Abstract This paper explains that DanielBernoulli used his analytical skills across a broad range of scientific disciplines including probability, hydrodynamics, the flow of blood and blood pressure and Riccati's differential equations. The author points out that DanielBernoulli improved mathematical physics with his recognition of many of Newton's theories and his utilization of the more powerful calculus of Leibniz. The paper relates that Bernoulli's mathematical explanation of the behavior of gas led to Boyle's law.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Bernoulli's Contributions to Mathematics
Effect of Bernoulli's Work on Today's World
From the Paper "Aerodynamics is a subdivision of fluid mechanics that deals with the motion of air and other gaseous fluids, and with the forces acting on bodies in motion relative to such fluids. Some of the examples of aerodynamic actions are: the movement of an aircraft through the air, the wind forces applied on a structure and the working of a windmill. Daniel Bernoulli's principle is the main law dictating the motion of fluids, which links an increase in flow velocity to a decrease in pressure. For instance, for the same quantity of air at the entry to the venturi tube below to flow through the restriction in the middle, the air must accelerate."
Abstract A short history of the great Greek mathematicians. Amongst those discussed are Pythagoras, Zeno, Euclid, Hippocrates, and Thales. This essay is a brief overview of their major contributions to modern mathematics.
Abstract This paper explains that L'Hopital, who lived during the conception of modern calculus, was taught by Bernoulli; the result of this tuition was L'Hopital's "Analyse des Infiniments Petits", which became the French reference book in the calculus for a century. The author points out that L'Hopital's name is guaranteed to survive in the memories of thousands of mathematicians because of the L'Hopital rule, which is useful when dealing with indeterminate forms. The paper relates that L'Hopital created the template by which all calculus texts would be modeled and measured against for the next three hundred years. Formulas included.
From the Paper "A natural progression from his two first works on the topic of calculus would have been a serious examination of the integral calculus. Indeed, this was a project that L'Hopital was capable of and actually began to write before his death. However, one of his contemporaries-Leibniz-made it known to L'Hopital that he also endeavored to publish a work covering the same hole in written calculus of the time. Apparently, out of respect to the mathematician who made much of his fame possible, L'Hopital abandoned the project."
Tags: derivative, calculus, Bernoulli, indeterminate, text
Abstract This paper discusses the book, "A Mathematician Reads the Newspaper" written by John Allen Paulos. The paper examines how Paulos expands his view of number and mathematics to show how much information numbers can convey and how mathematics can illuminate virtually any subject if properly applied. Paulos discusses these issues by dividing his analysis into categories, beginning with politics and the economy and then continuing through business issues, lifestyle news, science and medicine, and finally, a section on stories that may seem very far from mathematics on food, books, sports, and obituaries. The paper explains that the analysis by Paulos is practical in orientation, for he does not speak in generalities, but rather discusses specific stories and illustrates what mathematics can reveal about them.
From the Paper "While mathematics may be the focus, Paulos also shows how logic is often suspended by readers and how they may accept conventional wisdom and so judge what they read uncritically, when in fact they would be more correct to raise questions and seek deeper answers. One aspect of our misunderstanding comes from the way newspaper writers misuse numbers, but readers also misuse numbers. Paulos cite the anchoring effect under which when given an erroneous number and asked to estimate the correct number, individuals moved in the right direction but not by very much. They would become anchored to the original number and be reluctant to move too far form it (17-18). Paulos finds ways in which seemingly simple facts may not be facts at all, such as the circulation numbers of newspapers, given as if the number indicate a daily truth."
Abstract C.S. Lewis, in "English Literature in the Sixteenth Century", dismissed Daniel's "Delia" on the grounds that: "It offers no ideas, no psychology, and of course no story: it is simply a masterpiece of phrasing and melody" (Lewis 491). Samuel Daniel's sonnet sequence, "Delia" (1592), is undeniably remarkable for its phrasing and melody. However, one can take issue with Lewis' depiction of Daniel's achievement. This essay will argue that, contrary to Lewis' statement, Daniel's "Delia" reveals a complex level of interlocking patterns of thematic ideas and imagery. One cannot assert broad generalizations about a poet's entire work, much less the poetic production of an entire era, from the textual analysis of a single work. Includes annotated bibliography.
Abstract E.L. Doctorow has always been a writer who juxtaposes fictional events with historical ones. "The Book of Daniel" is no exception. While the character of Daniel is fictional, the events depicted--a thinly disguised version of the Julius and Ethel Rosenberg trial, the communist scare fanned by Senator McCarthy, the Viet Nam War--are all rooted in history. Daniel's journey then is both historical and personal, ricocheting between the past and the present as he attempts to find meaning in the events of his own life and those of his culture. "The Book of Daniel" is like its Biblical counterpart, part lamentation and part exhortation. History is a catalogue of a "time of trouble" in which some figures of the past will awake to 'everlasting contempt' while others turn to righteousness. Daniel struggles with both, an inherited past and an uncertain future. In the end, however, he finds his way.
Abstract This paper discusses the importance of Samuel Daniel's "Delia" through its structure and the creation of the modern sonnet. The author explores Daniel's influences including Sir Philip Sidney and Shakespeare, and his use of the Petrarchan writing mechanisms. Further this paper examines the significance of the sonnet to the English Renaissance and European poetry.
From the paper:
"Samuel Daniel's Delia presents to the modern reader a nearly perfect mechanism through which to contemplate the structure of the sonnet in English as it first came to be incorporated into the common practice of this language. His use of Petrarchan forms and metrical traditions demonstrates that the sonnet when it first entered into wide use in the Renaissance was indeed a direct carry-over from the Italian, a mimicking by English writers of the Italianate structure of neoclassicism, a harkening back to Rome and so to Athens."
Abstract This paper discusses the Prophet Daniel's vision of 70 Weeks through interpretations, theories, views, and fulfillments, including the references to Christ and the tribulations that were experienced. With all of the critical prophecies credited to him, the paper provides insights into who Daniel was and why he felt he needed to share his wisdom. The concern for historians regarding Daniel's work revolves around the fact that there are numerous problems confirming or even explaining some of the prophetical meanings of his passages.
From the Paper "The name Daniel in Hebrew means God is my Judge. Daniel was one of the most important of the prophets from the Old Testament. But his prophecies also carried over into the New Testament since much of the prophecy done by Daniel correspond with the apostle John and his work in the Book of Revelation. Daniel's acclaim and importance to the ancient Christian movement can be demonstrated by the fact that Jesus specifically referred to events from the Book of Daniel that were expected to happen prior to His return. Modern day religious scholars believe that Daniel was born a noble and maybe even an actual member of the royal family of Judah. ?Daniel thereafter held a very high position in the government for about 70 years, the actual ruler of what is modern-day Iraq, right until his famous "handwriting on the wall" interpretation on the night before the fall of the Babylonian kingdom to Darius the Mede (Daniel 5:1-29).? (KeyWay, 2004)"
Abstract The paper examines the book of Daniel, and explains how the Lord's power is exhibited as He gives awesome insight into the future, protects His followers in fatal situations, and illustrates the end of time. The paper discusses the basic storyline and describes the various miracles and events witnessed and lived through by Daniel and his friends. The paper concludes that the book of Daniel offers insight to questions of omnipotence and the final judgment. The author adds that in his /her opinion, it is easier to believe in a higher being than existing on earth questioning life and its purpose.
From the Paper "The definition for all-powerful is possessing unlimited authority or power. Other words used to define all-powerful include: omnipotent, invincible, supreme, and almighty. The Lord of the Jewish and Christian faith uses these words in reference to their God. The Hebrew Bible contains writings of a prophet during the Babylonian exile. "The God of Daniel is the omnipotent Lord who controls history, setting up and removing earthly rulers and empires, but also rescuing his people from the power of those kings and teaching them the limits of their sovereignty. (Davies 565)" In the book of Daniel, the Lord's power is exhibited as he gives awesome insight into the future (via visions/interpretations), protects his followers in fatal situations, and illustrates the end of time."
Abstract This paper shows E.L. Doctorow's "The Book of Daniel" as the anti-post World War II American novel. It looks at how, unlike the other books of the time, "The Book of Daniel" does not focus on the freedom of man, the American dream and the beauty of life in the vast stretch of the American landscape. It shows how, instead, it deals with the horror of post World War II America, the hysteria and the real truth of those who sit behind the blue glow of televisions in white suburban America.
From the Paper "Much like Faulkners' The Sound and the Fury, The Book of Daniel jumps from the past to the present. There is a element of duality, of a strange frozen place in time that sets the stage for the novel. Doctorow wants the reader to experience the chaos of Daniel and the time. It is the sixties, there is a strong opposition to the war against Communism in Vietnam, and Daniel finds himself in between these two places in time. His parents are killed for being "Communists" but does the hysteria stop? It is a Novel of the social evils that existed in Paul and Rochelle generation and are mirrored in the generation of Daniel. The difference that exists is between the attitudes of these two generations is the ignorance. Daniel's parents are put to death in the wake of great American pride. It is this same patriotism that sends the young off to war in Vietnam, but this time the kids are not ready to go and die just for Patriotism."
This well-researched paper analyzes the differences and similarities in Daniel Quinn's 1992 novel "Ishmael" to that of the book of "Genesis" in the Bible.
Abstract This in-depth paper examines the views and opinions of author Daniel Quinn in his novel which focuses on an alternative take on human history as compared to that told in the book of "Genesis." This paper delves into the characters of Adam, Eve, Cain and Abel as portrayed in "Genesis" and as Quinn perceived them in his own novel. This paper compares the actions of Cain and Abel in the book of "Genesis" to those depicted in Quinn's novel which presents a somewhat different version of events. This paper examines the traditional teachings related to the creation of the world while comparing them to the differing views and perceptions of Daniel Quinn. One example focuses on the story of Cain and Abel and the traditional yet simplistic explanation which recounts the first recorded murder. Quinn delves deeper and more critically into this specific story exposing a much more complex and underlying meaning to that of a simple disagreement between two brothers which are detailed in this paper. The writer attempts to prove in this paper that the book of "Genesis" may be more than just simple tales of morality but an actual plausible glimpse into the development of human culture and man's own inner-psyche.
From the Paper "It is here where the stage is set for the first man's imminent self-condemnation. Shortly afterward, the book documents God's abstraction of Eve from Adams rib. The author makes it clear that in this golden age, Human beings could co-exist with their environment in perfect harmony until the emergence of the enigmatic character of the serpent.
When Eve tells the serpent what God has said will happen were she and Adam to eat of the tree of knowledge of good and bad, he says to Eve,
"You won't die! Because God knows that in the day you eat from it your eyes will be opened, and you'll be like God- knowing good and bad." The snake, whose intentions are ambiguous, tempts Eve to eat of the tree. She does so and then takes the fruit to Adam, who eats of it as well."
Abstract This paper discusses the life and death of Daniel Pearl who was kidnapped and murdered. He is the 26th journalist to die in Iraq. The writer shows that Daniel Pearl's life story shows that he was a dedicated news reporter who was not afraid to let the world know what was happening in Pakistan.
From the Paper "[Daniel] Pearl is the 10th reporter to die while involved in coverage of the war against terrorism, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists" (U.S. Journalist 2002). He is the 26th journalist that died in Iraq (Memmott 2003). Daniel Pearl was kidnapped and murdered leaving behind a wife and baby. The life of Daniel Pearl shows that he was a dedicated news reporter who was not afraid to let the world know what was happening in Pakistan. Looking at the life of Daniel Pearl will show that he was a dedicated reporter. Pearl was born 41 years ago in Princeton, New Jersey (Cabell 2002). Pearl attended college and graduated with a degree in communications. The first newspaper that he worked for was the Berkshire Eagle in Pittsfield, Massachusetts in 1988 and he won a reward for a story the following year (Cabell 2002)."
Abstract This paper examines the prophecies found in Daniel, chapters 7 to 12, focusing particularly on the four beasts that come from the sea. The paper maintains that these chapters can be judged to be true by looking at history. It points out that the four animals refer to the time period after Babylon and the present time. The paper also looks at charts, maps, and literature on the 'Book of Daniel' to show how these prophecies relate to different kingdoms. To conclude, the paper suggests that, considering the present problems in the Middle East, the prophesy that the beasts will come back to life through the Antichrist could possibly be true.
From the Paper "Daniel describes the fourth beast as terrible and strong with iron teeth. "After that, in my vision at night I saw in front of me a fourth animal that was cruel, terrible and very strong. It had large iron teeth. It crushed and ate what it killed, and then it walked on whatever was left" (Wheeling). This fourth beast represents the Roman Empire and how it would conquer Jerusalem and destroy the Temple. The Roman Empire was stronger than the other empires. "The angel explains to Daniel, the four beasts; lion, bear, leopard and the terrible beast are four kings from the earth. With each king comes a kingdom" and each of these kingdoms connected to Israel (The Book of Daniel). The last kingdom, Rome, was in power when Jesus was alive. Comparing different analyses about the four beasts show similar interpretations. While the four beasts relate to the immediate context of the nations affecting Israel, these four beasts also relate to the future or a broad context of the future countries referring to the present times."
Abstract In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the novels "Crossings", "Impossible", "Dating Game" and "The House" by Danielle Steel. Specifically, the writer discusses the heroines of the novels and looks at how they all seem molded from the same character - a female victim who survives all odds to find love. The writer points out that Danielle Steel's novels are often described as all fitting into the same formula plot and action, but she has delved into historical, suspense, and even non-fiction works, as well. The writer maintains that many of Steel's novels are set in the glamorous world of wealth and power, another commonality that includes many of the characters in these four books. The writer concludes that all of the women characters find the man of their dreams, fight to make it work and end up with love.
From the Paper "This character is on a journey to find herself, rather than find another man, and that makes her different than most of Steel's characters, who always end up with the man in the end. Paris, instead, adopts a baby, convinced that being a mother is the only thing she can do well, and in the end, does find another man to love, so the book ends on a happy note. Paris has learned how to be happy without a husband and without a man, so she seems better prepared for the future at the end of this book, and she seems like a more well rounded character, too. Most of the men in the book are boors at best, and Andrew enters so late, it is difficult to know much about him, other than he is a decent man and he loves Paris. Compared to Liane, she seems much more mature (of course, she is older), and her romance seems much more settled and believable. Liane falls in love after a short journey with Nick, while Paris falls in love after a dating relationship that is supportive and nurturing. It seems a better foundation for romance, and for a romantic book, too. There is more humor in this book, as well, and some of the characters are quite funny, which makes the book a bit easier to read."
Abstract This paper is an analysis of Samuel Daniel's work "Delia". It references several other works in order to make the correct analysis such as: Sidney's "Astrophel and Stella", Petrach's "Canzoniere" and more. It details the sonnet in the English Renaissance, the Petrarchan sonnet and how it became a major influence on European poetry, the typical Elizabethan use of the sonnet , and more.
From the Paper "Samuel Daniel's ''Delia?? presents to the modern reader a nearly perfect mechanism through which to contemplate the structure of the sonnet in English as it first came to be incorporated into the common practice of this language. His use of Petrarchan forms and metrical traditions demonstrates that the sonnet when it first entered into wide use in the Renaissance was indeed a direct carry-over from the Italian, a mimicking by English writers of the Italianate structure of neoclassicism, a harkening back to Rome and so to Athens. By examining Daniel, we hear a twinning of neoclassical and English forms that would be lost almost entirely by Shakespeare's later sonnets ? so much more familiar to most of us. Shakespeare made the sonnet into a native form for English speakers, made it a part of our own language, as natural as a lullaby sung from one generation to the next. But before Shakespeare could have done this, there had to be writers like Daniel. This paper examines Samuel's great work "Delia", looking particularly at the influence of Sir Philip Sidney's Astrophel and Stella on Samuel's work."
