Abstract This essay critically evaluates post-heroic leadership in the light of the leadership theories. It does this by first demonstrating how complicated and contested the term "leadership" is. It then gives a brief summary of Huey's understanding of what post-heroic leadership is. The essay critically evaluates post-heroic leadership (as Huey sees it) through the perspective of the Trait theories of leadership, the behavioral theories of leadership (through a close look at the Michigan studies), the contingency theories, and the more modern Transactional and Transformational leadership models.
From the Paper "Even when experts agree that management and leadership are different concepts, experts still disagree as to what the reasons are for this difference (Robbins, 1998). Greenberg and Baron claim that the primary function of a leader is to "create the essential purpose or mission of an organization and the strategy for attaining it" (Greenberg & Baron, 1997, p434). They then contrast this with what they say is the job of a manager: to implement the vision that the leader has come up with. They therefore believe that the difference between the leader and the manager is that manager's cope with "complexity", whereas leaders cope with "change" (Greenberg & Baron, 1998). They claim that the confusion between these two terms stems from the fact that the distinction between establishing a mission and implementing it is often blurred in practice. This is because many leaders are called upon not only to come up with the vision, but also to help manage and implement it. Another reason for the difficulty in attempting to distinguish between managers and leaders is that, while many managers do not make good leaders, a substantial proportion of managers do (Greenberg & Baron: 1998). "
Tags: behavioural, contingency, heroic, leadership, post, theories, trait, transactional, transformational
Abstract This essay discusses the archetype theory of Jung. The writer looks at some of the archetypes Jung proposes. The writer also discusses a book by Carol Pearson on this subject, which expands on six archetypes that she considers important in life: orphan, wanderer, warrior, altruist, innocent, magician.
From the Paper "In his analysis of patients' dreams, Carl Jung recognized that the archetypal images which recurred could also be found in myths, legends and the art of ancient peoples and also in contemporary literature, art and religion. These archetypes help people connect with the Eternal and make mysteries more accessible by providing many images. In religion this is evidenced by the Catholic faith which distinguishes The Father The Son and The Holy Ghost and in Buddhism in which the one Buddha is divisible into then then facets .."
Abstract This paper explores the psychosexual conflict between the hero archetype and feminine archetype in a group of Stevens' poems and underscores how that conflict supplements or surprises customary readings. It focuses on the poet-hero as the central figure of sexual polarity, distinct from biography and contemporary critical approaches, and thus humanizes many abstract stick-figures.
From the Paper "One of the constructive ways to get at the abstractions and ambiguities in the poetry of Wallace Stevens is to reify the diverse speakers of his poems as a single protagonist-an archetype of the poet-and to treat this meta-Stevens as the psychosexual hero of his own poems. Archetypes and archetypal patterns abound in poetry, but it is plain that in Stevens more than in other modern poets the primary conflict beneath the surface of many of his poems is a conflict between male and females archetypes, and the poet-hero's self-protective ambivalence between creation and procreation as competitors. Stevens invites this archetypal reading because the female figures in his work, young and old, are archetypal sketches or women without biographies. To analyze the poet-hero's psychosexual interaction with these figures turns conventional interpretations of Stevens' poetry on their head and uncovers fresh and comprehensible vantage points on his work."
Abstract In this paper, the character analysis of these sixteen dramatic and literary figures present a fictional account of how they would be seated and how they would interact at a dinner party. It looks at how the dinner is presented and how these fictional characters would most likely behave under the circumstances.
From the Paper "The aim of this literary study will be examine a fictional account of a formal dinner party with sixteen famous literary and dramatic figures. By examining these characters within the dinner party environment, one can realize how they compare and contrast each other in their dialogue and behaviors. In essence, the hero of the party would be Holden from the novel Catcher in the Rye, since he has such an in depth perspective on life and how people interact with one another during the night's festivities. The formal dinner will have a sixteen person seating arrangement that will suit the similar behaviors and mannerisms associated with each character."
Abstract This literarystudy analyzes the morality and racial issues that arise within three works by James Baldwin. By analyzing "Go Tell It On the Mountain", "Another Country", and "Going to Meet the Man", one can realize the victimization that racism places within the philosophy of Baldwin's characters. By understanding these characters within a white racist environment, the premise for victimization within a racist construct is brought forth through an African-American perspective. The evolutionary basis of victimization in "Go Tell It on the Mountain" by James Baldwin relates the story of a young man, John Grimes, who must learn to abide by a religious moral standard in his life. The victimization of this tale is conveyed through a moral idiom, as both of John's parents have led lives of betrayal and infidelity.
Abstract This paper explores different types of literary programs with a focus on the strengths and weaknesses of phonics.
From the Paper "Phonics instruction is often considered to be one of the key instructional techniques in reading. With its objective of teaching early readers to establish the relationships between letters and sounds, phonics instruction is considered to be crucial to the development of early literacy skills. In fact, national organizations such as the National Reading Panel argue that successful readers must possess phonic awareness skills and phonic skills. An obvious reason why phonics instruction should be used in the classroom is that early readers will..."
Tags:Literary Development Birth-Grade 6, phonics, balanced literary programs
Abstract The paper provides a discussion of new historicism and theories of the unconscious as the basis for literary criticism. The paper explains new historicism as a theory of textual critique. The paper quotes Jung and Lucan.
From the Paper "Among the literary and critical theories that gained currency over the course of the ?th century, two strands of thought in particular resonate new historicism and aspects of neo psychoanalytic theory that touch on unconscious processes that operate not so much at the individual as at the social level where experience is shared and unconscious processes are collectively enacted, via encounters between and among inmates of the community to shape human experience."
Tags: Unconscious, Lacan, New, Historicism, Literary, theory
Presentation of information in two studies, " Does Sarcasm Always Sting?" and "An Examination of Adoloscents Who Were and Were Not Exposed to 'Teens Stopping AIDS'", followed by a comparative analysis of the studies, a worldview and an evaluation.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 2 sources, 2002, $ 62.95
Abstract Providing an in-depth analysis of the content, methods, and intent of research helps us not only to achieve a greater understanding of the actual implications of the study in question, but also to assist us in determining the applicability of the study to our own research. This paper examines two very different studies for just these elements. Within the analysis, we will look at several aspects of each to demonstrate that, with careful reading, we can determine the relevance and strength of published research. The two studies chosen for this comparative analysis are: Penny M. Pexman and Kara M. Olineck's "Does Sarcasm Always Sting? Investigating the Impact of Ironic Insults and Ironic Compliments", and Yuko Mizuno and May Kennedy's "An Examination of Adolescents Who Were and Were Not Exposed to 'Teens Stopping AIDS'". What this paper will first present is basic information about each of the studies including the theory and key concepts advanced in the article, a description of the research proposed, including the hypotheses and research questions, a description of the methodology, and finally a description of the findings themselves. Second, this paper will determine the Worldview of the research and how that worldview affects the ontological assumptions being made within the work. Then, it will examine the epistemological and axiological assumptions being made. Finally, using Littlejohn's criteria, the theory of each will be evaluated.
Abstract This paper analyzes curriculum development for social studies, following the idea that social studies is an important part of the school experience and also the idea that how the subject is taught can always be approved. Included in the discussion are new methods of delivery, such as computer teaching. The paper also looks at what is being taught rather than how.
From the Paper "Wassermann (2001) worked on the development of a CD-Rom to teach social studies to the eleventh grade, a challenge that entailed rethinking what would be taught as well as how to impart the knowledge involved. There is a constant tension between those who believe that various media can enhance the educational experience and those who see media as standing between teacher and student. The author notes that in fact, electronic media of various sorts have reshaped the educational experience almost completely."
This essay explores the problems associated with the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. It weighs the ethical elements with the scientific purpose of the study to decide whether this was indeed a beneficial experiment or simply a federally funded genocide.
Abstract This essay was designed to explore the moral and ethical implications of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. The essay opens with the breaking of the story by the Associated press, and then follows it to its conclusion in 1975. The paper debates the moral and ethical nature with the scientific benefits of the study. Susan M. Reverby's book titled "Tuskegee's Truths: Rethinking the Tuskegee Syphilis Study", is cited many times throughout the essay. While this essay is important for the historical information provided, it also puts the study in it's time, exploring the effects it had on the Civil Rights movement and the future relationship of African Americans with medical society.
From the Paper "The Associated Press brought to light the history and existence of a forty year old study of syphilis in Tuskegee, Alabama. Four hundred men with syphilis and two hundred men without, generally poor and uneducated, all of them African American, had been receiving regular physical examinations, but received no treatment for their syphilis. The story was scandalous and controversial. Close on the heels of the Civil Rights movement and just at the height of the Vietnam War, the expos? of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study shocked the public and ignited waves of suspicion that would hover over Public Health Services and the Federal government like a dense, dark cloud. Central to the outrage was the fact that the Tuskegee Syphilis Study was not being widely covered in media forums. The administrators of the study were countless, the victims were many, and those who had read articles on the study numbered in the thousands."
Tags: african, alabama, american, buxton, county, health, history, macon, medical, penicillin, public, services, study
Abstract Scientists and historians might seem to encompass two separate professional worlds, but they really complement each other in many ways. By studying history, scientists can learn more about how we arrived where we did, and historians, by studying science, can learn more about science's contributions to what made us what we are.
Abstract This paper analyzes the Asch studies of the nineteen-fifties, which evaluated the influence of group pressure. The author discusses the results of the Asch studies, assesses the desire of people for conformity, and concludes that the Asch studies were valuable even though they were limited in scope.
Abstract This paper examines the fields of scientific sociology and the broader field of developmental studies, examining both similarities and differences in the two fields. The paper explains that while the worlds of scientific sociological investigation and developmental studies are indeed closely related, the field of scientific sociology has yet to overcome a great deal of its "snobbery," before it can work effectively with the newer and broader field of developmental study.
Table of Contents
Thesis Statements
Comparisons and Contrasts of Sociology and Development
The Scientific Sociological Viewpoint
A Typical Example
The 4 S Society
Conclusions
From the Paper "The Scientific Sociologist, Psychologists and other professionals in attendance at these various meetings received their "wake-up," calls where this issue was concerned. However, not all agreed that the events of the past quarter-century confirm Mead's precocious reasoning that academic scholars and professional societies have unwisely abdicated public education and cultural leadership to others. Putting it somewhat less politely, academic research relevant to the general public is a challenge that cannot be put off any longer."
Tags: colleges, universities, undergraduate, course, study, lives, third, world, program
Abstract This paper answers the following questions about a qualitative study on bilingual education: 1) What were the purposes of the study or what were the research questions? 2) What were the research procedures? 3) What kind of data were collected? 4) How were the data analayzed? 5) What are the major conclusions, implications or arguments of the study? 6) What are the strengths and weaknesses of the study and or the research procedures? 7)What are the teachers' expectations of bilingual education taught in schools?
