Abstract
This paper looks at two articles dealing with the growing economic, political and marketing power of the lesbian/gay community: "Advertising and the Political Economy of Lesbian/Gay Identity" and "Commodity Lesbianism". The writer explains that the gay and lesbian communities are finding themselves more recognized in society because marketers and advertisers have seen the importance of the demographic for marketing campaigns. The writer suggests that this new-found attention from the marketing community has produced some interesting social and political effects. In conclusion the article suggests that capitalism is creating a new identity for the the lesbian/gay community and that this identity is built on the recognition of the lesbian community as a viable and important market that can be exploited.

From the Paper
"In "Advertising and the Political Economy of Lesbian/Gay Identity" Fred Fejes examines the complicated relationship that gays and lesbians have developed between political agency and economic power. In fact, the interesting point that Fejes makes is that it may be that gays and lesbians are gaining political equality and clout not through traditional economic means. Other minority and disenfranchised groups have, in the past, developed political equality because they have controlled some aspect of economic production and/or capital. This is not the case with the gay and lesbian communities, Fejes argues. Instead, this group is gaining political ground because mainstream society is beginning to recognize the important market position of these individuals as consumers."

Tags:advertising, marketing, new, identity

Abstract
This paper states that the domestic abuse in the lesbian community is as prevalent as it is in the heterosexual couples---the only problem is the former is surrounded by a wall of silence.

Abstract
This paper consists of a brief history and explanation of various methods of artificial insemination. It discusses the current policies of government and health institutions on this form of reproduction and how these specifically effect the lesbian community's wish to conceive.

From the Paper
"Everyday in America, countless couples become pregnant without planning to. The results of these unplanned pregnancies range from abortion, to families maintained by teenagers, to abusive situations for the children brought into the world as a result of these unplanned pregnancies. The irony of this is that while many people are starting families that they don t even want, there are thousands of lesbians that would give anything to have a child of their own. For many, their only option is to artificially inseminate. In this paper I will discuss the process of artificial insemination and the policies surrounding it in regard to lesbians. In addition I will discuss what the future could hold in terms of reproductive technology."

Tags:alternative, family, gay, lifestyle, reproduction, reproductive, sociology, technology

Abstract
This paper examines the factors that have contributed to the election of the same political party in Russia since the fall of Communism. Russia has been in an economic depression since the fall of the Soviet Union, yet the same party is re-elected through democratic vote. The reasons for this puzzling outcome are discussed in this paper and identified as using democracy to purge the conservative communists of their rank, old elites regaining state control and loyalty of those counting the votes. Each factor is discussed in great detail along with its contribution and impact on the electoral outcome. This paper is ideal for anyone, from a Russian politics expert to a curious novice.

From the Paper
"Mikhail Gorbachev, along with the Soviet leaders was the first to introduce semi competitive elections into the USSR and then later Russia. Although elections are a focal point of a democracy, they were not initiated by Gorbachev for this use. "The goal of these elections was to purge the conservative ranks of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) from their positions of power within state structures as a way to liberate these state institutions and thereby make them available as instruments by executing Gorbachev's economic reforms" (McFaul and Petrov, 24). The existing powers of the Soviet Union at the time of the introduction of democracy were all communists, who held high political ranks. In order for Gorbachev to implement his reformation of the economy, these political figures needed to be removed from their ranks, otherwise there would be great opposition to the changes planned. When these leaders were removed, the state organizations were free from communist control and could be used in any way that Gorbachev desired."

Tags:authoritative, campaigns, communism, communists, competative, control, cpsu, democracy, depression, eastern, economic, elections, electoral, elites, europe, gorbachev, history, kramlin, leaders, power, process, putin, rank, russia, russian, soviet, state, studies, union, ussr, voters

Abstract
This paper addresses needs for marketing power tools in Australia. Cultural and business concerns with marketing in the Australian economy are outlined to show problems that exist with marketing generally and with the power tools specifically. Suggestions are made for developing a campaign that addresses the strengths of the proposed tool line and realities of the marketplace.

From the Paper
"Surprisingly, given its view of itself as an innovative and creative society, Australia has never been receptive of marketing as a discipline to add value to product sales and distribution. Perhaps because it has a no-nonsense, show-me-don't-tell-me cultural approach to the marketplace, or perhaps because marketing has simply not fully developed as a function in the Australian economy, Australian society has traditionally viewed marketing with suspicion, if not outright rejection. However, as it enters the global marketplace, this orientation will have to change in relation to both product marketing on the part of corporations and marketing evaluation on the part of consumers. Widing puts it starkly when he writes that "developing a market orientation is likely to enhance business performance"."

Tags:marketing, culture, international

Abstract
This paper first addresses the problem of teen pregnancy and then proposes establishing a community that provides support and education to pregnant teens and teens already with children. Next, the paper discusses the four basic elements of social marketing. The paper also examines the measurable outcomes of the program and describes evaluation strategies for determining the success of the program in achieving its goals.

Table of Contents:
Community Health Social Marketing Program
Overview of Community of Health Plan
Formative and Summative Evaluation Strategies
Reasoning for Evaluation Methodologies
Impact of Project Success on Public Health Policy
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"Social marketing in the community refers that for adequate contraceptive behavior to occur, teenagers must first recognize that they risk becoming pregnant if they have intercourse and do not use contraceptive properly. Also important is the teenager's knowledge or perception concerning pregnancy risk. The teenage perception is a result why some teenagers do not use contraception. Teenagers must have the ability to generate ways in which they can reduce their risk of pregnancy such as contraceptive methods. Social marketers is expected to determine and maximize the most effective ways in which to heighten teenagers' personal perception of pregnancy risk, their understanding of the potential consequences of an unplanned pregnancy, and their awareness of available contraceptive methods. A social marketing objective is to promote discussions on contraceptive issues and a sense of shared responsibility among partners."

Tags:nursing, community health, teen pregnancy, sex

Abstract
In this paper, the writer asserts that marketing and ministry have the potential to create an ideal partnership. The writer contends that, when a business owner is motivated by and acts with a sense of spirituality common in Christianity, he or she will find peace, be a benefit to society, and find a respected place within the industry, which is key to customer loyalty. On the other hand, the writer also contends that, if aspects of a business contradict a person's personal beliefs on spirituality, then reevaluating certain practices in the business can help determine wither the business is the right fit for those personal beliefs. The writer then discusses these contentions in detail and concludes that, as a marketing major, he has the responsibility to create positive social change through ethical business practices and a stance for social change.

Table of Contents:
Do unto Others Marketing
Power-Based Analysis
Market audience
The Nestle Boycott
Current Status of the Boycott
Marketing and Ministry

From the Paper
"The International Nestle Boycott Committee headed the international boycott campaign in 2009. The secretariat of the committee was the Baby Milk Action group located in UK. IBFAN comprised of more than 200 members of organizations across the globe. There were approximately 100 countries participating with the IBFAN. Along with the campaign against Nestle, the organization worked for the fulfillment of the Code and Resolutions in the legislation. The organization reported 60 countries followed the provisions."

Tags:awareness, relationship, stereotyping, strategies, image

Abstract
The paper discusses how the concept of community is one that is familiar to most people, however, as with other shared concepts, it is highly likely that different people have different definitions of this important concept. In this essay, the writer argues that in our highly globalized modern world, where global migration has become almost commonplace, it is more useful to see this important substratum in abstract terms, and hence to define community in terms of abstract than geographical ties. This argument is made with reference to Leo R. Chavez's article "The power of imagined community".

From the Paper
"The concept of community is one that is familiar to most people. However, as with other shared concepts, it is highly likely that different people have different definitions of this important concept. For example, is community a collection of geographically related people, such as a neighbourhood, or is community defined by more abstract ties, such as family ties, shared heritages, shared sexual orientation, or shared political or religious beliefs? In short, "despite all the work that has been carried out on communities, the question still remains: What underlies a sense of community?" (Chavez 219). In this essay I will argue..."

Tags:kabeer, levi, chavez

Abstract
The author of the paper contends that the rapid maturation and growth of integrated marketing communications (IMC) strategies is serving as the catalyst of greater integration across advertising, public relations, marketing, selling and service communications strategies. In the paper, the author evaluates the benefits and barriers of IMC campaigns within Nike and specifically the NikeID campaign. In addition, the writer discusses the issues of mass customization as they relate to the value chain Nike must rely on for the successful fulfillment of orders for tailored and customized shoes and accessories for customers. The author also looks at how IMC has become an integral part of the strategic plans of many organizations from a demand development and fulfillment perspective.
The paper contains two tables.

Outline:
Executive Summary
Assessing the Benefits of IMC Strategies
Dependence
Barriers to IMC Strategies
Summary
References

From the Paper
"Just as broad integration and the ability to synchronize all marketing strategies within a given company is a major strength of a successfully implemented IMC strategy, the converse of this is often the case due to organizations' cultures lacking the commitment to change. Paradoxically the companies in the most need of attracting and retaining new customers often face the most difficult cultural transition to support any integrated activity, and this includes the development and execution of IMC strategies. The single biggest barrier to the development of successful IMC strategies are cultures in organizations that don't tolerate inter-departmental communication and information sharing, or the development of plans that require a shared common objective."

Tags:advertising, public relations, marketing selling service communications strategies customization campaigns customers

Abstract
In this article, the writer focuses on the effect the gay and lesbian population has had on hotel management and marketing. By reviewing and analyzing various articles and reports on this topic, the writer demonstrates why the gay and lesbian population is a heavily marketed group within the travel industry. Likewise, the writer reviews why a hotel manager should market to the gay and lesbian traveling population. Finally, the paper also touches briefly on how effective marketing to this population can occur.

Outline:
Introduction
What Gay and Lesbian Travelers Want in a Hotel
Why Market to Gay and Lesbian Travelers?
How to Market to the Gay and Lesbian Population
What Others are Doing

From the Paper
"One of the most significant developments in the travel industry, particularly as it applies to hotel management and marketing, is the recent trend aimed at attracting gay and lesbian clients. This trend developed as marketing research showed that gay and lesbian people are more likely to travel, and have more disposable income to spend when traveling, than the general population does. Thus, this group of individuals, who for decades was regarded as a niche travel population that only gay or lesbian-only travel marketing niche catered to, is now a mainstream market within the travel industry as a whole."

Tags:hotel, travelers, homosexual, marketing, niche