Abstract
This paper summarizes and analyzes various aspects of Claude Brown's autobiographical novel, "Manchild in the Promised Land". The paper explains the significance and meaning of the title, analyzes the main character of the book, and describes the structure, style, and tone of the book, as well as Brown's use of poetic devices.

From the Paper
"Claude's family has moved from the South to New York City. They, like many Southern blacks then, hope for more opportunity. Claude's Harlem childhood, though, is filled with violence, arrests, guns, knives, drugs, and alcohol. He turns into a juvenile delinquent. Claude wants to better himself, but feels conflicted between being the "coolest cat" in Harlem (or reform school) and escaping Harlem. From11, Claude attends Wiltwyck and Warwick. He receives encouragement from Wiltwick's director Mr. Papanek, and imagines life outside Harlem. He keeps getting pulled back in, though, by Harlem's exciting lure. Finally, after seeing friends killed and other friends' lives ruined, Claude finds strength to leave Harlem."

Tags:african, american, boy, papanek, simms, wiltwick, clever, life, style, fictionalized, account

Abstract
The paper discusses how the novel "Manchild in the Promised Land" by the African-American writer Claude Brown, tells the story of Claude and his family after their move from the South to the Northern "Promised Land" of New York City. The paper depicts how the novel reflects American culture in the struggles of a young black man in a drug, alcohol and crime-infested urban environment. The paper demonstrates how Claude was the exception to most black youths like him who remained in Harlem and therefore would be destined to adult lives of crime. The paper portrays how the author managed to rise above his early poor circumstances and succeed in life, despite the inequality of opportunities for all in urban America.

From the Paper
"The autobiographical story that Claude Brown tells within his Manchild in the Promised Land reflects realities of American culture in many key ways, e.g., in terms of the hopefulness that Americans typically bring, historically speaking, to new places and new beginnings (e.g., the Massachusetts Bay Colony; westward expansion; the northward migration of blacks after Abolition and the passage of the 13th Amendment). Claude's own family's migration takes place during a mid-20th century wave of migration of Southern blacks, from places like Georgia (where Claude's family comes from); Alabama, and Mississippi, to the big cities in search of better jobs; less racial prejudice, and a better way of life."

Tags:racism, prejudice, urban, Harlem, crime

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the book "Naked in the Promised Land," written by Lillian Faderman. Specifically, it discusses the author's relationship to men, heterosexual and homosexual. It then describes the influence of various men in her life. The paper shows how Faderman describes these relationships throughout her book.

From the Paper
"In conclusion, this memoir shows that women can rise to greatness from great adversity. Feminist Wittig writes, "We were at the same time accused of wanting to be men" (Wittig 555), but Faderman makes it quite clear she never wanted to be a man. She knew she was a beautiful woman, and she used that to her advantage. However, she always knew what was inside her, and that was feelings for other women. Wittig continues, "To refuse to be a woman, however, does not mean that one has to become a man" (Wittig 556). Faderman's life is a great example of that statement. She is in a committed loving relationship, has a son, and a fine career. She has not become a man, rather, she has become herself, and that is an important journey for anyone in life."

Tags:lesbian, homosexual, counselor

Abstract
This paper is a book review of Mary Antin's memoir "The Promised Land" which very much supports the claim that the Jewish experience in the United States was fundamentally different from the Jewish experience in Europe. Indeed, "The Promised Land" reveals the story of a Jewish woman who lived most of her life virtually free from the vicious ingredients of anti-Semitism. Not only was she not victimized by anti-Semitism, but she was able to rise to prominence through her success in writing. In many respects, Mary Antin's success as a writer, and freedom from the more pernicious aspects of anti-Semitism, epitomized the difference between the American Jewish experience and the Jewish experience in Europe. .

Abstract
This paper examines the thesis about migration and its effects in Nicholas Lemann's book "The Promised Land: The Great Black Migration and How it Changed America". It looks at how Lemann shores up his thesis, through the use of intertwined personal stories. It also evaluates the strength of Lemann's positions, especially those related to the ghetto's continuity and how the federal government could institute policies geared towards ending the problems associated with a permanent, ghetto-based black underclass. Additionally, the paper evaluates the implications of Lemann's findings in light of critical race theory and the sociology of minority group relations. Finally, the paper argues that, 15 years after its initial publication, Lemann's book and propositions remain relevant.

From the Paper
"The regrouping of this culture in the inner city therefore meant that many of the old problems were resurrected, and often intensified. As Uless Carter's later experiences show, black unemployment continued to be a problem in urban areas as well. The black migrant's dream of the promised land of economic opportunity therefore collided with the ugly reality of Chicago's south side. By the 1960s, the problem of joblessness had loomed large. Residents had to contend with slum housing conditions that had skyrocketing crime rates. Ruby Lee Haynes shows how black families struggled with dysfunction and welfare dependency. The racial crisis that loomed in the south had moved northward, and policymakers in Washington did not know how to handle or avert the crisis."

Tags:migration, urban, rural, ghetto, under, class

Abstract
An analysis of Brown's writings and conclusions following an in-depth study on the life and emotions of children growing up in Harlem and as compared to other urban slums. This paper shows that Brown's book is a semi- autobiography but not about drugs and crime. Rather it is about the frustrations the youth of Harlem face as they grow up in an environment that makes them fend for themselves.

From the Paper
"The infamous area of Harlem is still remembered as being one where poverty reigned supreme, the controlling powers were the drug Mafia and the people at large were uneducated. With all that in common one more thing controlled the lives of the residents---race. They were all African Americans marginalized in this ghetto of hell. Claude Brown in his autobiography "Manchild in the Promised Land," (1965) gave voice to the inner frustration and sense of despair that the youth of Harlem felt. He wrote what he went through and made the world realize that the brutality that he, as one young man, in a region of hundreds, faced, was the legacy of countless others who were born and died without being seen or heard. Their life was invisible to all others outside Harlem and the pain they felt was thus largely unrecognized."

Tags:youth, urban, slum, harlem

Abstract
This paper explains that Edite Cunha's "Talking in the New Land" demonstrates her great effort, living in a melting pot and trying to find her role in the family. The author points out that Cunha shows the struggle of being the interpreter for her family with great credibility, strong emotions and logic. The paper relates that Cunha gains credibility by using anecdotes of her younger self and by showing her emotions at each time. The author underscores that, when the young Edite is either forced to speak English or has to translate from English to Portuguese for her father, her feelings are always cold and fearful. The paper suggest that Cunha is trying to impress upon the readers that often with learning the public language the consequences are negative.

From the Paper
"In the beginning of the essay, when Edite is explaining her name, her words are filled with love, "in naming their daughters Maria, my people were expressing their love and reverence for their Lady of Fatima." But when in an English school she explains, "I never knew quite who I was" when her teacher changed her name to sound more American. Another example of intense emotion was when the young Edite and her father go to the Employment division and Edite reads the words on the doorway she recalls, "there was a growing coldness deep inside me.""

Tags:struggle emotion family, melting pot, interpreter anecdotes

Abstract
This paper explains that Christians living in the Holy Land are not only subjected to the oppression of being linked and grouped with the subjugated Palestinians but also have the disadvantage of being further subjugated by Palestinian Muslims. The author points out that the mass exodus of Christians from the area is dependent upon economic and human rights issues. The paper concludes that the kind of Islamism and nationalism, which are required to over throw a powerful interest like Israel, will likely continue to be spurred on by powers who overlook and even overtly discriminate against Christians of any form and from any place.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Historical Background
The Present Situation of Christians Living in the Holy Land
Conclusions and Summary

From the Paper
"The final group supporting this issue of Islamization of the Palestinian problem, is one that even more clearly demonstrates the Islamic ideal of the "Palestinian problem," Hamas, which clearly expresses the idea that the Palestinian issue is an Islamic issue and to alter the landscape and reassert power over Palestine (virtually taking back all land from the Jewish State) will be solved through Jihad "holy war" with those who oppress Islam and support oppressors. The resulting situation is again an oversimplification of the indigenous diversity of the region."

Tags:israel islamization persecution, collective rebirth, misunderstandings

Abstract
This paper considers the treatment of sexuality in Lydia Child's short story, "She Waits in the Spirit Land." The story is an exploration of love between two young Indians.

From the Paper
"In her short story She Waits in the Spirit Land, Lydia Maria Child explores the love between two young Indians. Though the couple is not married in an official sense they are deeply committed to one another and clearly enjoy the sexual aspect of their ..."

Tags:child, sexuality, nature, natural, spirit, indian, setting

Abstract
'Waste' can mean both a dry, infertile, inhospitable place, or the failure to make productive use of one's resources. This paper examines how T.S. Eliot's poem, "The Waste Land", embodies both of each seemingly diametrically opposed concepts to describe the social, cultural and spiritual dislocation in Europe following the First World War. Although modern life and culture may be seen to suffer from exile in a land of waste, such eras may be cyclical, and his brilliant use of fragmentary allusions suggests that the best of the past may foreshadow a brighter future.

From the Paper
"By setting 'Waste' off as a separate word from 'Land', Eliot suggests to the reader that the various meanings of the term are key to an understanding of his message. Rather than referring to a wasteland (in the conventional sense of "desert"), the poem instead centers on the concept of a land both of desolation and of conspicuous, indiscriminate consumption, a land whose resources are not utilized but rather discarded on a purulent cultural garbage dump. The rich allusions within the poem both contrast and relate these seemingly opposed concepts. The first segment, 'Burial of the Dead', introduces the theme of the turning of the seasons, and more importantly, the theme of cyclical regeneration. In nature, waste is irrelevant. Although death occurs in all forms of life, the bodies of the dead furnish the hope of renewal to other living creatures. "

Tags:waste, land, eliot