Abstract
The literature of AIDS in Nepal tells of an epidemic ignored till 2 million or so cases were threatened, the public and government content to blame AIDS on sex workers, male migrant workers; Indian or Western tourists. Paper condemns government, and NGO responses that did not collaborate with the state towards a public health and education campaign, in cost-benefit terms. The war did not 'cause' a predictable epidemic in Nepal.

From the Paper
The AIDs Epidemic in Nepal - Blaming the Victim. Introduction Nepal now has the second highest HIV-AIDS rate in South Asia, second to the Republic of India's 5 million cases, in a regional total of HIV-positive persons said to be 7 million. (Singh, Mills et al 0705) A distinct feature of materials addressing Nepal's AIDS epidemic is a tendency to blame susceptible persons, in an almost moralizing tone that can extends too to the post-1996 Maoist insurgency in Nepal, discussed as a mystery or an instance of misbehaviour whose origins are unexplained. No mention is made of the Kingdom of Nepal's failure to provide formal or

Tags:nepal, aids, public health

Abstract
This paper discusses the culture of Nepal by tying in the religion, history, celebrations and health beliefs of the culture with its diet and foodstuffs. Challenges for Nepalese in the U.S. and a personal view of the culture are also provided.

From the Paper
"In the Nepalese monarchy dissolved the century-old system of rule by hereditary premiers and replaced it with a cabinet system of government until reforms in established a multiparty democracy within the framework of a constitutional monarchy. Until November, when the government and Maoists signed the Comprehensive Peace Accord, a decade-long insurgency witnessed bloodshed and violence in the battle for power among the royal family and the Maoist rebels. The history of this culture is one of diverse groups of nomads refugees and conquerors who..."

Tags:Hinduism, Buddhists, Nepal, cows, monarchy, parliament, nomads, India, civil war, poverty, vegetarians

Abstract
This paper discusses how one of the most fascinating cultures to be found in the entire annals of anthropology is that of the mountain villages of Nepal. It examines the various issues of this culture and setting in comparison and contrast to those of other parts of the world. The paper concludes that cultures of all levels of development can peacefully coexist and contribute to one another, if only we will allow it to happen.

Outline:
Abstract
Who are the People of the Mountains of Nepal?
Ethnography
An Overview of Familial Structures and Bonds
Status Symbols in the Mountains of Nepal
Gender Roles
Restrictions to Sexual Access
Marriage in Nepalese Culture
Mating Patterns in Culture
Proliferation of the Members of a Culture
Other Factors that Stifle Cultural Development
Procreation in Nepal's Mountain Villages
Modern Threats to Nepalese Culture
Summary

From the Paper
"In order to be able to fully discuss and understand the many aspects of the social, economic and familial customs of the mountain dwellers of Nepal, it is extremely useful to first consider a demographic profile of the Nepalese people. Nepal is a relatively small nation, located in Asia with such huge and powerful neighbors as China. While Nepal is influenced somewhat by the influence of other cultures and its geographic neighbors, in many respects, the mountain villages of Nepal have remained the same as they were thousands of years ago. Many of the agricultural techniques and tools that are used today have not changed to any degree since the Stone Age. These simple people have been able to remain loyal to their roots and traditions and still survive despite many of the changes in other parts of the world."

Tags:anthropology, lifestyle, tradition

Abstract
This paper discusses how Nepal has long suffered various civil and human rights concerns yet, in contrast to many other third world countries, its abuses and violations have managed to avoid widespread notice because comparatively speaking, they have not been as bad as other regions of the globe. The paper further discusses how this perspective changed dramatically following public dissension and demonstrations in Nepal calling for the King to retire and revert back to democratic rule (Nepal). While the immediate civil discord and battles between the public and the government forces first captured the attention of the broader international public, Nepal has been suffering quietly for many years under various human and civil rights abuses.

Tags:human, civil, rights

Abstract
This paper looks into the culture and societies of the country of Nepal. It analyzes the country's cultural and social environment, attempting to lead to an understanding of its basic characteristics, such as geography, demographics and the socio-economic and political structures that it is comprised of. The paper focuses briefly on communication in Nepal and the Nepali language.

From the Paper
"However, within the Nepalese culture, some groups are also trying to dismantle the discrimination that is the caste system. In a recent study by Liechty (2005), the majority middle class individuals in Nepalese society are gradually trying to re-identify themselves based on their role and productivity in the society, rather than being identified as a member of a particular class or caste. This protest supports the notion of low power distance, in which the only superiority-inferiority dichotomy exists between individuals who provide/produce or do not provide/produce significantly for the society. Thus, one's worth is assessed based on his/her use to the society, not on the tradition of the caste system (i.e., those who were born Brahmin should remain Brahmin despite his/her insignificant contribution to the improvement of Nepalese society)."

Tags:language, caste, constitutional, monarchy

Abstract
This paper will discuss the country of Nepal and seek the basis statistics: population density, literacy, infant mortality, and rate of contraceptive use. By revealing the numbers involved on this country, a better understanding can be made for how it functions within the world scheme. By retrieving statistical information such as literacy and population growth, the hard facts can be found to make a supposition on Nepal and create a sounder way to evaluate countries through facts. .

Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the marriage patterns and ceremonies among four very different societies the Yanomamo of South America, the San people of the Kalahari, the Sherpas of Nepal and the residents of the sidewalks of New York City. It examines the traditions of each society in turn from how the strictures prohibit marriage among parallel cousins because Yanomami descent is traced patrilineally to polygamy amongst the Sherpas. It show how in an age where globalization is suspect, the similarity in rules governing who to marry, the role of women in the rituals of dating and marriage and the "ownership" of women by their husband's family all show how few concepts in the world remain as truly global as patriarchy.

From the Paper
"Like the Yanomamos, the Sherpas of Nepal have exogamic restrictions governing marriage. Ethnographer Sherry Ortner identifies 18 distinct clans among the Sherpas. Clan identity is inherited from the father and there are strict rules against marrying within the same clan. Unlike the small communal society of the Yanomamo, the Sherpas are divided into different castes. Traditional marriages arranged by parents are still the norm. However, Sherpa life moved away from agriculture as "most Himalayan expeditions throughout the twentieth century have relied on people called Sherpas for general portering, skilled high-altitude portering, and all-around expedition support" (Ortner). The consent of marriage partners became more important and there are also increasing instances of Sherpas marrying Nepalis from outside the Sherpa community."

Tags:polygamy, globalization, women, clan

Abstract
The paper discusses how trafficking is a global concern that violates the very fundamentals of human rights. The paper examines the elements in the act of human trafficking, and then looks at Nepal as one of the many developing countries that thrive on the practice of human trafficking as a means of individual income. The paper also looks at Nigeria, where because of women's low social status in society, they are the main victims of human trafficking. Finally, the paper explains why the country of Israel is considered an ideal destination for many human trafficking activities.

From the Paper
"In 1865 the United States abolished slavery by passing the thirteenth Amendment. However, equality amongst all men and women were not fully recognized until the 1900s. Now in the 21st century, another crisis in the form of modern day slavery is negatively impacting the international community - human trafficking. Women, men, and children of all race and nationality are affected by this current devastation. No countries are immune for victims of human trafficking, as it affects developing and industrialized countries alike. Therefore human trafficking is a global concern that violates the very fundamentals of human rights. One particular right that this practice violates is Article 4 in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Article 4 proclaims that ''No one shall beheld in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms'' (25+ Human Rights Documents 5)."

Tags:human, rights, exploitation, abuse, victims

Abstract
The paper relates that religious life in Nepal is a rather complex one; a Hindu royal family traditionally rules the country, and the monarch is considered to be an avatar of Vishnu. However, the paper notes that Buddhism came to Nepal in early days of Buddhism as can be expected considering the geographic proximity of this country to northern India where Buddhism originated. The paper relates that first accepted by Newars, who are "as close to an indigenous population" as we will probably ever find in the scarcely understood history and legend of Nepal (Crossette 128), Buddhism became a part of lives of many other minorities and ethnical groups of the country, among them the Sherpa. This paper looks at the role of exorcism in Sherpas Buddhist tradition.

From the Paper
"Religious life in Nepal is a rather complex one. A Hindu royal family traditionally rules the country, and the monarch is considered to be an avatar of Vishnu. However, Buddhism came to Nepal in early days of Buddhism as can be expected considering the geographic proximity of this country to northern India where Buddhism originated. First accepted by Newars, who are "as close to an indigenous population" as we will probably ever find in the scarcely understood history and legend of Nepal (Crossette 128), Buddhism became a part of lives of many other minorities and ethnical groups of the country, among them the Sherpa. This paper will..."

Tags:buddhism, nepal, exorcism

Abstract
This paper begins with a general discussion of the history of Buddhism in and then goes on to discuss the specific history of Tantric Buddhism. The paper briefly discusses the life of Buddha and how, after his death, several different sects within Buddhism arose, including Tantric Buddhism. The paper explains that Tantric (esoteric) Buddhism arose in the seventh and eighth centuries in India and the Himalayas and still survives today, in the twentieth century, as a living tradition of the Buddhism found in Nepal and Tibet. The paper also discusses early Tantric scriptures, Tantric practices and beliefs and its spread to other countries. In addition, the paper examines Western acceptance of Tantric Buddhism and the modern expression of this ancient religion and philosophy.

From the Paper
"The historical Buddha spoke a language of Sanskrit, the classical language of ancient India, although it is not clear which specific dialect he spoke. Sanskrit was a formal literary language used almost exclusively by the elite of society. There is an extensive record of the Buddha's teaching that survives today; it is written in an ancient Indian dialect known as Pali. This record forms the scriptural basis for one of two forms of contemporary Buddhism, the Theravada; this is practiced in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia."

Tags:buddha, india, lived, taught, eastern, cultures, southeast, asia, lubini, nepal, gotam, siddharta