Abstract The paper explains that corporate value is an objective assessment of how well the company is managed. The paper analyzes the creation, managing, measuring and occurrence of corporate value in the current competitive business environment. The paper shows how defining corporate valuation requires a careful analysis of the corporation's financial data, share holder price, management methods, such as communication, and the overall manner in which the corporation is run.
Outline:
Introduction
Measuring Corporate Valuation
Creating Corporate Value
ManagingCorporate Value
Conclusion
From the Paper "In recent years, competition among corporations involved in all sectors of business industries has dramatically increased, bolstering the significance placed on "corporate value." With increased competition and greater awareness among investors, new and innovative ways of measuring corporate performance are being developed (Girotra, 2001). These corporations have recognized the need for customer-driven quality, which can only be implemented through a strong, adaptable, and effective form of management. As a result, corporations must be committed to create, manage, and measure corporate value as a determination of the business' financial success or failure."
Abstract This paper analyzes the issue of women in management and working within a changing corporate culture. The problem of women's careers stuck in middle management is explored, as well as the glass ceiling effect. The changes taking place for women within the corporate culture and the influences on corporate/organizational culture are examined.
From the Paper "The proportion of women participating in the labor force in the United States and across the globe has increased dramatically in recent years resulting in ..."
Abstract This paper considers organizational management through the lens of corporate labor management in Canada and China. It is shown that culture matters when managingcorporations, as the different approaches to labor in Canada and China are found to influence the ways business operates in those countries. Some suggestions are made for how labor management can be handled as globalization increases.
From the Paper "It has only been with the recent introduction of market-based initiatives, coupled with the incredible growth of the economy and the emergence of an industrial sector, that the possibility for organizing has arisen. So what are the relevant characteristics of corporate management of labor for our analysis here? Peter Chow argues that the incredible rise of the Chinese economy has been driven by two major factors: (1) effective transition of agricultural workers to industrial jobs, and (2) infusion of direct foreign investment. Both of these developments has been critical, he argues, but he suggests that for the global economy it is the foreign investment that holds most potential to impact labor's standing in China."
Abstract In this article, the writer critically evaluates the key success factors that corporations that are successfully managingcorporate entrepreneurship programs have in common as well as which factors vary. The writer addresses the issue of how competitors to companies who have successfully put corporate entrepreneurship programs into place attempt to create comparable entrepreneurial climates and copy processes proven to be successful. Four companies who have successfully used corporate entrepreneurship programs are used as the basis of this analysis.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Introducing IBM's Emerging Business Opportunity (EBO) Unit
Nokia's Approach to Corporate Entrepreneurship
Toshiba's Unorthodox Laptop Journey
Trilogy Software and the Indian Corporate Entrepreneurship Connection
Summary
References
From the Paper "The EBO process within IBM quickly became one that had three parameters associated with project progress. These include project-based milestones, financials, and assessments of the specific business' maturity. As IBM's culture is heavily focused on metrics of performance, additional milestones included market acceptance including the number of customer pilots, customer references and design-ins, mentions by key industry analysts, product development checkpoints, internal execution, and software vendor partnerships. EBO-based initiatives also were staffed with the most senior members of the management team, and while these seasoned veterans complained they felt they were being actually demoted, in fact EBO leadership gave them the opportunity to gain a higher level of visibility than was the case before."
Abstract This paper examines whether values have an affect on organizational management. The paper explains that leaders and organizations must ensure that they can find a balance between their personal and corporate value systems. It is discusses how the values that a leader has trickles down to every aspect of the organization and are essential to the success or failure of the firm.
From the Paper "The values of a leader or manager are often reflected in the overall climate of the workplace environment. The values that are held by a leader certainly have an impact upon the manner in which situations and problems within the organization are perceived. For instance, a manager that holds a conservative set of values may react to an employee's criticisms differently than a manager with a more liberal set of values. The conservative manager may perceive that the employee is being disrespectful while the liberal manager may view the criticism simply as an opinion that can be used to make the workplace environment better. In any case, these perceptions are dependent upon the types of values that a manager brings to the table. These values can have a positive or negative impact on the perception that the leader has about problems and situations that occur within the organization."
Abstract The paper discusses how management in the private and public sectors respond when the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) changes its regulations. The paper looks at OSHA regulatory changes and offers an evaluation of management theories and strategies from both the planning and controlling functions of management.
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From the Paper "The Planning function that management is obliged to work through should begin with the notion that leaders are "proactive" and accept change - even create change - rather than reacting to it, according to the Management / Supervision unit in the Dallas County Community College District (DCCC). So, the point here is, whenever possible management should already anticipate changes in OSHA rules when possible; the future "...requires corporate leadership" that has the kind of skills "to integrate many unexpected and seemingly diverse events into its planning" strategies. That having been said, it is not likely that management can accurately anticipate what new rules and regulations OSHA is likely to put into place at any given moment. But through strategic planning - which includes analyzing a company's mission, its goals, its customer base and the allocation of its resources - management should be better prepared to anticipate what to do when changes in the OSHA legislation are handed down. Rather than using strategic planning only on an annual basis, the DCCCD supervision module asserts that strategic planning should be continuous process, to "permit quicker response to changing conditions" - precisely what happens when OSHA rules suddenly are amended or revised. Moreover, a strong management team - that has embraced strategic planning strategies regularly - should be able to see OSHA rule modifications coming when a workplace accident occurs in a corporation that produces items or products in a similar marketplace. If unsafe conditions resulted in injuries somewhere else, management in all other venues with similar workplace environments should begin making preparations in order to address and respond to upcoming changes in OSHA rules."
Abstract Using the case of Enron as a backdrop, this paper asks and answers several questions relating to the prosecution of management in corporate crime. The questions involve which laws are broken in the current cases at issue; whether prosecution should include accounting firms and the CFO, how much authority managers have in accounting activities, whether managers should be prosecuted if they had no role in the crime, whether prosecution is becoming a deterrent,and whether corporations are exempt from criminal prosecution?
From the Paper "Recently, a number of headline-grabbing cases, such as the accounting fraud that existed at the Enron Corporation, have highlighted the role of management at various corporations and in the financial industry, in the commission of corporate crime. The role of accountants and the major corporate accounting firms, as well as the chief financial advisors of corporations and the management personnel whom may or may not be aware of illegal accounting activities, are now under strict scrutiny by the SEC."
Abstract Belo Corporation is a news information and content provider that operates primarily across the North and Southwest parts of the US. Its primary lines of business are television, newspapers, World Wide Web content, and cable news products. For the fiscal year that ended December 31, 2005, Belo recorded earnings in excess of $1.5 billion, which represented a very slight increase over the previous fiscal year. Belo operates 19 television stations which combine to reach an approximate 13.8% of the US viewing audience at any given period; it manages four daily newspapers of which the Dallas Morning News is the largest; and Belo operates just over 30 websites that combine total over 100 million hits a month. This paper examines Belo Corporation, looking at its lines of business, operations, earnings and management.
Abstract This paper analyzes the company management philosophy and style of the Hershey Company (Hershey). It describes Hershey's corporate citizenship, as well as its corporate structure and orientation. The paper shows how Hershey's management style, structure and oversight have been effective throughout its history. Finally, the paper shows how Hershey's success can be attributed to its religious focus on ethical leadership and guidance, based on the spirit of philanthropy.
Table of Contents:
Company Overview
Management Philosophy
Corporate Citizenship
Corporate Structure and Orientation
Conclusion
From the Paper "Hershey is a top down management style enterprise. While it likes to emphasize that its employees are empowered and that its corporate culture is one of inclusion, most public companies in the current business climate cannot afford to be a bottom up managed company. The corporate structure at Hershey is typical in that it is overseen by an independent Board of Directors (BoD) who, "together with the Compensation and Executive Organization Committee, monitor the performance of the CEO"("Company"). This degree of oversight extends into the company's operations as well. The BoD review the corporate strategic plan annually in order to ensure that the company's corporate strategy is appropriate for the market and emerging market developments ("Company"). Additionally, public companies are further restricted in their managerial latitude by reporting and oversight requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley legislation. Sarbanes-Oxley essentially creates another added layer of bureaucracy within public companies because of the compliance and cost issues associated with meeting Sarbanes-Oxley regulatory requirement."
Abstract This paper provides an overview of the Management Information System industry. It shows that although this area of management is not in any way new it has taken on increasing importance. The paper shows that to a great extent, this field has spawned new industries and gigantic corporations and MIS has created a new breed of managers on organizational charts such as Director of MIS; Manager of Information System; Manager of Corporate systems and other similar titles.
From the Paper "According to Occupational Outlook Handbook, the average starting salary in 2001 for a high-level information technology manager and MIS graduate ranged from $92,250 to $152,500. According to a 2002 survey by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, starting salary offer for those with an MBA or Technical Undergraduate Degree with 1 year or less experience averaged $61,196 annually. While for those with a Master's Degree in management information system and business data processing averaged $57,225 [Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2002]."
Tags:corporations, career, internet, U.S., Commerce, Department
Abstract This paper explains that there are three types of business ownerships: sole proprietorship, partnership and a corporation; and then takes a look at what is required of a business manager in any type of business. The paper describes the major components of a business, detailing the many and varied responsibilities of the business manager and how they relate to these components. The paper also points out that one of the roles of the business manager involves being responsible for important decisions.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Forms of Business Ownership
Proprietorship
Partnership
The Corporation Major Components of a Business
Production
Marketing
Finance
Forecasting
Personnel Management The Task of Management Administration and Organization
Control
Relations with Government
Conclusion
From the Paper "The major advantage of the corporate form of ownership is that investors can limit their personal liability to the amount of money they have invested. If the corporation goes bankrupt [5], they can lose no more than they have put in. Another advantage is that money to run the business is usually obtained by the sale of stock, or ownership, to the general public; this makes raising money for operations easier and enables the corporation to exist independently of its owners. Corporations also find it easier to borrow money. Perhaps most important, the size of most corporations allows them to hire professional managers or administrators to run them."
Abstract This paper explains that some of the human resource issues identified for the McDonald Corporation are: Low motivation and a high turnover rate within the lower tier of the workforce, balancing the needs of worker compensation and restaurant profit by the site manager, and training of the lower-tier workers on site. The author proposes a pilot project of 30 restaurants in different locations in the U.S. to test the effectiveness of using local managers and supervisors to train, motivate, and give guidance counseling. The paper stresses that, although all HR policies are the result of testing out a number of plans and strategies, it is important that management be wary of making the employees skeptical by constantly changing HR policies and agendas.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Existing Conditions in McDonald's Corporation Issues Identified and Discussed
Recommendations
Timeline for Change and Financial Cost
Conclusion
From the Paper "Human resource management is becoming a strategic planning medium for many organizations. At McDonalds, ?the corporate ethos and management system are rigidly imposed, detailed operating manuals followed to the letter and an extensive field organization checks on each store to enforce standards. Every foreign operator attends hamburger universities and international sessions with other members of "McDonald's Family".? The HR department at McDonald"s, especially at the corporate level, is becoming a strategic partner for the organization, as it is a purveyor of the most important asset a company controls"the human asset. The human element cost is the most variable for the McDonald Corporation worldwide and there are always serious analysis being conducted to ensure that this element is aggressively monitored."
Abstract This paper takes a look at corporate bonds and preferred stocks, defining both types of investments, how they differ and their strengths and weaknesses. The paper examines and explains the many factors that must be considered before one can wisely make a decision regarding an investment in corporate bonds and preferred stocks, but suggests that both bonds and preferred stocks are considered relatively safe investments and provide slow, steady growth for investors. Next, the paper describes common stocks and how they work as an investment as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this type of investment. Finally, the paper takes a look at the accounts receivable and inventory aspects of financial management and explains their importance to both the management process and to investors.
Table of Contents
Common Stocks
Accounts Receivable and Inventory
From the Paper "Preferred stocks, a class of a company's equity, are cheaper to buy and more liquid than corporate bonds. Companies issuing preferred stocks often yield 8 percent or more. Preferred stocks are closer in kin to bonds than to common stocks. They pay a fixed dividend, their price tends to stay near their par value and they usually have no voting rights. They are called preferred stocks because they stand in line ahead of common shares when it's time to pay out dividends or liquidate the company. However, preferred stockholders do not get their dividends until the bondholders have been paid. Because of this, preferred stocks are slightly more risky than bonds issued by the same company; the stockholder is paid a little extra for assuming that risk. Large corporations and banks encourage preferred stocks."
Abstract The paper analyzes all the relevant factors to be considered before one makes a decision regarding an investment. The paper examines the benefits of corporate bonds, preferred stock and common shares and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each. The paper also discusses circumstances under which firms might prefer to use debt and equity to raise funds as well as situations where an investor may have a preference. Finally, the paper examines accounts receivable and inventory aspects of financial management.
Outline:
Introduction
Overview of Corporate Structure & Investors
Corporate Bonds: Advantages & Disadvantages
Common Stock: Advantages & Disadvantages
Preferred Stock
Decisions Influencing Investments
Debt and Equity as a Means to Raise Funds
Accounts Receivable and Inventory Aspects of Financial Management Corporate Control through Stock Issuance
Conclusion
From the Paper "In the past few decades, the business world has emerged as a global financial enterprise, wherein the success of corporations and investors depends on their investment decisions. Investment decisions regarding financial matters such as corporate bonds, preferred stock and common stock have emerged as significant factors involving many advantages and disadvantages. In the past few years, many corporations have attributed corporate and financial success as the result of well-thought-out financial planning and related benefits. The available research indicates that recently, a broader perspective has risen as corporations and investors have developed techniques that help them balance financial interests of the firm and outside shareholders."
Abstract The paper examines the management planning aspect of Enron Corporation that allowed such rampant and massive corruption and investment scheming to occur, which eventually led to its downfall.
Outline:
Introduction
Management Planning Within the Organization
Impact of Legal Issues, Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility
From the Paper "At the onset, it was difficult to comprehend, how an apparently stable company could suddenly plunge into corporate bankruptcy within a short amount of time. Subsequent investigations into the company's ledgers unfortunately revealed that Enron Corporation had long suffered from a string of financial losses which were carefully left out in their financial reports to their investors and shareholders. Enron Corporation's method of corporate deceit involved the creation of offshore entities, overseas business units still under the parent company but operating under a different taxation policy and financial currency."
