Abstract This paper examines and describes the focus of National Socialism on anti-Semitism and the Nazis' hatred of the Jews. It addresses how the Nazis tried to prove that anti-Semitism responded to Germany's problems, how the Nazis justified the persecution of the Jews, and what Hitler's personal role was in all of this?
From the Paper "Anti-Semitism is probably one of the most infamous platforms of Hitler and his Nazis, and the Holocaust was its horrific instrument of destruction. While anti-Semitism was not the only plank in Hitler's Nazi platform, it was an important part of his theology, and appealed to the German people for a variety of reasons. Many authors are not surprised so many Germans found this view "admirable," as they were searching for a way to blame someone else for their failures, and Hitler's ideas were the perfect solution to their search. After the First World War, Germany was a defeated and depressed nation."
Tags: holocaust, nazi, platform, hatred, first, world, war, scapegoat, race, theory
Abstract The defeat of Germany in the First World War came as a tremendous shock to Adolf Hitler and the German people, and is the primary reason why the Nazi Party was able to rise to power. Ever since the founding of the German Empire and Bismarck's victories over Denmark, Austria, and France on the nineteenth-century, the German public had placed supreme confidence in the German Army and its generals. Defeat on the battlefield was unimaginable, so when the armistice ending World War I was signed on November 11, 1918, millions of Germans believed that only treachery and betrayal could have caused such a catastrophe. This paper explains the reason behind the success of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party. The paper asserts that when the Nazi Party was founded in 1920 it took advantage of the belief that the German Army had been betrayed and portrayed itself as the only party that could bring Germany back to a position of superiority.
Abstract In this paper, the theme of self versus other through national identity is important through the Nazi example due to the horrific genocide that was aimed toward the Jewish peoples. History has developed along these lines in understanding the dangers of fascism or dictators that pose as socialist or democratic institutions. This paper shows that by understanding the dangers of governments that govern with extreme reactionary differentiation toward minorities, one can realize the scope of the Nazi Party and its evolution over the 20s, 30s, and onward into the genocide of the 40s.
From the Paper "The aim of this study is to present an argument for the development of Nazi nationalism that developed over a time line of the late 1920s and into the 30s. The development of psychological propaganda was critical in how the Nazi Party developed from a Socialist platform in regards to the evolution of a nation state in the 20s. In this manner, the theme of self versus others becomes the dictates of a national identity through race and economic political objectives in the 1930s. By understanding the basis of self (the national identity) and the others (Jews and other foreigners), the theme of identity through Nazi nationalism becomes the basis for realizing the evolution of the Nazi Socialist Party into a fascist regime into the Second world War of the 1940s."
A look at how the American Civil Rights Movement and the Nazi regime in Germany that led to the Second World War stand as examples of how social and political perspectives interact with each other.
Abstract The paper relates that the actions of the Nazi regime regime both internally and externally were justified by legal and political rule that gave justification to social segregation, war and even in principle, the holocaust. The paper then points out that, similarly, the Civil Rights Movement highlighted that despite social enlightenment regarding the equality of races, there has been little effect on the political and social representation of minorities in the U.S. The paper concludes that Martin Luther King's statement reminding that the legality of Hitler's actions in the war reflects how the law can be used to the disadvantage of society. This reflects that social conditions influence politics and legislation just as much as they affect society and the need for these various social institutions to check and balance each other.
Outline:
Introduction
Impact to society
Legal foundations as justification
Implications to the civil rights movement
Contemporary legal and political systems
Conclusion
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From the Paper "According to Stychin and Mulcahy (2007), the establishment of legislation, aside from creating legitimacy for an action, also protects the action from legal consequences even if they interfere with civil or natural rights. In contemporary legal and judicial systems, there is an assumption of the law to take precedence. The only avenue in such settings otherwise is through the order of appeals or higher courts. Thus, the provision or availability of legal justification also implies the political support or justification of the action. At the same time, as illustrated in King's illustration of the right of African Americans to civil liberties, there is an assumption that the public can hold its political institutions accountable. "architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir" (King, 1963b)
This has significant implications to socio-political systems. Pattison and Evans (2006, p. 712) point out that public policies such as laws, "fundamentally change the relationships between citizens and their careers and among careers and the law and the state". This also implies that the law, which is separate from the system itself since it is defined by legislature, is the overriding component in the system (Unger, 1977). Thus, the law may not reflect what is just or equitable but more evidently political perspective of the state. This then requires active action to change and implement legislation through reform or social movements."
Tags:Nazi, Martin, Luther, King, Hitler, political, civil, rights, social
Abstract The paper examines Margaret Atwood's groundbreaking 1985 satire, "The Handmaid's Tale" that contends that considerable forces have levied their authority in order to detain, and in some ways reverse, the progress of the female gender and the dismantling of obsolete gender roles. The paper attempts to show how Atwood's novel is a social critique which remains current and disturbingly connected to the past. The paper also highlights the pressing concern that the persistence of inequality and oppression of individualism may ultimately lead to internal societal destruction as occurred in Nazi Germany.
From the Paper "The feminist era, which began in earnest at the tail end of the protest age, entered American society into a period of mounting awareness of the imbalances which had inherently persisted in the home, in the workplace and in the images presented by the media. Gradual shifts began to take place, both in the way that women communicated for the first time as a collective their individual hopes and dreams and in the way that women fought for access to the same social opportunities which awaited American men. These changes, still quite certainly observable today by the presence of women at every level of government, professional occupation and social strata, have been nonetheless diminished by what we may suggest through the lens of Margaret Atwood's groundbreaking 1985 satire, The Handmaid's Tale."
Tags: Holocaust, Nazis, Jews, women, gender, inequality, government
Abstract This paper discusses the psychological techniques that Hitler and the Nazis used during the 1930s to assume control in Germany and maintain order until their defeat in 1945. The paper breaks down several sociological and psychological concepts such as obedience, conformity, the power of iconic symbols, national pride, and the authority of a centralized ideal over the individual. The paper demonstrates that the Nazis were adept at creating an environment in which the wounded German psyche, crippled from harsh treatment from the Versailles Treaty and foreign oppression, was able to restore its strength under the symbol of the swastika. While many Germans understood that the Nazis were perhaps corrupt and performing cruel actions against their fellow man, particular psychological elements that the Nazis installed upon their rise to power in the 1930s prohibited any individual from opposing their rule. The last part of the paper discusses how many Germans felt that following the Nazis was a way for them to restore the pride they had lost, and Hitler capitalized on this feeling with great effectiveness. There is also a brief description of the tactics that Goebbels used in using his Propaganda Ministry to keep the German masses completely under the heel of Nazi brutality.
From the Paper "The inclination of human beings within any society to design and accommodate a government that protects their rights as citizens normally is considered top priority for any culture or ethnic group. Throughout history, societies have been influenced by many sociological factors that dictate what system of government they install, or in some cases, governments that are installed for the public by an authoritarian ruler. Nowhere in the annals of human existence can this forced subjugation of the masses be seen more clearly then in Nazi Germany, beginning in 1933 and ending after the Allied victory at Berlin in 1945. This particular case is peculiar however, for not only were the majority of citizens in Germany at the time willing to comply with Hitler's tyrannical government, but many individuals actively participated in the horror that was the Nazi regime. The question behind the German populace's compliance has been explained from the political and economic perspectives countless times, but the most interesting aspect of Adolf Hitler's Third Reich is from a sociological point of view."
Tags: adolf, authority, germany, goebbels, hitler, ii, impact, obedience, propaganda, psychological, war, world
Abstract This paper examines the history of the Nazi Party, its goals, what brought people into the Nazi Party, contemporary opinions about the Nazis, what could have been done to prevent the Nazis from taking power, and concludes with an analysis of the weakness of neo-Nazi parties today.
Abstract This essay examines the success of Nazi propaganda and argues that this shocking reality can be explained by four factors that came together to make a deadly poisonous brew. First, the writer notes that the fact that the Germans were so defeated in every sense in the 1930s laid the foundation. Secondly, the writer points out that there was the modern technology for mass communication which the Nazis used to spread their propaganda. Third, there was the Nazi's unusually skillful use of this technology. Finally, the writer notes that there was the German peoples' philosophy or psyche, which made them vulnerable to the Nazis. The writer concludes that these four factors combined to make it possible for the Nazi party's propaganda machine to win over the Germans.
From the Paper "The first thing to consider is the state of Germany at the time of the Nazi ascent, in the early 1930s. Germany had been the aggressor in the First World War, and after its defeat the victorious nations had punished it, and also attempted to subdue it, by bringing it to its knees militarily and financially. The harshly punitive terms of the Treaty of Versailles made German economic recovery impossible, and sowed the seeds of anger and resentment that would make the Germans a vulnerable target for Nazi propaganda. The economic woes of the Weimar republic were compounded by the effects of the Great Depression. This began in 1929 and affected many European nations, resulting in the rise of several totalitarian movements. Of these, the Nazi party had the easiest task in winning over converts, due to the vulnerability of the Germans. With their backs up against the wall, unable to make a living, many Germans were easy targets for a charismatic leader who promised to save them from their overwhelming woes."
Abstract The paper examines the meaning of nationalism in the context of Joseph Goebbels' Nazi propaganda pamphlets. The paper claims it is evident that the form of nationalism he was promoting was a synthesis of nationalism and anti-Semitism. The paper explains that this was not a Nazi invention, for nationalist sentiments and attitudes in Europe had been conditioned for centuries by anti-Semitism. Hitler, Goebbels, and the Nazis simply synthesized endemic European anti-Semitism and combined it with their ideology of a pure Aryan master race in order to unify the German people behind the Nazi Party.
Abstract The women of Nazi Germany played an important role in the assimilation of fascist ideology. This paper discusses how, while the world outside of Germany perceives the Third Reich in a negative way, Jill Stephenson provides insight on the female role in Nazi Germany in her book "Women in Nazi Germany". It looks at how the book details the inner workings of family life, the benefits of assimilating to Hitler's laws and the role of leadership that women played during Hitler's reign. It also examines how the book demonstrates the power of propaganda, and also depicts a gender defined society that was not perceived as a disparity, but rather empowered men and women to perform their roles for the preservation of national socialism and the Nazi regime.
From the Paper "The Third Reich championed the traits of the female, noting that the woman was the primary caretaker of children and the holder of developing a strong Nazi population (Stephenson 6). Nazi Germany touted procreation in order to fill up the ranks of the German military and to provide new generations to learn in Hitler-based schooling systems. There was no limitation to birthing, and any form of birth control was illegal. The leaders of Nazi Germany wanted to ensure healthy Aryan children were integrated and educated properly. Unhealthy children were admonished and not considered an integral unit in Nazi society. "
Abstract The paper discusses what the philosophical, racial, political, and economic goals of German doctors and lawyers who were ardent supporters of the Nazi regime had in common with the Nazis, and how the Nazis used these two groups to coordinate their policies in the respective areas. The paper provides evidence to support the answers asserted in this work, which concerns eugenics and the philosophy of racial superiority.
Outline:
Nazi Doctor Supporters
The Legal Profession in Hitler's Germany
Conclusion
From the Paper "Many of these children taken from their homes and to various institutions and prisons were murdered. The Nazi's were "expert at the creation of power groups that robbed their opposition of public voice or power. A small tightly knit group of university medical scientists and psychiatrists, who planned and administered the euthanasia killings, dominated university departments, wrote and reviewed articles for one another's journal and never bothered to consult their colleagues." (Sogow, nd) However, there were less than 200 doctors acting as willing participants in medical crimes although hundreds were away of what was occurring in Germany."
Abstract This paper reviews Christopher R. Browning's "Ordinary Men," and its analysis of Nazi soldiers that murdered innocent civilians in the holocaust. The paper shows the methods used by the soldiers to rationalize their actions even though many of them were morally opposed to what they were ordered to do.
From the paper:
"It is understandably commonplace to refer to Hitler as a monster, as inhuman. It is also, by extension, equally commonplace to refer to the Nazis who obeyed him as monsters as well. Yet before the implementation of the madness that was the "Final Solution" in Germany and Eastern Europe, these Nazi soldiers were human beings like ourselves, individuals who lived in a world only a half-century or so before ours. They made ethical decisions on a day-to-day basis. They were ordinary men, according to Christopher R. Browning, who committed acts of extraordinary cruelty. The thesis of his book, appropriately titled 'Ordinary Men,' provides a less comforting view of the foot soldiers of the Holocaust than is tempting to take. But it is ultimately more ethically illuminating?these men were not monsters, Browning suggests, they were ordinary men who provide an example for us all how low we can sink if we are not vigilant in resisting the evil that exists around us."
Abstract This paper looks at Nazi Germany's attempts at the economic recovery of the nation. Hitler's priorities concerning the economic recovery of Germany, programs initiated by Nazi Germany to stimulate the economy, and the principles of Hitler's four-year plan are discussed in this paper.
From the Paper "In the early 1930?s, Germany was plagued by unemployment and stagnant growth despite efforts by the administration to alleviate the country's economic difficulties. The economic liberalization of the banking system was one of few cautionary steps taken by administrations prior to Hitler to boost Germany's failing industries. This all changed following the Nazi rise to power; two notable banking acts passed in 1934 and 1936 effectively converted the banking system into Hitler's personal lender, allowing him to replace commercial borrowing with the various savings institutes that would allow him to re-build the German army. In this period, wages were frozen and the armaments business boomed, while individuals suffered as wages were frozen at their pre-Hitler-era rate. Meanwhile, the government was able to continue to borrow money from Germany's savings banks to contribute to the building of the military."
Abstract This paper describes Nazi Germany's prejudice towards the Roma people, or Gypsies, pointing out that this prejudice has historical roots throughout Europe, and describes Nazi Germany's systematic attempt to exterminate the Gypsy race. The paper also examines how the persecution of the Roma during Nazi Germany's reign has been marginalized in history and how this is yet another form of marginalization that negatively affects the Roma people.
From the Paper "When most people think of the atrocities of World War II they conceptualize the ethnic cleansing of the Jews from Nazi controlled Europe. Yet, within the context of ethnic cleansing there are also other cultures that were persecuted and killed by the Nazi regime. According to the American Heritage Dictionary the definition of Holocaust is: ?The genocide of European Jews and others by the Nazis during World War II.? Yet, it is left to the individual with continued ability and interest to find out just who the "others" were. ?Soviet prisoners of war, homosexuals, foreign forced and slave laborers, Poles, Jehovah's Witnesses, Roma (Gypsies), and people in conquered lands. ? Also in this group are those unclassified individuals such as, the poor, beggars, criminals and simply the unemployed, who are given no voice or recognition in history."
Abstract This paper is about the Weimar Republic of Germany, Nazism, oppression, censorship, and the arts. It looks at pro-Nazi artists, anti-Nazi artists, and artwork that was banned during the Nazi regime of Germany. Specific works are highlighted to demonstrate what censorship meant during the Weimar Republic of Germany and how it was handled.
From the Paper "When talking about people's response to what was happening in the changing society of Germany, one can't ignore the fact that people supported Hitler and the Third Reich. Just as some artists rebelled against the artistic norm and became part of the Dada movement, some went on to support Hitler and presented Germany with works of art that idolized the utopian society and everything that Hitler had fought for. Propaganda in Nazi Germany was running out of control. Propaganda is the art of persuasion. In order to be popular, governmentally in this case, a crowd is needed to be won over."
Tags: communism, hitler, painting, republic, war, weimar
