Abstract
This paper explains that both Ou-yang Hsiu and Shao Yung saw the real ideal of Confucianism as legitimating creativity. The author points out that they also believed that people had to see themselves as connected and responding to the world.

Abstract
This paper will show, Confucianism - and particularly Neo-Confucianism - had significant influences upon the political and social fabric of Korea. While these influences sometimes possessed positive political and social results - for example, with the rejuvenation of Korean political culture - they also had negative consequences as well in the political and religious persecutions and controversies that accompanied this effort of national rejuvenation.

Abstract
The paper discusses how Zhu Xi (or Chu Hsi) became one of the preeminent figures in the history of Chinese philosophy as a consequence of his synthesis of Confucian concepts within the Neo-Confucianism of 12th century China. The paper explains how the concept of li played a critical role in this enterprise, for it was with Zhu Xi that the Li Hsueh or School of Li (also known as the Ch'eng-Chu School) found its most powerful advocate.

From the Paper
"Zhu Xi (or Chu Hsi) became one of the preeminent figures in the history of Chinese philosophy as a consequence of his synthesis of Confucian concepts within the Neo-Confucianism of 12th century China. The concept of li played a critical role in this enterprise, for it was with Zhu Xi that the Li hsueh or School of Li (also known as the Ch'eng-Chu School) found its most powerful advocate. As this essay will argue, to understand the importance of the concept of li in Zhu Xi's philosophy, we must situate it within the broader concerns of the Neo-Confucianist in order to understand the deeper significance of..."

Tags:li, philosophy, confucian

Abstract
This essay will examine the political involvement of Buddhism in the period of the Ming dynasty. It will be seen that this political involvement must be considered in terms of the conflict between Buddhism and Neo-Confucianism for dominance in the political life of China. In the time of the Ming Dynasty Buddhism was declining in influence among the Chinese elite and governing class. However, during this era of increasingly autocratic and chaotic political life, Buddhism became increasingly popular among the local and regional gentry class who began to disengage from the official administrative structures of Chinese political life. It will be argued that the Buddhist concept of "withdrawal" had clear political ramifications in this context, and was understood as such by the Neo-Confucian elite at the time, leading to increased criticism and suppression of a belief system that was increasingly at odds with the Neo-Confucian ideology of the Chinese state.

Abstract
This paper discusses "Fragrance Fills the Yard" as an important example of Song artist's preference for casual engagement, in contrast with his time's strong intellectual and official debates rooted in formal Buddhism and neo-Confucianism. The author points out that Su Shi (1037-1101) gets across the idea not only of 'all that' going on but also of the individual's better option being one of Living as a human being. for The paper examines this poem in contrast with Buddhist detachment and neo-Confucian preoccupation with order.

From the Paper
"Su Shi (1037-1101) was a scholar-official and also, a writer and artist, who became critical of the political reforms of Wang An-shi, and like many such critics, was sent off to a number of provincial postings. His early career as an official had been quite promising but for most of his years, he was rather banished to places where his views might have no influence. He often wrote under a pen name of Su Dong-po."

Tags:sushi, owenvolume, fragrance

Abstract
This essay outlines the contemporary status of Korean women. It commences with a notation of their ancient influence, and its disappearance form the Yi to the nineteenth century under the weight of neo-Confucianism. It then assesses their improving status in the twentieth century and the significant inequalities that remain. The status of women and gender relations in North Korea is also considered.

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that Ko Misook's book (2005), A Philosopher's Journey Into Rehe is about a peculiar intellectual who created friendships outside the Neo-Confucianism norms. The intellectual, Yeoman (Yoman) believed that friendship was one of the most important concepts available to man. He even put friendship above marriage, and defied the King with his writings about his friends and their endeavors. His purpose and goal in life was to garner friendships, but only with those who he deemed worthy.

Tags:yeoman, friendship

Abstract
This paper reviews the contribution of Zhu Xi to neo-Confucianism as recurring Chinese response to periods of upset or confusion. The paper discusses his texts for distribution, ideas of 'li' in relation to 'xi' as these justified a superior examination system, learned and moral officials, and all other ideals that had to do with Ancient ideals. The paper further discusses both a religious and cultural impact on the role of the scholar.

From the Paper
"Zhu Xi (1130-1200) and his Influence in the Song Dynasty. Introduction Zhu Xi's commentaries on the works of Confucius and Mencius are said to have shaped China's religious and other thought, through the next several centuries. (Ching 2000) Zhi Xi and his followers gave much time to explaining the eternal forces of li, as the principle of spirit or energy and xi, of the physical world, that influenced one another. He restored Confucian ideas of a proper social order to be gone about in different ways. One sees that his neo-Confucianism was consistent with what he saw as so important in cosmology. "

Tags:zhuxi, songdynasty, influence

Abstract
The paper examines the philosopher Zhu Xi's concept of Li, as is central to his synthesis (1130-1200 AD).
The paper firstly explains the meaning of "li" and then continues to discuss how Zhu Xi became an important neo-Confucian reformer whose ideas have lasting importance. A full explanation is given regarding this concept and in relation to the influence of the neo-Confucian movement that spread to Korea and beyond. There is some comparison to Platonism, and a more in-depth discussion of the significance of Zhu Xi's contribution to everyday Chinese thought that is separate from Buddhism and Daoism, and tends to be assumed to be of the neo-Confucian movement.

From the Paper
"Zhu Xi was a neo-Confucian philosopher to emphasize the principle, or li, as a fundamental reality. He had elaborated the teachings of Cheng Yi that principle is a unity, and became known as the founder of a Cheng-Zhu school or "School of Principle" (li-xue) Zhu Xi's commentaries on Confucius's Annalects, the Book of Mencius, on the Great Learning, and the Doctrine of the Mean, involved remarks on the Four Books as a collection that offered all the individual needed to understand, and he was also noted for his interpretations of the works of other philosophers in Zhou Dun-yi (1017-1073).."

Tags:zhuxi, li, neo, confucianism

Abstract
This paper examines how, although Korean women have significantly more rights than they did in earlier history, including partaking in the government, Confucian tradition remains strong, especially in South Korea. It looks at how, when it comes to lack of freedom, the women of the Choson Dynasty from 1392 to 1910 had few parallels in the world. It explores how, for centuries, they were forced to follow a thoroughly restricted life as dictated by stringent Neo-Confucian moral standards.

From the Paper
"Prior to the introduction of the Choson Dynasty, a wedding was held in the bride's home. The new couple lived in her house to the birth of the first child and then moved to the groom's. This was usually about a year after the marriage. During the early Choson period, however, the bride and groom had their wedding at the husband's house, where the couple immediately established a permanent residence. Because this was such a major change from the previous cultural norm, a compromise was instead found between the old ways and those of Confucius: The wedding was held at the bride's home, but the groom only remained at the bride's home for one night. The pair then moved permanently to husband's house."

Tags:confucianism, tradition, koryo, buddhism