the artist and work are related to a thing that comes before each, and that is what Heidegger calls art. If artist and work are both dependent on each other to be the source of the other, so do to both depend on art as their source. Heidegger asks if art can be a source of a work of an artist. Heidegger then claims that art is nothing more than a collective noun that signifies nothing now."
Tags:art, book, literature, van, gogh, painting, poetry, technology, review, perception
Abstract This essay gives the historical and social background of modern art, explains the general ways that modernist work can be seen as uniquely different from art that came before, and looks at two specific examples of modern art's radically different approach. It clearly defines modern art and explains the foundations and philosophy behind art of the past hundred and fifty years.
From the Paper "When defining and discussing modern art, it is first important to clarify exactly what the term means. Modern art refers primarily to painting, sculpture, and architecture created since the blossoming of technology and modern society. In broader historical thinking, the word modern refers to that time after the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery, however, the modern art movement is generally agreed to have been between the 1860s and 1970s. Like many discussions about art history, these dates are subjective. Painting, sculpture, and architecture from this period of history are called "modern" or ?modernist.? For many art historians, modern art began with the work of Edward Manet. Manet was one of the first impressionists and modern artists, those who reacted to the very formal and rigid style of painting done inside studios and set by traditional institutions in the nineteenth century. Modernism ended with the start of what many refer to as "post-modernism" in the 1960s and 1970s. This essay will give the historical and social background of modern art, explain the general ways that modernist work can be seen as uniquely different from art that came before, and look at two specific examples of modern art's radically different approach to painting. When compared to Renaissance and other western "traditional art" up to the late nineteenth century, it will be seen that modernism was a totally new paradigm for art."
Abstract This paper explains that Barbara Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls have taken traditional methods of art application and placed them within the normative modes of advertising methods. The author points out that inter-disciplinary arts, which are more than just an art technique, has become a public forum for feminist issues. The paper relates that, by opening the doors to the way that art is perceived, both Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls have taken art out of the traditional confines of museums and art houses and into modern media formats.
From the Paper "This art analysis presents an inter-disciplinary study of the art and advertising methods of Barbara Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls. By taking various examples of advertising billboards, magazine ads and other forms of art used within the modern media, an inter-disciplinary mode of art is created through the work of these artists. Through the study of the work of both Barbara Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls, one can realize the feminism and cultural impact of mixed mediums within modern inter-disciplinary art."
Abstract The paper examines the reasons Ortega y Gasset provides to explain his belief that traditional art is true art and modern art is just a work of art. The paper argues against Ortega y Gasset's assertions with the belief that his opinions do not take into account the natural progression of the art form.
From the Paper "Jose Ortega y Gasset describes what he observes as the "emergence of a new artistic sensibility"(87) in his 1925 essay, "The Dehumanization of Art." His observations in light of "avant-garde" literature, art and theater are compared to his subjective thoughts on the traditional forms of art in poetry, theater and visual art. He argues that traditional art is the "true art" form; whereas, modern art is just art for the sake of art. I disagree with Ortega y Gasset's argument because it is now 2006 and his opinions, although respected, do not take into account the natural progression of the art form."
Abstract This paper investigates the activities of various groups that bring crafts, writing, drama, dance, fine arts, and music to prisons. One of the groups mentioned is "The Prison Creative Arts Project" from the University of Michigan, which holds exhibitions for prisoners? art, which they even sell. Another is the "Geese Theatre Company", a team of specialized theater practitioners, taking drama to prisons and probation services centers. The National Endowment for the Arts? program for juvenile offenders is also brought up. The paper explains how these programs constitute ?art-therapy? and how they benefit prisoners, both in prison and once they are released. It also looks at the school arena, recommending programs like these for the prevention of juvenile offences. The paper includes a glance at the costs of these programs and at the opinions of opponents to the programs.
From the Paper "Other people have had that question too, and it seems they have done something about it. They organize different groups, and take the arts"crafts, writing, drama, dance, fine arts, and music"to the prisons, hoping to make some sort of difference in the prisoners? lives. One of these groups, the Prison Creative Arts Project, from the University of Michigan, does just that. They hold exhibitions for prisoners? art, which they even sell. The prisoners just love this, because it is a chance to "prove" themselves, and to let people actually see who they are."
