Abstract
This paper carefully details the events that led up to the Manifest Destiny as well as the events proceeding it. It states facts by chronological order and commentary on the events of that time. It explains how that period in the United States was a period of Westward Expansion, when the United States expanded and gained independence from Great Britain.

From the Paper
"On July 4, 1776, thirteen British colonies on the east coast of North America announced their independence from Great Britain. Those colonies included Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island. Vermont joined the rebellion in 1777."

Tags:Manifest, Destiny, United, States, 1776, Great, Britain, Independence, colonies, revolution

Abstract
This paper takes a look at the term Manifest Destiny, coined by John O'Sullivan in 1837 in his "The Great Nation of Futurity", which attempted to explain and justify American expansion and westward movement. The paper holds that Manifest Destiny was sown into the fabric of American history even before O'Sullivan came up with the term. It traces the idea back to similar views held by Samuel Danforth's election sermon of 1670, as well as to Andrew Jackson's Second Annual Message to Congress. The paper explains that men used a collection of rhetorical tools such as paternalism, veiled benevolence, analogous conditions, the God argument, metaphors and exceptionalism to appeal to white Anglo- Christians to push and fulfill America's Manifest Destiny. Lastly, the paper asserts that the meaning of the term has changed today. The paper concludes that the United States no longer uses Manifest Destiny to seek land, but rather to spread American influence around the world as an uninterrupted political authority.

From the Paper
"The Monroe Doctrine established the idea that the western hemisphere is hands off from European nations. The Monroe Doctrine and manifest destiny go hand to hand. The Monroe Doctrine came into being because of the threat to our security by Russian imperialist. It is believed that manifest destiny was to not only spread out to the West but also include modern day Canada, Mexico, Cuba and surrounding islands. The Monroe Doctrine sought to curb other nations, especially European powers desire to expand in the United States backyard. The purchase of Alaska was to stop Russian expansion in North America. Also, the United States wanted to provoke fear in Spain and France from expanding to Cuba and Latin America. The United States did not want any other country other than themselves to lay claim on this side of the globe. Beyond the Pacific Ocean shoreline with the U.S., manifest destiny set its eye on Hawaii. There was enormous "economic, political, and military power" of the United States that heavily influenced Hawaiian politics (Kagan 325). In 1893, the United States with the help of "light-skinned property owners" over threw the monarchy and Queen Liliuokalani (325-326)."

Tags:democracy, imperialism, native, Americans

Abstract
This paper discusses the US concept of manifest destiny and relates that the general perception of the concept is rather hard to determine. The paper points out that, at times, throughout the decades, the presidents of the United States have made use of this concept with little consideration of the initial meaning. The paper also points out that, in the beginning, the political environment in the U.S. was that the mission of the country was to promote the values of the American Revolution, freedom and liberty in the region. Today, however, the banner of manifest destiny is used to justify the supremacy of the U.S. as it wages the war on terror throughout the world with the declared aim of making the world a safer place.

From the Paper
"An interesting point related to the issue of manifest destiny is the actual use of the notion and its meaning for the collective mentality of a people. The idea that the United States has a mission above the worldly considerations of politics and foreign and internal affairs tends to motivate people for a cause. This could have been one of the reasons for which the notion was used throughout the conduct of foreign policy. In this sense, the Civil War represents an eloquent example."

Tags:supremacy, monroe doctrine, collective mentality, civil war, security council

Abstract
This paper explains that Manifest Destiny, which began with the New York journalist, John Louis O'Sullivan, in 1845, was held by the Democratic Republicans during the presidency of James Madison to provide a sense of mission to citizens by using the phrase to promote and justify territorial expansion across the North American continent. The author points out that another desire of the politicians and leaders was the acquisition of new lands because land represented potential wealth, income, freedom, and self-sufficiency. The paper stresses that, as the citizens of the United States spread westward, intense conflict developed with the Native Americans and with Mexicans in Texas; Manifest Destiny was one of the driving factors behind the Mexican-American War of 1846, which resulted in the loss of nearly half of Mexico's territory to the United States and the long-term destabilization of that country.

From the Paper
"Because of economic difficulties in the United States in the 1840s, many young settlers started leaving America for the Oregon Territory. The journey was rough and difficult. Most of the people walked the 2000-mile journey. Only the pregnant women, the sick, and the elderly were allowed to ride in the wagons. There were many fights with the Native Americans along the route and the possession of land caused them to continue fighting once they arrived. During the westward expansion, the Native Americans were greatly affected and were in a constant struggle for survival. They competed with frontiersmen for the fur trade, for land with settlers moving to Oregon, and with the Mexicans farming in Texas. New settlers were encroaching on their native lands constantly and their way of life was being challenged."

Tags:oregon, texas, mexico, war, madison

Abstract
This paper examines how the two most influential events that shaped American history and impacted a good portion of the globe were the advent of industrialization and the spread of "Manifest Destiny," especially in the late 18th century and throughout the years of the 19th century. It looks at how global industrialization or that associated with the rise, progression, and effect of industry on national governments and societies altered the face of many nations by eliminating the long-held system of agrarianism and replacing it with massive industrial growth. It also discusses how "Manifest Destiny," usually associated with American policy during the later years of the 19th century and well into the 20th century, allowed expansionism into many regions of the world through the idea that it was America's God-given right to possess and maintain all those societies that threatened American capitalism and its democratic systems.

From the Paper
"In the years prior to the Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, two of the greatest social/political problems facing America and foreign nations were based on the continuing struggle between the poor and the wealthy classes and the existence of "Manifest Destiny," broadly defined as an ostensibly benevolent or necessary policy of imperialistic expansion. Domestically, America was burdened by a financial panic in the 1890's which upset the lives of the urban poor and made the wealthy even more prosperous. In the cities, people demanded democratic change in many areas, such as the twelve-hour work day, the dangerous conditions in American factories, the exploitation of immigrant laborers, corporate resistance to labor unions, political corruption in local and state governments, child labor laws, inadequate wages and most importantly the on-going concentration of wealth by such "Robber Barons" as J. P. Morgan and the Vanderbilts."

Tags:class, revolution, government, technology

Abstract
This paper looks at "Manifest Destiny" , a reference to the inevitable expansion of the territorial boundaries of the United States westward to the Pacific Ocean and beyond. It discusses how the concept of "Manifest Destiny" was frequently used by American expansionists to justify the U.S. annexation of Texas, Oregon, New Mexico, California, and later U.S. involvement in Alaska, Hawaii, and the Philippines. It provides an examination of the factors that influenced the expansion of the country westward during the 1840s and 1850s, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.

Outline
Introduction
Background and Overview
Immigration
Slavery
Improvements in Transportation
Innovations in Agriculture
Availability of Native American Land and Resources
California Gold Rush -- 1848

From the Paper
"In the 40 years before the Civil War, the rate of urban growth was not confined to the East, but it was the most dramatic there; in fact, by 1860, more than a third of the people living in the Northeast were urban residents, compared with only 14 percent of westerners and 7 percent of southerners. "Although the majority of northerners still lived on farms or in small farm towns, the region was clearly urbanizing" (Nash & Jeffrey 2001:335). As a result, tens of thousands of people headed North seeking work in major metropolitan areas in factories of all sizes. At this point, cities of all sizes grew. "The population of New York and Philadelphia doubled and tripled.""

Tags:oregon, revolution, slavery, texas, trail, westward, gold, rush

Abstract
This paper argues that Walt Whitman's "Leaves of Grass" represents a distillation of the central theme of American literature, which is the projection of "manifest destiny". The latter is explained to be the idea that the American nation is destined to establish democracy throughout the world, and that this destiny is somehow a divinely conceived one. The paper begins with a short overview of American literature since the revolutionary period and then tries to present the case that Whitman's "Leaves of Grass" represents a culmination of the trend described above. The paper also shows how Whitman is deliberately trying to create a culture of democracy that does not refer to the political institutions, and that he wants his book to be the critical stimulus towards the development of such a culture. Finally, the paper considers the significance of "Leaves of Grass" in the scheme of history as a whole and explains that Whitman's scope is global, and that his theme is humanity itself.

From the Paper
"We now come to relate how Leaves of Grass comes to fit into the scheme of American literature as a whole. Published in 1951, Melville's novel was severely ignored at the time, and it wasn't until the mid-20th century that its significance was properly discovered. However the appearance of The Scarlet Letter in 1850 and Moby Dick in 1851 clearly points to the emergence of a definitive American epic. Despite the profundity and scope of these two novels, they were not seen as epics because they were committed in prose. The traditional vehicle of the epic is poetry. According to Sir Philip Sidney, only poetry is able to fill "the mind with desire to be worthy, and inform with counsel how to be worthy," (119) these being the key characteristics of the epic. Also, according to Bakhtin, the epic must find its roots in a national tradition (17). Georg Lukacs adds that the epic must give form to the totality of life (92). "

Tags:democracy, freedom, America

Abstract
This paper discusses the life of the settlers during this period who believed that it was their God-given right to settle America. It looks at how this attitude affected relationships with the Native Americans and the rest of the people living in the country at the time. It also examines the hardships they encountered and a glimpse at the life they lead.

Introduction
Effects of Manifest Destiny
Annihilation of the Buffalo
Settlers and Native Americans
Moral Considerations
Religion and the Puritans
Alternatives for Change
Native Americans and Their Land
Personal Beliefs
Conclusion

From the Paper
"There were both positive and negative effects of manifest destiny and the move westward. On the positive side, many of the ideals of the east were brought out to the west. Some of these included government, religion, culture, and democracy. These were good things that the settlers brought with them, and they became very important in founding colonies, cities, and towns in the west. Having more land also gave the United States more trading power with countries such as Asia, and the manufacturing that developed in the west made America more efficient and self-reliant. The settlers could obtain or make many goods that had previously been obtained only by trade with other countries (Manifest Destiny, 2003)."

Tags:native, american, oregan, trail, buffalo, puritan

Abstract
This is a paper that presents the concept of manifest destiny as applicable to the new world and the justifications of its imperialistic actions.

Abstract
This paper discusses how "manifest destiny" was a term coined by President Polk to disguise his intentions of getting as much territory as he could. The author feels that President Polk goaded Mexico into a war that easily could have been avoided as the Americans saw that it was their right and necessity to keep expanding westward into Mexico's land and Spanish territory. This paper examines the events of the 1840s, when U.S. President James Polk wanted to purchase Mexican territories of California and New Mexico for annexing them to America. It shows that upon Mexico's refusal to sell that piece of land, the United States invaded Mexico, defeated it and forcibly occupied about half of the Mexican territory. The war, which started in 1846, ended with the defeat of Mexico and signing of a treaty at Guadeloupe Hidalgo in 1848. The paper shows how, according to the treaty, Mexico had to hand over Texas, New Mexico and California, thus being deprived of about one half of its own territory and a vast treasure of land and natural resources.

From the Paper
"Looking back we see that the American greed for land did not subside with the conquest of Mexico. With the discovery of gold in and around California, Americans began to migrate [referred to as the Gold Rush in history], towards California. To speed up the migration process, the need of railroads was identified. President Franklin Pierce dispatched James Gadsden to Mexico to strike a deal for the purchase of those lands, which lay south of Gila River between the borders of the two nations. Because Mexico had still not overcome the effects of their defeat of 1848 and because the government there was in absolute need of money, it agreed to the sale of a huge triangle of land across southern Arizona and New Mexico at a total cost of $10 million. In history this deal is known as Gasden Purchase."

Tags:Guadeloupe, Hidalgo, Mexican, American, War, James, Polk