Abstract
This paper examines the history and development of the NAACP. The author describes the transition from the organization being focused on human rights to its current focus on civil rights. The paper gives a background history of the situation of African-Americans from the days of slavery to our times. W.E.B. DeBois' role in founding the organization is highlighted.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
History of the NAACP
Key Players of the NAACP
NAACP and Communism
Human Rights
Civil Rights
Internal Atruggles of the NAACP
Moving Rowards Civil Rights
Today

From the Paper
"Since the days of slavery, African Americans have had to battle for rights that many people in the United States have been able to take for granted. The issue of slavery was put to rest many years ago, but the damage that the practice did to race relations is still a bruise on the hip of society as America works to provide true equality to those who reside in the states. If one were to trace the path of African American roots in the United States from the days of slavery until the 1960's, one would see a path filled with turmoil, angst, and hard earned victory in the area of civil rights for African Americans nationwide."

Tags:NAACP, African-Americans, civil, rights

From the Paper
"The NAACP, or National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, has been active since 1909 in its attempts to break legal ground and forge better opportunities for African Americans. The history, function, purpose, and current activities of the organization will be examined. It will be apparent that the NAACP stands as one of the progressive movement in America's major victories against legal, and thus political, oppression.

Early in 1909, some twenty persons met together in New York City for the purpose of utilizing the public interest in the Lincoln Centennial in behalf of African Americans, then known as colored people, or Negroes. Within a few weeks this number was enlarged to about fifty, one-third of whom were from other cities than New York. According to the NAACP's 1984 pamphlet ... "

Abstract
This paper provides an overview and review of a professional web site administered and sponsored by the National Organization for the Advancement of Colored People. The paper looks at the objective of the site, the source of its funding, its discussion of criminal issues, its links to other sites (if such do in fact exist) and its user friendliness. The paper ultimately concludes that, while the official web site could perhaps be bolstered by links to other organizations offering comparable or complementary services to the black community, it nonetheless is easily navigable and delivers its message effectively.

From the Paper
"The following three-page paper will briefly review the official web site of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The paper will look at the purpose/objective of the site as well as at the source of funding for the site (at least to the extent possible). The paper will likewise discuss the criminal justice issues given "play" on the web site in addition to discussing the navigability of the site. Not to be overlooked, some time will be devoted to looking at the relevant links found on the site (assuming, of course, that such links are actually present). "

Tags:web, site, review

Abstract
This paper explains that state laws called Jim Crow laws required or permitted separation of the races and denied the right to vote in spite of the Fifteenth Amendment, which was known as "disfranchisement." The author emphasizes that Lulu B. White was a female activist, an executive secretary of the Houston branch of the NAACP, and the state director of branches for the NAACP during the mid-20th century, when such activism was frequently met with white violence and retribution. The paper stresses that the life and accomplishments of Lulu B. White provide clear evidence that leaders are not born, but rather are made by the circumstances in which people find themselves.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Author's Main Thesis
Scope of the Book
Subject
Time Period
Geographical Scope
Critique of the Strengths and Weaknesses of Jim Crow and How it Affected Lula B. White
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The lingering effects of a failed Reconstruction were clearly apparent in this region of the country during this period in America's history. According to the author, "During the era of Jim Crow, in certain sections of this region, black males were expected to tip their hats in the presence of whites, even if they were walking on the opposite sides of the street. Well into the 1940s, railroad porters were required to pull down the window shades on the "colored" side of passenger cards as the train passed through Grand Saline, a community twenty miles east of Elmo, to prevent upstanding white citizens from looking at black faces." "

Tags:reconstruction, abolition, leader, law, disfranchisement

From the Paper
"Autobiographical accounts reflect a personal view of history and historical movements, with the individual showing how they sought answers to the problems of their time based on their personal experiences and background. Anne Moody presents her view of the problems of her time and shows her answers to those problems in the reform movements she joined and the efforts she made to change the situation. This both reflects general trends in her time and also contrasts with the experiences of some other reformers of the age who had their own answers to the same problems.
Moody's background leads her to the Civil Rights Movement and to such organizations as the NAACP and CORE. She grew up in the rural South as a young woman both black and poor. She experienced the racism of the time directly and (...)"

From the Paper
"Autobiographical accounts reflect a personal view of history and historical movements, with the individual showing how they sought answers to the problems of their time based on their personal experiences and background. Anne Moody presents her view of the problems of her time and shows her answers to those problems in the reform movements she joined and the efforts she made to change the situation. This both reflects general trends in her time and also contrasts with the experiences of some other reformers of the age who had their own answers to the same problems.
Moody's background leads her to the Civil Rights Movement and to such organizations as the NAACP and CORE. She grew up in the rural South as a young woman both black and poor. She experienced the racism of the time directly and intimately, and she (...)"

Abstract
This paper begins with an overview of the case of Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 and the beginning of "separate but equal" facilities. It gives the background of the NAACP and the Jim Crow laws. The circumstances leading up to Oliver Brown's attempt to enroll his daughter in an all-white school and the NAACP's involvement are presented. The paper discusses the arguments of both sides in the case and the Supreme Court's decisions. It concludes with detailing the effects this case has had on American society.

From the Paper
"Until the mid-1950's, citizens of the United States lived separated by race. Many people today (with the exception of older adults) were not alive to remember this period in time, and cannot even begin to picture living completely different lives from minorities. However, the Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education changed this standard for future generations, and was a landmark for blacks during the Civil Rights Movement. When Oliver Brown defeated the Topeka, Kansas Board of Education, the future of African-Americans took a giant step forward towards equality, and white children would no longer be raised how their parents had been in the past.
"In 1896, the Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson began a long battle about "separate but equal" facilities and accommodations. More simply put: racial segregation. The case dealt with Homer Plessy, a man who was a one-eighth black man attempting to ride in an all-white railcar in Louisiana. In short, the railroad operators demanded he ride in the car for minorities and arrested him when he refused. He fought this all the way up to the national level, which arguably began the modern Civil Rights Movement. Ferguson received seven out of the eight justice's votes, and the majority opinion written by Justice Henry Billings Brown. However the dissenting opinion written by Justice John Marshall Harlan argued that "[i]n the eye of the law, there is in this country no superior, dominant, ruling class of citizens" (Thompson).The court's decision upheld that "separate but equal" was legal as long as blacks were offered the exact same quality of services that whites were. This historical decision defined race relations for many decades to come, and began what we know as the Civil Rights Movement for African-Americans."

Tags:Civil Rights, NAACP, Jim Crow, separate but equal

Abstract
Covers legal challenges to racial iniquities, historical perspective including 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson, and NAACP actions on the legal basis to challenge segregation and doctrine of separate-but-equal.

From the Paper
"The battle to gain civil rights for all Americans regardless of their race - and later their gender - was fought on a number of different fronts and by peaceful soldiers of all colors and all ages. This paper examines the role that litigation played in ..."

Tags:naacp, african-american, studies, supreme, court

Abstract
This paper discusses the Brown vs. Board case which established equal education for all races. It looks at why segregation can be disadvantageous and uses case studies to illustrate this point. The writer examines the tactics used by the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) when fighting to pass this ruling. The paper concludes with the advantages of equal education.

From the Paper
"For centuries, African-American parents and supporters have been challenging the United States' educational system. In 1954, the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ruling changed this system forever. The unanimous decision by the U.S. Supreme Court eliminated a previous decision that established a "separate but equal" educational policy, and led to the integration of schools throughout the country. Without this necessary response to many unsuccessful attempts to ensure equal opportunities for all children, African American students would have remained at a serious disadvantage and the United States would not truly be a democratic country."

Tags:race, color, NAACP, law, case, court, racial, school, brown, topeka, kansas

Abstract
Examines FDR's informal "black cabinet," the people who served in it, and its importance to national culture. New Deal reforms & black support. Black leaders who advised FDR. The President's motive in using black advisers: to use their ideas to remedy racism & to rely on their opinion on a wide number of other issues. Diversity of "black cabinet." Contribution of educator Mary McLeon Bethune & others. Gains made by the NAACP, National Urban League & National Council of Negro Women as a legacy of the "black cabinet."

From the Paper
"With the entrance of each new administration we now hear about the importance of making the president's cabinet "look like America". That resemblance is never actually achieved, of course, if only because each American has a different idea of what it is that America really looks like. But amid the complex politics of inclusion at least when a Democrat is in the White House it is easy to overlook how far it is that we have actually come just over the course of the 20th century in terms of acknowledging that the differing experiences of different racial groups are all valid and that they must be included in an administration if the country is to be well run.
Many people deserve credit for bringing African-American voices into the mainstream of the national political process. But one of the people who deserves a fair measure of credit is often..."

Tags:NAACP