Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the feasibility of the proposed mandatory health insurance in Oregon. The writer looks at the possible problems connected with this proposed policy. The writer discusses that a significant unforeseen problem is that criminalizing low income citizens for being unable to afford health insurance may be in conflict with the constitutional guarantee of equal protection under the law.

From the Paper
"Oregon's proposed policy that would implement mandatory health insurance requires careful study and a three dimensions of feasibility analysis, primarily because several inherent provisions of this prospective law appear to be unworkable and unenforceable. A range of other potential problems exists, but ..."

Tags:mandatory, health, insurance

Abstract
This paper examines the effects of imposing mandatory health insurance laws on all citizens of the state of Oregon. The writer discusses the financial challenges such a law would impose on low income citizens and how these citizens, that lack the financial ability to pay for insurance, would, consequently, not be able to avoid violating a mandatory health insurance law. The paper concludes that even though the framers of mandatory health insurance do not seem to have placed much value in the potential impact of unforeseen unemployment and do not seem to have much regard for the guarantees provided under equal protection under the law, these factors are directly relevant and must be evaluated. This document appends some of the sources used in writing this paper.

Outline:
Impact/Effectiveness Analysis
Workability Analysis
Efficiency Analysis

From the Paper
"Oregon's proposed policy that would implement mandatory health insurance requires careful study and a three dimensions of feasibility analysis, primarily because several inherent provisions of this prospective law appear to be unworkable and unenforceable. A range of other potential problems exists, but a significant unforeseen problem is that criminalizing low income citizens for being unable to afford health insurance may be in conflict with the constitutional guarantee of equal protection under the law."

Tags:health, care, reform, Massachusetts, medical, coverage, administration

Abstract
This paper discusses nationalized health insurance, predominantly in Canada, including what such health insurance covers. The paper offers comparisons to the U.S. healthcare system, identifying its advantages and many disadvantages. The complexities of healthcare systems are enumerated in light of both the American and Canadian approaches to health insurance.

From the Paper
"Most countries' healthcare systems are intended to provide quality health care at a reasonable cost, but few can achieve one without sacrificing the other. Although in general, people with higher incomes can afford better care, the adage that "You get what you pay for" does not always apply. There are simply too many variables that affect the quality and costs of medical care. Commissioner Roy Romanow Q.C. is quoted as saying "Health care has often been described as the most complex organizational structure in existence..."

Tags:nationalized health insurance, socialized medicine, U.S., Canada

Abstract
This paper examines the health insurance market failure in the United States which is characterized by an ever growing number of Americans that are uninsured. The paper explains the impact on society of the health insurance market failure, and evaluates various private or governmental actions and options to address the consequences of this problem, which include unnecessary suffering and higher costs resulting from deferred and delayed health care intervention..."

From the Paper
"According to an essay published online by Answers.com, a market failure is an economic term that describes a situation in any given market in which the quantity of a product made available to consumers is not equal to the quantity supplied by suppliers. It is a direct result of a lack of certain economically ideal factors which prevents equilibrium. Market failures have negative effects on the economy. In other words, the social costs of producing the goods or service are not minimized..."

Tags:Health Insurance Market Failure, Economic Theory, Supply and Demand, Government Actions, Consequences, Underwriting, Regulation, Peer-Reviewed, Moral Persuasion, Consumers

Abstract
This paper examines the State Children's Health Insurance Program that is jointly funded by federal and state governments and is administered by the state. The paper examines the complexities of the program, its effectiveness, and some of the limitations imposed by war based on political decisions made in connection with the types of healthcare services that will be available to enrollees, particularly as they relate to reproductive health issues.

From the Paper
"The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) is jointly financed by the federal and state governments and administered by the states. Within broad federal guidelines, each state determines the design of its program along with eligibility groups, benefit packages, payment levels and administrative and operating procedures. The SCHIP program began on October ... and was intended to provide ... billion in federal matching funds over ten years to help states expand health care coverage to more than five million children without health insurance. The goal of this program was and..."

Tags:State Children's Health Insurance Programs, Federal and State Funding, Qualifications, Requirements, Expectations, Elected Officials, Bureaucracies, Social Work, Social Issues, Reproductive Health

Abstract
The paper discusses the issue of health insurance for public school employees including a summary of the problem, findings and a conclusion.

From the Paper
"Health insurance costs for public school employees have escalated dramatically in recent years. Across the United States, public school systems are confronting a number of issues regarding the provision of health insurance to school employees, many of whom receive mandatory health insurance benefits under union contracts negotiated through the collective bargaining practice. As noted by Adelman and Cross, the problem is exacerbated by the fact that many collective bargaining agreements which offer retirement benefits also require school districts to continue subsidizing..."

Tags:public school employees, health insurance

Abstract
This paper discusses the health care crisis in the United States. The paper notes that health care costs have been rising beyond the rate of inflation for quite some time, and many Americans are starting to realize the severity of the issue. The paper examines the causes of the problem and discusses solutions that will help to minimize it. To analyze the situation, the paper looks at economic literature and then applies this economic framework to the current policies that affect the health care market. The paper continues by using the same framework and analyzes alternative policies and institutions and recommends a set of policies to best address the issue. The paper is illustrated with graphs and tables.

Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Class Probability
Insurable and Uninsurable Risks
Sub-Classification of Risks
Moral Hazard of Insurance
Analysis of Current Policies and Institutions
The AMA
Moral Hazard of Health Insurance and the Problem of Sub-classification
Incentives to Use Health Insurance
Public Health Insurance
Analysis of Alternative Policies and Institutions
Limiting the Market Power of the AMA
High Deductible Health Insurance
Health Savings Accounts
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The purpose of insurance is to pool a particular risk among a group of individuals so as to reduce the amount of risk facing any one individual. Risk can be defined as the uncertainty about a particular negative outcome occurring in the future. If the perceived risk is financial in nature, then an individual may choose to pay a fraction of the cost into an insurance pool, thereby eliminating the possibility of incurring the cost in its totality."

Tags:income-elastic, economic, framework, a, risk, based, insurance, pool

Abstract
This paper discusses the problems of the number of people in the United States who cannot afford health insurance. It specifically looks at the effects of under-insurance or lack of insurance for children. The paper then discusses and analyzes S-CHIP (State Children's Health Insurance Plan), the legislation that allows states in the US to provide health insurance to more children from working class families. The paper contains tables.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The S-CHIP program has been very successful in helping solve one aspect of the healthcare problem, by providing health insurance to financially disadvantaged children who live above the poverty line. In states with vigorous S-CHIP programs, a huge number of people take advantage of S-CHIP. Other states do not pursue S-CHIP with the same vigor, and have reduced S-CHIP participation. However, every state but Tennessee shows significant numbers of children being assisted by the S-CHIP program. Moreover, state governors and legislators are very supportive of the S-CHIP program, because they have seen the real differences it has made in healthcare access for the financially disadvantaged. In fact, many states have sought to expand their state's S-CHIP eligibility requirements, because of the public response to S-CHIP availability. It is clear that S-CHIP has met its legislative goals and should be continued."

Tags:healthcare, legislation, insurance

Abstract
This paper explains that the State Child Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) is a program formulated and implemented by both federal and state governments to assist poor working families, who cannot afford private health insurance. The paper then points out SCHIP is not immune to various issues that threaten its efficacy as a federal and state program. The paper then goes on to discusses these issues involving SCHIP, together with proposals for the enhancement of the current policy. Moreover, the paper investigates prospects for the future of SCHIP, specifically those involving fiscal and economic factors that would determine the capacity of SCHIP to help federal and state governments provide health care assistance. The paper includes charts and an annotated bibliography.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Statement and Significance of the Health Policy
Related Issues and Consequences, Including Groups Supporting/Opposing the Policy
Proposals for Enhancing, Changing, or Eliminating the Health Policy
Prospects for the Future of the Health Policy
Author's Position While Critiquing the Health Policy

From the Paper
"The importance of public health care coverage becomes more apparent when the situation is viewed from the perspective of low-income children who lack private coverage. These children are shown to have persistently lagged behind children with public or private coverage when their status of health is assessed based on any measure of access to care. Since poor children have no access to preventive and primary health care, there is great and apparent disparity in the children's health status."

Tags:entitlement, low income, healthcare insurance, flexibility, eligibility standards

Abstract
The paper relates that the market for the pet health insurance industry is highly competitive. The paper explains that not only are there a significant number of existing competitors, but there are few barriers to entry and thus the constant threat of new entrants.

From the Paper
"Advantage Pet Insurance (Advantage) competes in the pet health insurance industry. Consumers of pet health insurance have a sincere concern for their pets' health and prefer to be able to offer those pets the best in veterinary care should the need arise. Advantage offers an array of pet health insurance such as accident coverage, illness coverage, dental care, accidental death, as well as liability coverage for damage to property caused by a covered pet, among a host of other related products. Additionally, these insurance products are categorized according to..."

Tags:advantage, pet, insurance