Abstract
This paper discusses Nehru's view of the contradictions that contributed to the rise of nationalism in India, as well as his impression of the rural kisans during his forays into their society.

From the Paper
"Jawaharlal Nehru was a member of one of India's most anglicized clans, so even after India became independent from England, Nehru saw India's continued membership in the British commonwealth as a happy ending to the struggle between Indian nationalism and the British empire. Nationalism was viewed as a response to British imperialism with or without the formal colonial rule that India had experienced under that system. Nehru, with a socialistic perspective, was critical of Western political democracy because of the contradictions..."

Tags:Nehru, nationalism, Marxism, kisan, contradictions

Abstract
This paper examines the activities of India's Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru in establishing India's economy, politics and development following the independence from British rule. Nehru's involvement transformed India into a civilized and powerful republic. The author describes Nehru's concept of Indianness in which he wanted to avoid a copy of European nationalism. The paper relates that, although Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru were bound together through their common quest for the truth, Gandhi was an eccentric, living in poverty and promoting non-violence and religion, while Nehru was more of a noble and a socialist person. The author contrasts their beliefs.

From the Paper
"An issue posed by the unification of India had been the Indian multiculturalism and the lack of cooperation between these specific cultural entities. Therefore, English appeared to be the only language through which the South and the North were able to communicate. This is why there was a need for a national point of reference. Thus, the Indian concept of an identity was a state and an organization that could implement a legal identity. Nehru's opinion was that the country's history could not be cleaned and invoked an acceptation of its past and its advantages, encouraging modernism and the need of unity.

Tags:independence, indianness, multiculturalism, regional, gandhi

Abstract
This paper examines the legacies of Jawaharlal Nehru and Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who were once rulers of India and Pakistan, respectively. The paper explains that the independence of India and Pakistan from British rule constitutes of significant historical importance that may not have happened without the influence of Nehru and Jinnah. The paper discusses the life of each leader, and how events developed throughout the most influential phases of their rule. For example, the paper notes that Jinnah left Pakistan with a realistic perspective of what leadership and government should be in the modern world, and that all people, no matter race, religion, or ethnicity should be equally protected and represented. The paper concludes that an examination of the lives of Jawaharlal Nehru and Muhammad Ali Jinnah reveals the significance of how each leader's philosophy and performance greatly impacted the country and continue to influence both nations today.

From the Paper
"Muhammad Ali Jinnah was born in a predominantly Muslim area in the city of Karachi, and would become the first leader of Pakistan when it was created in 1947. Jinnah was educated in Karachi as he attended a Muslim managed school, and then later furthered his education and studied law in England. According to Stephen Hay, "Jinnah's legal studies in London developed his keen mind" (Hay, 222). After his admission to the bar in 1896, Jinnah served briefly as a magistrate in Bombay and then went on to practice law. Jinnah's first encounter with political matters began in 1906 when he "acted as the personal secretary to the Congress president for that year" (Hay, 223). In his early political years, Jinnah supported the Indian National Congress and the Hindu-Muslim unity, but soon enough it was his difference of opinion with Congress party leaders such as Gandhi that led him to no longer support Hindu-Muslim unity. Furthermore, continuing in his political interest, Jinnah later became a member of the Muslim League in 1913 to protest against the Hindu majority. Following his membership in the league in 1913, Jinnah moved on to become president of the league in 1916. Jinnah's rise to power in the Muslim League was crucial to the eventual partition of India in 1947."

Tags:India, Pakistan

Abstract
The paper analyzes Nehru's philosophy, his performance as a revolutionary and as a government leader and his impact on the Indian state. The paper shows how he was well prepared to meet the challenges posed by the newly independent nation. The paper also discusses his missteps, such as the insistence on a centrally planned economy and strained relations with Pakistan, China and America, but concludes that Nehru helped to create a legacy of democracy and social reform that is apparent in India to this day.

Outline:
Introduction
Philosophy
Performance
Impact
Conclusion

From the Paper
"When Jawaharlal Nehru came to power as prime minister of the newly independent India in 1947, he inherited not only a country in flux, but a world undergoing great turmoil and change. After nearly 30 years of working alongside the iconic Mohandas Gandhi to procure independence from the British, Nehru was tasked with building a government, trying to preserve national unity and reconstructing a tattered Indian economy. All around him, the post-World War II world was changing and the Cold War heating up, with world super powers competing for the fragile new government's allegiance."

Tags:performance, philosophy, impact, foreign, policy, independence

From the Paper
"In thinking about the modern history of India, two names stand out, that of Gandhi and that of Nehru. Most people focus on Mahatma Gandhi, while Indira Gandhi created considerable controversy during her time in political power. Jawaharlal Nehru is the bridging figure between these two and an important influence on India in his own right.

Background on Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru spanned the decades during which India sought its independence and gained freedom after World War II. Born in 1889, Nehru actually died in office in May of 1964. He was the predominant political figure in India during the period between..."

Tags:INDIA

Abstract
Hinduism is a very peaceful, reflective and meditative form of religious belief. This paper provides an overview of Hinduism. It includes information about this religion's history, beliefs, traditions and festivals.

From the Paper
"It interesting to note that although there are Hindu temples, the worship of the Hindu religion is basically an individual one. Many Hindu homes have icons or statues and shrines at which the devout repeat the name of their favorite deity and offer a prayer. The truly devout Hindus worship three times a day. There are a number of explanations of the very word "Hindu." It does not represent a deity. It may be from the Arabic name for India, "Hindustan", or it could be that the origins came from an area near the Indus River."

Tags:Jawaharlal, Nehru, India, caste, system, Buddhism

Abstract
This paper determines what influences the policy orientation of both China and India and how it might influence the future foreign policy of these two countries. The paper examines how although China may have risen as the second largest economy and the world while India is becoming a regional hegemon, both countries have a shared history of being an economic basket case which has influenced each country's current foreign policy orientation. The paper concludes that China, with its current effort to convert its economic might into political muscle without doubt will become a viable great power someday. It also contends that India, with its consensual polity may just become a great democracy that can rival or better than that of the United States.

Outline:
Introduction
Foreign Policy Criteria
Concept of Power
The Power of Economics
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Knowing the power of economics, these two countries achieved their economic rise when they reoriented their foreign policy to stress on economic pragmatism. Economics drives everything and is critical in determining a country's strength. China's treatment of its new economic might is to convert it into a political muscle through its military build-up (Zhou, 2008, 176) which its growing economy is able to afford. At present, China is developing its first aircraft carrier to augment the weakness of its navy. This military initiative of China is worth noting because the build-up of an aircraft carrier has political implications. Aside from beefing up the capacity of its navy, an aircraft carrier is also a potent political tool in projecting a country's power beyond its border by enabling it to deploy troops anywhere in the world. "

Tags:economy, bankruptcy, Jawarhalal, Nehru, Deng, Xiaoping