Abstract
This paper explains that, while the Narmada Dam Project represents modernity and a source of national prestige, it also poses a risk to the environment, economy and way of life for people in the region and has come under fire from environmentalists, politicians, human rights activists and local citizens. The author points out that proponents of the dam project, which has been in existence for over 20 years, claim the cost-benefit of power drawn from the dam system outweighs potential environmental and human rights issues. The paper relates that people have been displaced by this project resulting in a mass exodus within and outside the region of western India especially to Bangladesh, which has placed a burden on this country and international aid resources. This paper includes a map and two pictures of the area.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Project Details and Issues
Implications
Ecological
Human
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Barclay's (2005), a large bank in England and financier of the project, is concerned by the controversy embroiled in this this issue and is showing growing concern for their involvement when it was found that, "the dam reservoir will submerge up to 5800 hectares of forest" endangering preserved forests and peoples. The bank is concerned what kind of image this project will reflect toward theirs. There is concern for the instability of the land not only just environmentally but also geophysical. Still while the bank is concerned over the public relations issues of the project as it violates its own "green: policy, it has not pulled its funding but changed its involvement to an advisory basis."

Tags:spirituality, submerge, tourism, cost-benefit, exodus

Abstract
Throughout the 20th century, dam building to improve irrigation and produce hydroelectricity was considered a key component of development. It was undertaken universally from the United States to China and from the Arctic to the Equator. Despite decades of construction, the debate over the environmental impact and net cost-benefit of dams persists. The following discussion will focus on the Narmada Project in India. It is one of the largest hydro developments in the world. The current official plan calls for 30 major dams and 3,135 others on India's fifth largest and only westward flowing river system.

Abstract
This paper considers how a utilitarianism viewpoint might affect the Bakun Hydro-Electric Project. Also consider the project from a nonconsequentialist standpoint.

Abstract
The paper reviews the growth of civil engineering principles from the 19th century into 20th century business practices. The writer details the history of Colorado River flooding, and shows why there was a need to dam the river. The writer examines the players in the planning and bidding for the project, and explains how they successfully landed one of the largest construction contracts of the era. The paper describes the complex architectural and building challenges of the project. The writer concludes that the Hoover Dam, as an attempt by man to control the forces of nature, epitomizes the spirit of civil engineering in modern America.

From the Paper
"What makes Hoover Dam such an important milestone in dam construction and Civil Engineering's part in it? "The beginning of the Boulder Canyon project in 1930 with (now) Hoover Dam as its principal feature marked a significant advance in engineering for dams. The whole project was distinguished by extraordinary planning and achievement. The various phases of investigation, planning and design of this multiple-purpose project transcended all previous efforts." [6] The massive size and great height of Hoover Dam exceeded all past conceptions for dam design. Large-scale generation of hydroelectric power for general industrial and public use at places far removed from the project area was included as a major feature of the project plan."

Tags:arizona, colorado, river, construction

Abstract
The paper considers two environmental issues in India--the Chipko movement and the Narmada dam project--and how grassroots organizations worked together and at cross purposes with international organizations.

From the Paper
"Environmental movements have risen in popularity around the world in the last half century. Increasingly, activists in various countries are concerned about issues that have a global effect, such as global warming, yet environmentalists also focus on local events and issues. Often local and global environmental challenges overlap. Dams may be one way to address a region's power needs which in turn will stimulate the economy, but the dam may have severe ecological impacts. Forests may be important to a region's ecology..."

Tags:India, Narmada, dam, environmental movements, chipko

Abstract
The paper explores the history and the controversial environmental issues that halted the Tellico Dam project, which sparked one of the most historically famous environmental battle because of something called the snail darter. The paper discusses the Supreme Court hearing that was held regarding the snail darters found living on the site and stopped the dam from being built The paper also discusses the congressional decision to complete the dam anyway.
Includes text of Court of Appeal.

From the Paper
"The controversy occurred at the peak of the nation's dam frenzy. It was a time where many areas of America were constructing dams to improve their water resources and those of the areas near them. Many people now believe that too many dams were built, and it had more to do with keeping up with others than any real need for a dam. "

Tags:burial, tennessee, engineers, tva, endangered, species, habitat, flood, control, damage

Abstract
In the middle of January, 2005, the State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) ordered 30 large-scale projects being done for the dam to be stopped because of a lack of mandatory environmental impact assessments. This paper looks at the impact of such a stoppage and what bureaucracy and legislation lay behind this call.

From the Paper
"It is interesting how bureaucracy can occur anywhere in the world, despite wide cultural and political differences. The United States, Europe, China-it makes no difference. The Three Gorges Dam offers a prime example. Over the many years of this project, the Chinese government, displaced residents, special interest groups such as environmentalists and anthropologists, and contractors have become so mired in on-again-off-again decisions, regulations and continuous controversies that the original ideas for this massive undertaking are completely lost. It seems logical that the entire venture should be delayed and then analyzed for future goals."

Tags:environmental, protection, agency

Abstract
This paper explains that when America's leaders began to develop ideas for how best to tap into the natural resources in the vast, sprawling Western lands, they didn't shrink from thinking splendid thoughts on a grand, colossal scale, which resulted in the building of Hoover Dam. The paper details the history of how the mighty Colorado River, "America's most dangerous river," became the conduit for the annual production of 10 billion kilowatt-hours of electrical energy. The author believes that the story of how the Hoover Dam was built is a demonstration of how, today, jobs could be created, positive projects could be constructed, and the future could be made stronger and brighter.

Table of Contents
Thesis
Introduction
Background Colorado River Facts
The Early History of the River
Floods Create Havoc along the Southern Banks of the Colorado
Selecting a Site and Working out Water Rights for the Dam
Legal and Political Problems
The Hoover Dam Project Begins in Earnest
Living Conditions for the Workers
Deaths during Construction of Hoover Dam
The Specific Strategy to Tame the Colorado River
Specific Numbers and Data
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The building of the dam was not only a much-needed flood control and electrical generating endeavor but also a job-producing project in the midst of the Great Depression. There were 5,218 men working on the dam at the peak of construction, men who desperately needed work in very rough economic times. With a monthly payroll of some $750,000, that worked out to around $145 per month per man. The men ate at a mess hall that fed 1,300 workers at a time. It cost each single man $1.60 per day for food, housing, and transportation to and from the dam site. For married men, the cost for a small, unfurnished house ran between $15 and $50 a month."

Tags:depression, flood, electricity, resources, projects

Abstract
This paper examines how in 2009, a monumental undertaking that began in China in 1994 is planned for completion and how the Three Gorges Dam project on the Yangtze River is expected to be the largest hydroelectric dam in the world. It looks at the history behind the project and how the balancing act between development and economic issues on one hand, and other concerns such as the environment and antiquities and resettlement on the other, has long been a challenge for China.

From the Paper
"In 1979, economic reforms and the desire to expand industry encouraged construction to restart. The number of critics grew. Leaders from Chongqing demanded that the dam height be raised. Some environmentalists were angered that the dam would cause rather than solve more problems and were concerned about the destruction of natural land. Human rights activists refuted the resettlement plan. Archeologists objected that many historical sites would end up under water. Most notably would be sites that are remnants of the homeland of the Ba, an ancient people who settled in the region about 4,000 years ago. Further, a number of engineers began wondering if the dam would solve the necessary problems. "

Tags:l, rui, hydroelectric, chongqing

Abstract
The Three Gorges Dam project, if completed, would be the biggest construction in the history of the world. The project will be the largest hydro-power station and dam. There is a growing concern both domestically and internationally about the human rights violations associated with the displacement of people. This paper discusses why the construction of the Three Gorges Dam is a mistake and gives possible solutions in its stead.

From the Paper
"The Peoples Republic of China has undertaken the greatest project since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal. The Three Gorges Dam project, if completed would be the biggest construction in the history of the world. The project will be the largest hydro-power station and dam. The project has been controversial since it was first proposed and construction has been stopped several times. There is a growing concern both domestically and internationally about the human rights violations associated with the displacement of people. An estimated 2 million people will lose their homes, livelihoods and their land. The project will create millions of refugees, flood homes and cultural treasures and endanger human health [Marcia & Joseph 1998].
The massive Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River in China will have a 1.2-mile stretch of concrete and a 370 mile-long reservoir, which would be 525 feet deep. The project will stretch two kilometers across the Yangtze River, stand 185 meters high, and create a 600-kilometer lake behind it. Indeed it will be one of the monstrous erections in the world. This project will cost more than any other single construction project in history with an unofficial estimate as high as USD 75 billion or more. Construction of the dam began in 1994 and is scheduled to take 20 years and yet another $24 billion. Much of what the project opponents both inside China and around the forecasted in 1989 is in full view for the world to see [Marcia & Joseph 1998]."

Tags:Yangtze, River