Abstract
This paper examines how narrative inquiry, or the analysis of various aspects of a story, is used is in a number of academic fields. The paper focuses on the use of narrative inquiry primarily in educational research. The paper is essentially a literature review, citing the works of various scholars and their opinions and application of this approach. Each researcher selected offers an analysis on an element of narrative inquiry. These viewpoints are presented in a chart format as well as in the text. The paper concludes by stating that the narrative form of research is a methodology that examines experiential data produced through the narrative and reporting of participants. Additionally, it is a method that is considered most appropriate in attempting to understand phenomenon on a social level in the research study initiative.

Outline:

Overview of Narrative Inquiry
History of Narrative Inquiry
Narrative Inquiry as a Research Method
Dewey on Narrative Inquiry
Reflection and Deliberation
Process of Narrative Inquiry
Writing the Narrative Inquiry Report
Summary

From the Paper
"Clandinin and Connelly state that they further have noticed "that when experience moves in from the contextual shadows and becomes more central to theorizing and to altering practice, it often comes under a kind of suspicious criticism. From the point of view of inquiry, it may bee seen as a term that violates many researchers' notions of academic appropriateness." (Clandinin and Connelly, 2000, p.4) Clandinin and Connelly state that one "ideological objection is essentially sociological and critical in origin and roughly speaking comes from the view that social organization and structure rather than people and experience are the appropriate starting points for educational inquiry." (Clandinin and Connelly, 2000, p.4) Also argued is that "experience is too comprehensive, too wholistic and therefore an insufficiently analytic term to permit useful inquiry." (Clandinin and Connelly, p.4)
"Clandinin and Connelly address the issue of 'Time' and states that time "like experience and the ether of yesteryear, is everywhere about us, yet for the most part remains invisible to an inquiring mind." (p.7) The reason that this form of educational inquiry failed is attributed by Clandinin and Connelly to be due to the "reductionism imposed by the technical rational logic of the time-on-task literature." (p.7) Clandinin and Connelly state that the relationship of past and future "may be more or less passive or..."

Tags:narrative analysis, methodology, story analysis

Abstract
Olaudah Equiano's book The Interesting Narrative of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, The African, Written by Himself is an extraordinary book. Published in 1789, it is the autobiographical narrative of a man kidnapped into the hell of slavery from his home village in Benin, Africa. Equiano recalls how he was taken to England, where he was educated and converted to Christianity. Thereafter, he tells of his adventures as a slave in the West Indies.

From the Paper
Comparison of Two Articles on The Interesting Narrative of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, The African, Written by Himself Olaudah Equiano's book The Interesting Narrative of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, The African, Written by Himself is an extraordinary book. Published in 1789, it is the autobiographical narrative of a man kidnapped into the hell of slavery from his home village in Benin, Africa. Equiano recalls how he was taken to England, where he was educated and converted to Christianity. Thereafter, he tells of his adventures as a slave in the West Indies. The majority of the book deals with his life and adventures as a free man, culminating in his life as a free man in England. This

Tags:slavery, narrative, equiano

Abstract
This paper presents a review of the film "Casablanca" with an emphasis on the narrative. It explains that the use of restricted narrative keeps the viewers attention by helping identify with each character's point of view and therefore the crucial story line is unraveled. The paper outlines the entire plot of the film highlighting how one minor narrative remains unresolved.

From the Paper
''The filmmakers of Casablanca constructed a plot in which story information is revealed to us simultaneously as it is revealed to the characters involved; the exception to this pervading theme are the experiences of Richard Blaine and Ilsa Lund prior to the beginning of the plot, but occurred earlier in the story. The use of restricted narrative in this film keeps our attention by helping us to identify with each character's point of view - we learn about crucial story information as the characters unravel it for us. The filmmakers also manipulate the temporal relationship of story events in order to create mystery surrounding the relationship between certain characters in the film. Non-diegetic plot information given at the beginning of the film sets the stage for the movie, and creates the desperate and dire atmosphere of Casablanca.''

Tags:narrative analysis, plot lines

Abstract
This paper examines the use of the literary device, framed narrative, in Nabokov's "Lolita." First, the paper defines the term framed narrative. It then suggests that this device was used in "Lolita" because of the novel's controversial content. Finally, the author suggests that Nabokov may have used framed narrative to protect himself, and possibly his position as a tenured professor.

From the Paper
"As for Nabokov's note at the end, called "On a Book Entitled Lolita" (pp. 313-319), Lolita's true author ("Foreword" included), Vladimir Nabokov, comes clean immediately, in the first line of this "afterward" note to the reader, about his "impersonation of suave John Ray" (Nabokov, Lolita, p. 313). Nabokov then tells us in detail about both the genesis of, and the creative processes that went into his writing of Lolita, assuring us along the way that (1) the original idea for Lolita was a very old one, and has in fact seen several metamorphoses, on two continents, before finally emerging into the public eye, as the book it is today; (2) his urge to write it was solely a literary one (and he has in fact been writing novels, in not one language but two, since 1924), and once the idea finally emerged into the raw form of a novel, he had no creative choice but (like an itch that simply must be scratched) to finish it; (3) that he had initially been reticent to sign his own name to the book; (4) that he is in fact a stably married man, with hobbies, interests, and a routine kind of life ("Every summer my wife and I go butterfly hunting" (p. 314)), and that this particular work, his own artistic creation Lolita, is a work of art, not pornography (". . . in pornographic novels, action has to be limited to the copulation of cliches", p. 315)"

Tags:Lolita, Vladimir, Nabokov, literature, framed, narrative

Abstract
This paper applies narrative therapy to the counseling of two clients. The paper begins by describing the therapeutic approach of narrative therapy. Then the paper demonstrates how narrative therapy was used in the case of an 11-year old boy and a 14-year old boy.

From the Paper
"Narrative therapy is based on the fundamental belief that people can engage in a constant process of re-authoring the stories of their lives. By recognizing that their choice of appropriate language can enable them to reshape their consciousness and understand..."

Tags:narrative therapy, externalizing, co-construction, alternative stories, stories

Abstract
The paper looks at how narrative therapy focuses on the stories of people's lives as a beginning for counseling and considers the idea that problems are manufactured during the course of a life in terms of social, cultural, and environmental influences. The paper explains that narrative therapy is further based on the view that our sense of reality is organized on the basis of the stories we tell about ourselves and the world.

From the Paper
"As might be gleaned from the name, narrative therapy focuses on the stories of people's lives as a beginning for counseling and considers the idea that problems are manufactured during the course of a life in terms of social, cultural, and environmental influences. Narrative therapy is further based on the view our sense of reality is organized on the basis of the stories we tell about ourselves and the world. Narrative therapists approach the individual in terms of these stories and on the view that individuals can liberate themselves "from destructive or limiting or problem-saturated stories and so construct alternative stories that offer new options and possibilities for the future" (Goldenberg & Goldenberg,..."

Tags:narrative, therapy, approaches

Abstract
The paper examines the narrative in the book "Wuthering Heights" by Emily Bronte. The paper looks at the strengths and weaknesses of using a narrative style based on journal entries. The paper points out the ability to express ideas, but the skewed perspectives and the lack of suspense.

From the Paper
"Emily Bronte is one of the most influential writers of the Victorian period. In 1847 Emily Bronte wrote her most famous work entitled "Wuthering Heights". This story of failed romance, revenge and family politics is one of the most unusual books to come out of the Victorian period. There are many interesting elements that can be found in this book. This essay will argue that one of the most interesting aspects of this book is its narrative structure. The entire story is composed of flashbacks and journal entries. This narrative style has both strengths and weaknesses. These strengths and weaknesses will be examined in this essay."

Tags:wuthering, heights, narrative

Abstract
This paper explores and analyzes the narrative structure used by Margaret Atwood's in her novel entitled "Surfacing." According to the paper, the narrative structure is an extremely important part of achieving the author's complex objectives. Additionally, the paper describes this novel as an intricately crafted account of a complete descent into madness, and the beginning of a recovery, set over the time span of just ten days. However, the novel also references the past extensively, showing how events of the past have precipitated this mental collapse.

From the Paper
"In Margaret Atwood's novel 'Surfacing', the narrative structure is an extremely important part of achieving the author's complex objectives. This novel is an intricately crafted account of a complete descent into madness, and the beginning of a recovery, set over the time span of just ten days. However, the novel also references the past extensively, showing how events of the past have precipitated this mental collapse. As will be shown in this essay, Atwood uses the narrative structure to help her perfect her extremely successful portrayal of the character's state of..."

Tags:atwood, surfacing, narrative

Abstract
This paper is an interpretive essay presenting the concepts of narrative therapy that occur in Pulitzer Prize winning journalist Rick Bragg's book, "All Over But the Shoutin". The paper explains that the book is considered as a therapeutic narrative of autobiographical memory and looks at how the concept of "re-authoring" applies.

From the Paper
"In Narrative Therapy people re-author their lives or story by defining their own existence, thereby constructing reality by choices made to give meaning to a life. This type of therapy may be viewed as a protest against the socially imposed dominant narrative and a means of making sense of a lived experience. People can be seen as problems or as stories that allow multiple possibilities. Award winning writer Rick Bragg uses the concepts of narrative therapy in his book "All Over But the Shoutin", turning it into a therapeutic narrative...

Tags:Narrative, Therapy, Bragg, Autobiographical, Memory, Therapeutic, Re-authoring

Abstract
This paper studies the concept of suturing which is defined in many different ways such as sewing something back together, gesture or pseudo-identification, the individual watching a film as a stand-in for the camera and more. It looks at the filmmaker Ranier Werner Fassbinder's work 'Despair' as an example of a film that attempts to undercut notions of the gazer of the film becoming sutured into the web of the film and of becoming socially subjected to the predetermined constructions of reality within the film's text. Finally, it concludes that the destabilizing of a master narrative with the particularity of autobiography is better than the complicated suturing.

From the Paper
"On a very literal level, to suture something is to sew something back together, usually imperfectly, usually with a substance that is alien to the body that is being altered, such as the doctor's suturing thread that stitches together an open wound. On a semiotic level, according to Jacques-Alain Miller, Miller's definition of suture (in a nutshell) is that the suturing process in culture is the process through which a subject is joined into the signifying chain of culture, allowing a signifier to stand-in for the subject's absence in discourse. (Suture as a Laconian Concept) "

Tags:suturing, film, narrative, Ranier, Werner, Fassbinder, camera, spectator, watching