Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses that the Baile, Egyptian Cabaret, and Nritta represent a cross-cultural connection in world dance, which embodies the love that men and women share for each other. In this manner, the religious idioms of the cultures described here represent the manner of movement that depicts love, but through the sacred ideals of commitment and love. The writer points out that although these differ slightly in the accompaniment of dancers, or in the stylistics of the choreography, there is a archetypal cultural unifier that relates the desire and higher love of men and women across the world.

From the Paper
"This study examines the multi-cultural aspects of "divine love" in Kathak, Middle Eastern, and Flamenco dancing. Within these dances there is a greater blend of different cultural values that make up each of the formats of these dances. In this manner, the chain of influence upon the Kathak, Middle Eastern, and Flamenco dances offer a multi-cultural depiction of how dance is not created within the limitations of geographical boundaries. By understanding the cultural similarities based in these dances, one can realize the power of movement that is a commonality within the religious and divine nature of love. The Kathak dance is a religiously based dance that formally uses the divinity of love for Indian gods, and their dance in the Cosmos."

Tags:dance, flamenco, egyptian

Abstract
This paper explains that the history of multi-cultural children's literature is inextricably tied to the social history of America. This history is examined and the writer points out that the incorporation of multicultural children's literature into the popular American library has been a story of civil rights, historical trends, and individual agency. Some books examined for their contribution to this trend are Rudyard Kipling's "The Jungle Book", the French "Tin Tin" series by Herge Moulinsart among others.

From the Paper
"The history of Hispanic-Americans, though not as brutal as that of the African-Americans, is equally grueling in its disregard for native culture. Enslaved in South and Latin America, this demographic faced the same cultural history that the African-Americans did, but without the same causal cry for acknowledgment and involvement into the common knowledge base as witnessed by African-Americans. Many of these groups also have roots in the Native Americans (First Nations' Peoples) of the United States, and as such, have received a historically inaccurate and unflattering history though children's literature in America as the demographic with whom the brave American settler's battled and, later, the heartless killers who ravaged the west of the idolized American Cowboy."

Tags:native, civil, right, african, american, native, latin, culture

Abstract
This paper explains that most American companies hire a multi-cultural workforce because its diversity offers a significant advantage, locally and globally. The author points out that a multi-cultural workforce is able to give a more appropriate response to increasingly diverse consumers; therefore, by increasing multi-cultural diversity in the workforce, companies are capable of increasing sales and productivity to reach wider markets. The paper relates that companies with multi-cultural workforces must be aware that diversity also can be dysfunctional by producing negative dynamics such as stereotyping, cultural clashes and imbalanced power.

From the Paper
"A prime example is the Hispanic ethnic group; they are a large part of the growing diverse workforce. According to Imberman and deForest they state, working with the Hispanic ethnic groups, a person can detect the lack of knowledge stemming from their backgrounds. Hispanics are hard workers and embrace their bosses with high regard. Imberman and deForest write about an incident where a manager wanted to increase the productivity of the plant, he decided to dress down and become more relaxed with the employees. Within the Hispanic work ethic, this type of action demonstrates the manager is not of leadership quality, and is not to be as respected. The workers see the manager as less of a leader and more of an equal. Within the Hispanic ethnic group, an individual does not need to speak Spanish to increase productivity or promote good work habits; an individual just need to show respect, and make clear what to expect from them."

Tags:companies, diversity, hispanic, black, consumer

Abstract
This paper examines how a particularly special challenge is involved for the educator in the multi-cultural classroom with the various aspects of racial, cultural, and ethnic diversity that is involved. It examines how the teacher who effectively accomplishes the teaching and integration of all students in this classroom environment has the potential of attaining a particularly rewarding experience in education.

Outline
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Bench-Marks in New York City Schools
Definition of Multi-Cultural Education
History of Multi-Cultural Education
Program Categories
Sub-Cultures Existence with Cultures
Reducing Racism, Prejudice and Other Fear and Ignorance Factors
Issues in Learning
Cooperative Learning
Conclusion

From the Paper
"New York City is a place full of diversity and is in fact the home to Ellis Island, Lady Liberty whose arms have taken in all ethnic and cultural representations of the rainbow into her harbor throughout the last 228 years and yet it has not changed. The responsibilities and considerations in educating the Americans of today in New York City grows were more ethnically and culturally diverse as the world becomes smaller and smaller."

Tags:diverse, prejudice, racism, cooperative, learning

Abstract
This paper provides a literature review that shows that benefits from a cohesive multicultural team may include an increase in productivity and innovation, enhanced competitiveness, the fostering of flexibility, superior commitment to the employer and the client. The paper finds that this research confirms the author's hypothesis that when managers implement positive practices to counter challenges that multi-cultural teams present, then a number of benefits naturally materialize.
The paper includes figures as well as a vast amount of research material.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Discussion of Findings
Conclusion
Recommendations

From the Paper
"Nicole Johnson-Reece (2004), Vice President, diversity and community involvement of Cendant Corporation, Hotel Group, purports that to survive in any competitive environment, changes routinely have to be made to adapt to changes in the marketplace, whether that market be for a service or a particular product. In the article, "Developing an inclusive marketing strategy: Organizations that value diversity in their workplace and marketplace and support them with a focused marketing strategy will be industry leaders," Johnson-Reece points out that one primary changes occurring during the past 10 years is consumer behavior, and that "The US Census Bureau notes that American businesses are increasingly competing for the dollar of a much more culturally-diverse consumer segment than ever before" ( 1). In turn, organizations need to re-evaluate themselves and recognize the opportunity inherent in growing the multi-cultural customer base. This critical factor of evaluating and recognizing needs and opportunities to help nurture long-term success in an organization extend to managing today's culturally diverse workforce.
"According to the Business Wire report, "New joint venture focuses on it workforce and cross-cultural teams" (2007, for productivity to improve in today's culturally diverse workforce, organizations have to counter a number of multi-cultural challenges. This mandates that the organization "deliver custom training to address diversity and cross-cultural sensitivities for businesses that have multi cultural teams working together on projects" (New joint venture..., 2007, 2). When managers do effectively counter challenges common to multi-cultural team, the resulting well-functioning diverse teams contribute to increased innovation and productivity in the organization."

Tags:productivity, innovation, competitiveness, diversity, communication

Abstract
This paper explores the rich history and culture of the island of Puerto Rico. The paper studies the island's migratory patterns and its resulting multi-cultural population. The paper begins with a discussion of the island native population, the Taino, which were decimated by colonization and forced by Spain into slavery. Then, the paper shows how being located on a flourishing trade route led to immigration from Scotland, Ireland, Haiti and China. Next the paper turns to the impact of the Spanish-American War of 1898, culminating in the signing of the Jones Act in 1917, which gave America control over Puerto Rico. The paper concludes with an evaluation of the negative influence this move had on the island's economy and reverse migration.

From the Paper
"Immigration created a multicultural island. African slaves were brought to the island to work. Because of the growth on the island, work was plentiful in the1800's and people from Scotland, Ireland, and the French from Haiti and Louisiana fled to Puerto Rico for a better life. Chinese immigrants were imported to work on the roads. Such a diverse population is what makes Puerto Rico the cultural cornucopia it is today. Puerto Rico's culture continues to grow with recent immigration from Cuba and Dominican Republic. Puerto Rico's cultural diversity created a strong and proud group of people. In 1897 Spain gave Puerto Rico a Charter of Autonomy after 400 years of Spanish rule. The Charter of Autonomy allowed the island to create its own legislation and have its own representation in the Spanish Cortes. In 1898 the new government emerged and local issues were decided by town councils without intervention by the governor unless sanctioned by the cabinet."

Tags:jones, act, spanish, american, war, taino, slave, trade, caribbean

Abstract
This research paper discusses multi-cultural health care. With the demographics of the United States changing and the birthing hospitals being flooded with immigrant women, this paper focuses on the Family Birthing Center and its need to adapt and change. It explains how this institution needs to offer special services to the diverse population and how they are so far, succeeding in this context.

From the Paper
"As the demographics of the United States continue to change to include more foreign nationals, health care professionals need to become increasingly aware of multicultural issues. Developing a greater cultural awareness of a particular client population can aid health care providers in improved care giving. With the steady increase of people from other countries coming to the United States, health care professionals have been asked to assess and respond to the needs of a more diverse community such as the one confronting The Family Birthing Center. Changes in the racial, ethnic, and religious make-up of this country challenge those in health care to assess how to deliver care to their clients. Many advanced health care professionals have recognized the need to respond to changing populations, including the American Nurses Association, which recognizes the importance of cultural preparedness and offers culturally diverse curriculum among its programs (Peterson)."

Tags:immigration, birth, nursing

Abstract
This paper advances a proposal that ESL programs should be maintained in the multi-cultural school setting and should become a more important part of this setting. It contends that bilingual education programs that encourage the speaking of more than one language within the classroom environment, which is teacher-controlled, may lead to less academic achievement with split languages.

From the Paper
"In Mary Ann Zehr's Education Week article, "Poll: Immigrants Value Speaking English," the author presents a straightforward analysis of recent statistical polling regarding the use of English in classrooms in the United States. It remains for the education professional to take this information to heart in their own multicultural methodology and the administrator to take it to heart in terms of what it means for the advocacy of this proposal. An effective teacher can meet the needs of different students while following the standardized goals of one of the more vital fields of study for learning students: successful English communication in all aspects of learning. By tailoring specific learning activities to engage the varied interests of the students who are still developing their English skills and native speakers, the effective teacher would first present and then determine the students' mastery of the integral basics of presentation. Zehr has found that of the immigrants polled, "Sixty-three percent said that all public school classes should be taught only in English" (Zehr, 2003). These polling numbers may make the importance of bilingual education seem less vital that providing an atmosphere to give ESL students what they want."

Tags:classroom, minority, learning, goals, teaching, methodologies, immersion, two-way, transitional

Abstract
This paper is an analysis of multi-cultural counseling with a focus on its development, description and validity of its application in the United States- the country with diverse races.

Abstract
This paper briefly looks at the value of diversity, today's changing workforce in corporate America, how to respond to these changes, globalization and the many benefits of valuing diversity in an organization. Further, the paper also goes on to look at how the author is using the knowledge gained in her own work life.

From the Paper
"This research paper looks at multi cultural leadership in today's changing business world. The author looks at leadership from a North American perspective and also from a global perspective. This paper looks at diversity in the workplace, today's changing workplace, affirmative action that we can take to successfully lead an organization and global diversity. The paper concludes with a brief look at the benefits that can be gained..."

Tags:diversity, management, leadership