Abstract
Examines the negative impact of cost reduction on manpower motivation. Discusses yielding positive economic growth through cost reduction, the concept of downsizing, the attitude of the corporate culture, and the relation between compensation and reduced costs.

From the Paper
"Concerted efforts are under way throughout a majority of economic sectors in the United States all geared toward yielding positive economic growth through cost reduction...."

Abstract
This paper looks at the concerns that have arisen in the United States regarding health manpower policies. Current issues dealing with the nation's health manpower, such as a widespread nursing shortage, a physician surplus, unequal geographic distribution of health care professionals, and an imbalance in the physician work force are considered in this paper. Included are recommendations for correcting the problems discussed.

From the Paper
"In order to determine the reason for the current surplus one must consider decisions that were made in the United States four decades ago. During the 1960's and 1970's there was great concern that the nation was in need of an increase in the physician supply in order to provide adequate health care to the people. Both federal and state governments provided monetary support to U.S. medical schools in order to increase their class sizes. "Total federal support, through restricted revenues, teaching and training, and public service, increased from $690 million in 1970 to $1,739 million in 1980, a 152% increase."3 In addition, the Immigration and Naturalization Service also assisted in the endeavor by changing their regulations to allow more foreign-trained physicians to enter and remain in the country."

Tags:healthcare, imbalances, nursing, physician, shortages, staffing

Abstract
This paper explains that to solve its recruitment problem, Kava can use the employment agency within Kava and wait for the interested individuals to send in their resumes, can conduction operations similar to head-hunting but at a smaller scale or can select employees through marketing campaigns created and issued by the PacEx under the aegis of FedEx. Next, the author presents a cost-benefit analysis of each alternative to simplify the problem and assist in making a decision. Based on the cost-benefit analysis, the paper concludes that the third alternative of using a marketing campaign is the best.

Table of Contents:
The Problem
Alternative Solutions
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Alternative 1: Recruitment through the Kava Employment Agency
Costs
Benefits
Alternative 2: Head-Hunting
Costs
Benefits
Alternative 3: Selection through Marketing Campaigns
Costs
Benefits
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Based on the analysis of the benefits and limitations of each of the available courses of action, the solution with the highest rate of expected success is the third one. In addition to the fact that it reveals the strongest benefits, it also has the advantage that most of its limitations can be easily overcome. In this order of ideas, both time and resource consumption can be reduced by using the previous FedEx campaigns. This strategy does not imply a lack of creativity and originality, but it is based on several advantages, as follows:
"Along its existence, parent company Federal Express has created numerous marketing campaigns which have managed to attract both employees as well as customers - this expertise is vital for the success of the Kava based subsidiary, Pacific Express.
"FedEx still possesses its previous campaigns and can readjust one to suit the recruitment requirements of PacEx.
"The endeavor would materialize in the benefits of reduced time in creating a new campaign, combined with the decade long expertise of FedEx.
"The campaign would be modified and adjusted to the current needs of the Kava based subsidiary, meaning as such that the advertisements would be personalized in such a manner that they attract personnel in the Kava offices."

Tags:tedious efficient, informative campaign, rapid applicability, originality

Abstract
This paper explains that its geography and demography gave the U.S. the initial capacity to invest U.S. capital thus becoming a mighty engine of world finance, gathering increments of power by bolstering old enterprises or by opening new enterprises. The author points out that W.W. II literally forced America to become an internationalist nation; the period after W.W. II marked a transition to a new phase of nationalist feeling incorporating a militarist emphasis in foreign policy and an increasing anxiety about security. The paper states that the use of atomic bombs in Japan to end W.W. II was a watershed event in history and ultimately proved to be the catalyst in propelling the U.S. into the elite club of world superpowers at the time: Today, America is the only superpower in the world.

Table of Content
The Early Years
This Land Is Our Land
National Interest
Economy As A Factor In Superpower Status
Strategy of Containment
Other Ingredients That Made America A Superpower
The Dynamism of American World Power
In Conclusion

From the Paper
"In any calculus of the world's resources - immediate, reserve and potential - America leads the procession of the nations, with even the Soviet Union following at a distance. America was estimated (in 1950) to have 30 percent of the world's harnessed water power and to produce 42 percent of the world's total electrical power from all sources - about 430 billion kilowatt hours (Western Europe produced 25 percent, the Soviet Union eight percent). It used 60 percent of the world's total petroleum production and 25 percent of its total coal production. Its per-capita use of electrical energy from all sources increased from 455 kilowatt-hours in 1924 to 3,000 kilowatt-hours in 1954, and its per-capita use of total mechanical energy was like that derived from burning eight tons of coal for every person."

Tags:investment, wwii, militarist, security, atomic-bombs

From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the military history of the Crusades. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context of Middle Ages military convention at the time of the Crusades, and then to discuss how the Crusades were initially fought militarily, how military strategy and practice changed over the course of the many crusades and why, and the influences on military practice that occurred because of the encounter between Islamic military and wider culture on one hand, and European warfare and weaponry on the other.


By the time of the Middle Ages, the principal military fact about Europe appears to have been that indigenous European forces deriving from the Imperial Roman infantry had for various reasons been overwhelmed by the barbarian innovation and advantage of armed cavalry. This innovation was gradually adopted in Europe..."

Abstract
This paper is a deep analysis of the issues of Health Care providence in the U.S. It discusses the issues of physician manpower by analyzing the physician surplus, the imbalance of the physician workforce and geographic distribution. This paper also discusses the issues, problems and trade-offs of nursing manpower. In each case the paper offers recommendations to solving the issues discussed.

From the Paper
"The primary goal of a health care system is to provide equal and affordable access of quality health care to the members of the population. This includes providing the nation with the right combination of health care providers. It also involves determining the various needs of the different geographic locations of the nation as well as the needs of disadvantaged and minority groups. These objectives as well as others help to ensure access to care for the population as a whole."

Tags:health, care, issues, nursing, physician, manpower, providers

Abstract
Canadians have seen a constant deterioration in the existing health care system and current wait times have exceeded accepted limits and medical manpower has significantly decreased. This paper examines how in reaction to these growing problems Canada's health care officials have began implementing a relatively new role for nurses into the health care system. It looks at how the nurse practitioner has a master's degree in nursing and additional education in medical care and how, by employing the nurse practitioner in many areas of health care there has been an increase in access to existing recourses, decreased wait times, improved health outcomes by early diagnosis and overall health education.

Outline
Abstract
The Nurse Practitioner Advantage
Nurse Practitioners Are Crucial
General Practitioners and Nurse Practitioners Working Together
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Nevertheless, implementing NPs into the current health care system is facing some difficulties. The biggest sets backs have been from the opposition of general practitioners (physicians). General practitioners are nervous that nurse practitioners will be taking employment opportunities away that were previously dedicated to only doctors. And some doctors are even going to the extreme as of saying that nurse practitioners are so under qualified that they are dangerous. One doctor, Dr. Scott Stern, was reported saying, "in most situations, patients are compromising their care and settling for less when they see someone other then a doctor.... To assume that somebody who has much less training is going to do as good a job just doesn't make any sense" (Perez, 2006). But, the role of the NP is not designed to replace any other member of the health care system, but rather is intended to work in relationships to improve timely access to care with a slightly different approach to care. "

Tags:health, education, care, medical, manpower

Abstract
This paper examines how the dollar costs of Bush's plan to fight terrorism and increase homeland security comes to an estimated $111.2 billion which will be shouldered by taxpayers, a fact that has drawn sharp criticism from Democrats and other citizens' groups. It looks at how these expenses are separate from the funds that are now being used in the War against Iraq. It evaluates which resources are needed such as manpower, technology and military costs.

From the Paper
"President George W. Bush's budget for fiscal year 2004 prioritizes spending for the 22 agencies that form the Department of Homeland Security. While other federal agencies have been held to tight budgets due to federal deficit increases, the President allotted $36.2 billion for Department of Homeland Security. This figure represents a 7.4 percent increase over earlier estimated figures. The final figure includes $26.7 million in discretionary spending (Kulish).

This budget was based on estimates that the Department of Homeland Security would have close to 190,000 full-time employees. Currently, Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge says that there are nearly 180,000 workers employed full-time with the department. This includes thousands of federal workers monitoring the bag-checks at airports (Lee)."

Tags:war, iraq, technology, manpower, bush

Abstract
This paper examines how the Defense Manpower Data Center conducted sexual harassment surveys of active-duty military members in both 1988 and 1995. It looks at how since the release of the initial survey findings, considerable additional research has been conducted. It provides historical background information on the Department of Defense (DoD) sexual harassment survey efforts, including recent initiatives to standardize sexual harassment methods across DoD-wide and armed-services-specific surveys. It also highlights salient findings from the additional research reported in this special issue and identifies fertile areas for future research.

From the Paper
"The use of a survey behavioral list enabled the USMSPB to calculate incidence rates on the percentage of federal workers who indicated experiencing one or more of the behaviors. As the survey was administered periodically, and the behavioral list remained essentially unchanged, the data were used over time for trend analysis. For example, 42% of women in the federal workforce, in both 1980 and 1987, reported experiencing one or more unwelcome sexual behaviors in the 24 months prior to filling out the survey. That figure rose slightly to 44% in 1994 (USMSPB, 1981, 1988, 1995). In 1988, the first DoD-wide survey results indicated that 64% of active-duty military women experienced one or more unwelcome sexual behaviors in the 12 months prior to filling out the survey (Martindale, 1990)."

Tags:defense, manpower, data, center, dod, usmspb

Abstract
The market created by the public-private mix of healthcare in Ireland is described structurally as a two-tier health system. This paper examines how Ireland fares in providing acceptable healthcare to its citizens with its two-tier system. Areas discussed include waiting lists, manpower and the problems caused by an egalitarian society.

Outline
Waiting lists Numbers and Investment Under the Waiting List Initiative
Consultant Manpower
Acute Hospital Bed Designations,1999
References

From the Paper
"Everyone has a statutory right to free public hospital care in Ireland. Yet this entitlement cannot be met and is not met by public hospital services, as can be seen by the existence of long waiting lists. This is the main cause that 45% of the population is covered by private health insurance. People who are afraid of being left on a waiting list for months and even years in case of illness prefer to hedge their bets and buy into private health insurance, this is according to ESRI research. John Gormely of Green Party said in Dail debate referring to the ESRI report (2005) " it reveals the stark reality of Ireland's two-tier healthcare system. According to the study the quality of Ireland's health service is ranked at 21st out of 22 wealthier countries and is only ahead of the United States". "

Tags:waiting, list, hospital, consulatant, doctor